İlkokullarda Açık Teneffüs Alanlarının Mekansal Kullanımları ve Yeterlilikleri Üzerine Bir İrdeleme: Üsküdar Örneği

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 74 - 96, 28.01.2020

Selda Cansu Temel

https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.626407

Abstract

Türkiye’de eğitim sistemi yıllar
içerisinde pek çok kez değişim göstermiştir. Uygulanan müfredat, sınav sistemi,
okulların kimliği çok sık değişmekte; buna karşılık eğitim yapılarımız bu
değişime her zaman yanıt verememektedir. Mekân yetersizlikleri sonucu, bazı
okullarda öğrencilerin ders dışı kullandıkları birimler kısıtlandırılmakta ve
böylelikle derslik mekânları arttırılmaktadır. Bu durum, daha çok öğrencinin
kullandığı daha yüksek katlı yapılar ve daha az açık alanları beraberinde
getirmektedir. Okullarda yapılan gözlem ve araştırmalar sonucu, teneffüs
mekânlarının mimari olumsuzluklar ve yetersizlikler barındırdığı fark
edilmiştir. Çalışma bu tespit çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. İlkokul bahçelerinin
planlama ve tasarım kriterlerinin ulusal, uluslararası ve akademik standartlar
bakımından analizi yapılarak, yeterlilik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi
amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda literatürde eksik olarak görülen noktalardan
biri ülkemizde kentleşme problemlerinin en çok görüldüğü, en kalabalık şehrimiz
olan İstanbul’da yer alan ilkokul bahçeleri hakkında yapılan çalışmaların
azlığıdır.  Çalışma bu doğrultuda
İstanbul ilinin Üsküdar ilçesinde yer alan resmi ilkokulları inceleyerek
literatüre katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. Gerçekleştirilen alan çalışmasında
nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemleri birlikte kullanılmıştır. Okulların proje
çizimlerinin temininin ardından, farklı gün ve saatlerde yerinde gözlem ve
eskiz çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, okul bahçelerindeki
mevcut eksiklikler tanımlanmıştır.

Keywords

ilköğretim okulu, rekreasyon alanı, okul bahçesi, İstanbul

Spatial Usage and Qualifications of Outdoor Recreation Areas in Primary Schools: A Case Study From Üsküdar

Abstract

The education system in Turkey has shown
many changes over the years. Curriculum applied, examination system, schools'
identity change very often; however, our educational structures are not always
able to respond to these changes. As a result of the lack of space, apart from
the classrooms, the units used by students in some schools are restricted thus
the number of classrooms is increased as a solution. This situation leads to
higher-rise buildings and less open spaces used by more students. As a result
of the observations and researches carried out in the schools, it has been
noticed that the places used for breaks have architectural disadvantages as
well as inadequacies. The study has been handled within the framework of this
outcome. In this study, it is aimed to analyze the planning and design criteria
of primary school gardens in terms of national, international and academic
standards, and to determine their proficiency levels. One of the points that
are considered to be incomplete in the literature in this regard is the
scarcity of studies on primary school gardens in Istanbul, which has the
greatest urbanization problem in our country as being the most populous city of
Turkey.  In this direction, the study
aimed to contribute to the literature by examining the public primary schools
in Üsküdar district of Istanbul. In the field study, quantitative and
qualitative research methods were used together. Following the supply of the
project drawings of the schools, on-site observation and sketch studies were
carried out on different days and hours. As a result of the study, the current
situation and deficiencies in school gardens were identified.

Keywords

recreation areas, primary school, schoolyard, İstanbul

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