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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>jeas</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Giresun Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2149-3391</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2651-432X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Giresun University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46849/guiibd.1771504</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>International Relations (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Uluslararası İlişkiler (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Realizmde Rekabet ve Güç Dinamikleri: Karabağ Çatışması Vakası</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Dynamics of Rivalry and Power in Realism: Evidence from the Karabakh Conflict</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0227-6161</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Turan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ahmet</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>İNÖNÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, REKTÖRLÜK</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260323">
                    <day>03</day>
                    <month>23</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>12</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>1</fpage>
                                        <lpage>16</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250824">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>24</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260105">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Uluslararası ilişkiler teorileri, uzun zamandır farklı analiz düzeylerini vurgulayarak devletlerin dış politika davranışlarını açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Realizm ise bu alandaki en etkili ve kalıcı yaklaşımlardan biri olmaya devam etmektedir. Klasik realizm, güç mücadelelerini, ulusal çıkarları ve insan doğasının rolünü ön plana çıkarırken, neorealizm uluslararası sistemin anarşik yapısına ve devletler arasındaki yeteneklerin dağılımına odaklanmaktadır. Analitik güçlü yönlerine rağmen, realizmin her iki kolu da dış politika sonuçlarını şekillendirmede iç siyasi dinamiklerin ve fikirsel faktörlerin rolünü küçümseme veya göz ardı etme eğilimindedir. Neoklasik Realizm, sistemik baskıları birim düzeyindeki değişkenlerle bütünleştirerek bu teorik sınırlamaları ele almak için ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu yaklaşım, devlet kapasitesinin, liderlik algılarının, elit konsensüsünün, devlet-toplum ilişkilerinin ve fikirsel çerçevelerin, uluslararası kısıtlamaların somut politika tercihlerine nasıl dönüştüğünü vurgulamaktadır. Bunu yaparken, Neoklasik Realizm, dış politika davranışına daha incelikli ve bağlama duyarlı bir açıklama sunmaktadır. Bu çerçeveyi Rusya-Türkiye ilişkilerine uygulamak, iki devlet arasındaki etkileşimin basit bir rekabet veya ittifak modeline indirgenemeyeceğini göstermektedir. Bunun yerine, rekabet, pragmatik iş birliği ve bölgesel nüfuz için paralel mücadeleler dinamik ve konuya özgü bir şekilde bir arada var olmaktadır. Özellikle Karabağ vakası, sistemik güç değerlendirmelerinin her iki ülkedeki iç stratejik hesaplamalarla nasıl etkileşim içinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu vaka, Neoklasik Gerçekçiliğin ikili yorumların ötesinde karmaşık bölgesel etkileşimleri yakalama konusunda çok boyutlu açıklayıcı kapasitesini güçlü bir şekilde desteklemektedir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>International relations theories have long sought to explain states’ foreign policy behavior by emphasizing different levels of analysis, with realism remaining one of the most influential and enduring approaches in the field. Classical realism foregrounds power struggles, national interests, and the role of human nature, whereas neorealism focuses on the anarchic structure of the international system and the distribution of capabilities among states. Despite their analytical strengths, both strands of realism tend to underestimate or overlook the role of domestic political dynamics and ideational factors in shaping foreign policy outcomes. Neoclassical Realism emerged to address these theoretical limitations by integrating systemic pressures with unit-level variables. This approach emphasizes how state capacity, leadership perceptions, elite consensus, state–society relations, and ideational frameworks mediate the translation of international constraints into concrete policy choices. In doing so, Neoclassical Realism offers a more nuanced and context-sensitive explanation of foreign policy behavior. Applying this framework to Russia–Türkiye relations demonstrates that the interaction between the two states cannot be reduced to a simple model of rivalry or alliance. Instead, competition, pragmatic cooperation, and parallel struggles for regional influence coexist in a dynamic and issue-specific manner. The Karabakh case, in particular, illustrates how systemic power assessments interact with domestic strategic calculations in both countries. Consequently, this case strongly supports the multidimensional explanatory capacity of Neoclassical Realism in capturing complex regional interactions beyond binary interpretations.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>International Relations</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Realism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Neoclassical Realism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Karabakh Case</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Rivalry</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Power Struggle</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Uluslararası İlişkiler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Realizm</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Neoklasik Realizm</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Rekabet</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Güç Mücadelesi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Karabağ Meselesi</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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