Demokrasi Algısı Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Year 2023, Volume: 2023 Issue: 21, 491 - 521, 31.10.2023

Abdurrahman Kılıç Burcu Ökmen Şeyma Şahin

https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1255927

Abstract

Bu araştırma ile bireylerin demokrasi algılarını ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 83 maddeden oluşan taslak ölçek açımlayıcı faktör analizine tabi tutulmuş ve analiz sonrası altı faktör altında 35 maddeden oluşan bir ölçek oluşmuştur. Bu 35 maddenin toplam varyansın %63.946’sını açıkladığı görülmüştür. Altı faktörlü yapıda yer alan faktörlerin isimleri; 1) Hukukun Üstünlüğü ve Adalet, 2) Muhalefet, 3) Katılım, 4) Kuvvetler Ayrılığı, 5) Özgürlük, 6) Çoğulculuk olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Ölçeğin faktör yapısının doğrulanması amacıyla DFA yapılmış, X2/df değerinin 2.02, RMSEA değerinin 0.042, NFI değerinin 0.97, NNFI değerinin 0.98, CFI değerinin 0.99, GFI değerinin 0.99 ve AGFI değerinin 0.99 olduğu belirlenmiş ve elde edilen bu değerlerin yapının doğrulanması için yeterli olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları için CR ve test-tekrar test korelasyon değerleri hesaplanmıştır. CR değeri 0,97 ve test-tekrar test korelasyon değeri 0,77 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarına ilişkin tüm sonuçlar incelendiğinde ölçeğin bireylerin demokrasi algılarını ölçebilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi, Demokrasi, Demokrasi Algısı, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi, Geçerlik ve Güvenilirlik

Perception of Democracy: A Scale Development Study

Abstract

The study aimed to develop a scale to measure individuals' perceptions of democracy. After the exploratory factor analysis, a structure comprising 35 items and six factors was formed. It was determined that the scale explained 63.946% of the total variance in this form. The factors include the "Rule of Law and Justice," "Opposition," "Participation," "Separation of Powers," "Freedom," and "Pluralism." CFA was performed, and the fit index values were found as follows: χ2/df=2.02, RMSEA=0.042, NFI=0.97, NNFI=0.98, CFI=0.99, GFI=0.99, and AGFI= 0.99. It was concluded that all values obtained from CFA analysis are sufficient to verify the structure. It was also supposed that the 35 items-six-factor structure was confirmed as a model. Related to the validity and reliability studies of the scale, it was seen that CR and test-retest correlation values showed that the scale is valid and reliable. CR value was 0.97, and the test-retest correlation value was 0.77. After examining all the results, we decided that the scale is valid and reliable for measuring individuals' perceptions of democracy.

Keywords

Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Democracy, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Perception of Democracy, Validity and Reliability

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