Medici Family: The Rise Story of a Family in Florence

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 655 - 668, 31.12.2019

Murat Serdar

Abstract

One of the families who have established a solid
place in the political and economic arena of medieval Italy is the Medicis.
Although they have a legendary past, their stories that began in Florence will
have their place in the big cities of Italy and Europe. It was after Cosimo di
Giovanni de ’Medici when the family was most powerful. Medicis, together with
their wealth, were sometimes the greatest supporters of the papacy and
sometimes their enemies. However, their economic and political activities in
Florence and other European cities played an active role in the fate of the
regions. The role of this flesh will manifest itself clearly in the Renaissance
Movements. For this reason, it is important to examine how the Medicis emerged
from the emergence of Cosimo di Giovanni de ’Medici to the political life and
money to better understand the history of the region. In this study, we tried
to explain to the Medici family the question n What are the effects of the
prestige brought by money until the death of Cosimo di Giovanni in the economic
and political spheres?

Medici Ailesi: Floransa’da Bir Ailenin Yükseliş Öyküsü

Abstract

Orta Çağ İtalya’sının hem siyasî hem de ekonomik arenasında kendisine sağlam bir yer edinmiş ailelerden bir tanesi Medicilerdir. Efsanevi bir geçmişe sahip olmalarına rağmen Floransa’da başlayan hikayeleri İtalya’nın ve Avrupa’nın büyük şehirlerinde kendisine yer edinecektir. Bu ailenin en güçlü olduğu dönemde Cosimo di Giovanni de’ Medici sonrasıdır. Mediciler elde etmiş oldukları servetle birlikte bazen papalığın en büyük destecileri bazen de düşmanları olmuşlardır. Bununla birlikte onların Floransa ve diğer Avrupa şehirlerindeki ekonomik ve siyasi faaliyetleri bölgelerin kaderlerinde etkin rol oynamıştır. Bu etin rol kendisini Rönesans Hareketlerinde açık bir şekilde gösterecektir. Bu sebeple Medicilerin ortaya çıkışlarından Cosimo di Giovanni de’ Medici’nin ölümüne kadar siyasî hayata ve paraya nasıl yön verdiklerinin incelenmesi bölge tarihinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi açısından önemlidir. Biz bu çalışmada Medici ailesine, Cosimo di Giovanni de’ Medici’nin ölümüne kadar paranın getirdiği prestijin ekonomik ve siyasi alanlardaki etkileri nelerdir sorusuyla yola çıktık ve bunu izah etmeye çalıştık.

Keywords

Medici, Floransa, Cosimo, Giovanni

References

• Bisaha, Nancy, Creating East and WestRenaissance Humanists and the Ottoman Turks, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia 2004. Bisticci, Vespasiano, The Vespasiano Memoirs: Lives of Illustrious Men of the XVth Century, Trans: William George, Emily Waters, University of Toronto Press, Toronto 1997. Breaugh, Martin, The Plebeian Experience: A Discountinuous History of Political Freedom, (Trans: Lazer Lederhendler), Columbia University Press, New York 2007. Brucker, Gene A., “The Medici in the Fourteenth Century”, Speculum a Journal of Mediaeval Studies, V: 31, Haziran 1957/1. Brucker, Gene A., Renaissance Florence, University of California Press, London 1969. Bruscoli, Francesco Guidi, Papal Banking in Renaissance Rome: Benvenuto Olivieri and Paul III, 1534-1549, Ashgate, Hampshire 2007. Buckley, Jonathan; Jepson, Tim, The Rough Guide to Florence & the best of Tuscany, Rough Guide, New York. Byrne, Joseph P,. “Prato”, Medieval Italy: an Encyclopedia, Ed: Chrisstopher Kleinhenz, V: 1-2., Routledge, New York 2004, s. 928-931. Caferro, William, Contesting the Renaissance, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford 2011, s. 129. Clement, Matt, A People’s History of Riots, Protest and the Law The Sound of the Crowd, Palgrave Macmillan, United Kingdom 2016. Devlin, Keith, The Man of Numbers: Fibonacci’s Arithmetic Revolution, Bloomsbury, London 2011. Durant, Will, The Renaissance: a History of Civilization in Italy from 1304-1576, Simon and Schuster, New York 1953. Durant, Will, The Renaissance: The story of Civilization, V: 5, Simon and Schuster, New York 1953. Ewart, K. Dorothea, Cosimo De’ Medici, Cosimo Classic, New York 2006. Fossi, Gloria, Uffizi: Art-History-Collections, Giunti, Florence 2004. Gibert, Kelly Ann, Medici Power and Patronage Under Cosimo Elder and Lorenzo the Magnificent, Senior Honors Theses, Eastern Michigan University, Michigan 2005. Hibbert, Christopher, The House of Medici: Its Rise and Fall, William Morrow & Company, INC, New York 1975. J. Muir, Diana, Templars: Who were they? Where did they go?, V: 2/2, Lulu Publishing, North Carolina. J.R., Hale, Florence and the Medici, Thames and Hudson Inc, New York 1977. Jones, Jonathan, "Cosimo the Elder, Pontormo (c1516-20)". the Guardian. Archived, https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2011/aug/10/medicis-florence-renaissance-art 15 Aralık 2019. Kemmerer, Edwin Walter, Gold and the Gold Standard The Story of Gold Money, Past, Present and Future, McGraw-Hill Book Company, INC, New York 1944. Kent, Dale, “Cosimo de’ Medici”, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, V: 73 (2009), s. 36-43. Kent, Dale, The Rise of the Medici: Faction in Florence, 1426-1434, Oxford University Press, New York 1978. Kirsch, J. P., “John XXIII”, The Catholic Encyclopedia, V: 8., The Encyclopedia Press, INC., New York 1910, s. 434. (434-435) Lee, Alexander, The Ugly Renaissance: Sex, Greed, Violence and Depravity in an Age of Beauty, Doubleday, New York 2013. Mansi, J.D., Sacrorum Conciliorum Nova, Et Amplissima Collectio (1409-1418), V: 27. Martines, Lauro, The Social World of the Florentien Humanists, 1390-1460, University of Toronto Press, Toronto 2011. Munro, John H., “The rise, Expansion, and Decline of the Italian wool-Based Cloth Industries, 1100-1730: A Study in International Competition, Transaction Costs, and Comparative Advantage”, Studiees in Medieval and Renaissance History, Seri: 3, V: 9., 2012. Ott, Michael, “Martin V”, The Catholic Encyclopedia, V: 9., The Encyclopedia Press, INC., New York 1910, s. 725. (725-726) Padgett, John F.; Powell, Walter W., The Emergence of Organizations and Markets, Princeton University Press, New Jersey 2012. Parks, Tim, Medici Money: Banking, Metaphysics, and Art in Fifteenth-Century Florence, W.W. Norton & Company, New York 2005. Peterson, David S., ; Bornstein, Daniel E., “Introdustion”, Florence and Beyond: Culture, Society and Politics in Renaissance Italy, CRRs Publications, Toronto 2008. Reumont, Alfred, Lorenzo de’ Medici: The Magnificent, (Almanca’dan trans: Robert Harrison), V: 1., Smith, Elder & Co., London 1876. Roover, Raymond, The Rise and Decline of The Medici Bank 1397-1494, Hardvard University Press, London 1963. Roscoe, William, The Life of Lorenzo De’ Medici, Called The Magnificent, C.I., J. M’Crery, Liverpool 1795. Schevill, Ferdinand, Medieval and Renaissance Florence, V: 2., Harper &Row, Publishers, New York 1961. Strathern, Paul, the Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance, Vintage, London 2007. Terenzi, Pierluigi, “Medici, Giovanni di Bicci de’ ”, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, V: 73 (2016), s. 1-8. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Gonfalonier”, Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/gonfalonier, 22.08.2019. Tomas, Natalie R., Medici Women: Gender and Power in Renaissance Florence, Routledge, London 2003. Turner, Katherine L., “Il monastero nuovo: Cloistered Women of the Medici Court”, Contested Spaces of Nobility in Early Modern Europe, Ed: Matthew P. Romaniello ve Charless Lipp, Routledge, London 2011, s. 127-147. Vieusseux, André, “Albizzi”, Biographical Dictionary, Ed: Thomas Coates, Longman, London 1842, s. 715-717. Villegas, Dentzen Sy, The Medici and the Catholic Church, Abrugena, Justine Gracen, 2013-2014, s. 1-17. Williams, Henry Smith, The Historians’ History of the World, V: 9 Italy, The Outlook Company, New York, 1905.