Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

ATTITUDES OF ARAB STATES TOWARDS THE SECOND KARABAKH WAR

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 124 - 137, 26.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.46849/guiibd.863584

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to draw attention to the changes in regional security policies by examining the attitudes of Arab states towards the Second Karabakh War. It is seen that there has been a significant change in the attitude of Arab states towards the Karabakh Conflict in recent years. In this context, it has been claimed that new patterns of relationship have emerged in parallel with the increase in the commitment in the field of security and the transitivity of borders between two regions.

References

  • Abu Zaid, M. (2020, October 04). Arab League chief: Turkish tensions ‘will not end well. Arab News, https://www.arabnews.com/node/1744121/middle-east (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • Al Arabiya. (2020, October 17). Explosions rock Nagorno Karabakh despite ceasefire between Armenia-Azerbaijan. https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/world/2020/10/17/Explosions-rock-Nagorno-Karabakh-despite-ceasefire-between-Armenia-Azerbaijan (e.t.05.01.2021).
  • Al Monitor. (2020). Armenian-Americans send aid via Qatar Airways during war with Azerbaijan”, October 19, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/qatar-airways-flight-armenia-aid-los-angeles.html#ixzz6jW3ODeqI (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Al-Jazaeri, R. (2020, 26 October). Popular gathering in Aleppo in denunciation of Turkish interference in Karabakh”. SANA, https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=207435 (e.t.15.12.2020).
  • Almezaini, K. ve Rickli J.M. (2017). “Theories of Small States’ Foreign and Security Policies and the Gulf States”, The Small Gulf States, Foreign and Security Policies before and after the Arap Spring, (ed. Khalid S.Almezaini, Jean- Marc Rickli), New York: Routledge, ss.23-60.
  • Alrmizan, M. (2019). Azerbaijan and Saudi Arabia: Bilateral Opportunities in a Changing Middle East, King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies.
  • Arab News. (2020, September 28). Saudi Arabia calls for ceasefire between Armenia and Azerbaijan. https://www.arabnews.com/node/1741301/saudi-arabia (e.t. 25.11.2020).
  • Badarian, N. (2019, January 15). Armenian President and Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi discussed biletarel relations. Arm Info, https://arminfo.info/full_news. (e.t.10.12.2020).
  • Bruno, A. (2020, October 20). Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict and Gulf States’ Stakes, Gulf International Forum, https://gulfif.org/nagorno-karabakh-conflict-and-gulf-states-stakes/ (e.t.10.12.2020).
  • Buzan, B. ve Wæver, O. (2003). Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Buzan, Barry. (1986). “Introduction”, South Asian Insecurity and the Great Powers. (edited by Barry Buzan and Gowher Rizvi), London: Macmillan.
  • Ehteshami, A. (2014). “Middle East Middle Powers: Regional Role, International Impact” Uluslararası İlişkiler, Volume 11, No. 42 (Summer), ss. 29- 49.
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in Kuwait. (t.y.). “Bilateral Relations”, https://kuwait.mfa.gov.az/en/content/3/ikiterefli-munasibetler (e.t.10.10.2020).
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (t.y.). “Azərbaycan- Səudiyyə Ərəbistan Krallığı”, https://riyadh.mfa.gov.az/az/content/55/azerbaycan-seudiyye-erebistani-kralligi (e.t. 25.11.2020).
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (t.y.) “İslam Əməkdaşlığı Təşkilatı”, https://riyadh.mfa.gov.az/az/content/59/islam-emekdasligi-teskilati (e.t. 25.11.2020).
  • Embassy of the State of Kuwait in Azerbaijan. (t.y.). “Kuwait-Azerbaijan Relations”, https://www.kuwaitembassy.az/index.php/kuwait-azerbaijan-relations/kuwait-azerbaijan1 (e.t.10.10.2020).
  • Fenton-Harvey, J. (2020). How the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict could spiral into a proxy war, The New Arab, https://english.alaraby.co.uk/english/indepth/2020/10/6/could-the-armenia-azerbaijan-conflict-spark-a-proxy-war (e.t. 20.10.2020).
  • Hamman, J. (2020, October 03). Morocco Expresses Support For Azerbaijan In Conflict With Armenia, Morocco World News, https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2020/10/321557/morocco-expresses-support-for-azerbaijan-in-conflict-with-armenia/ (e.t.05.01.2021).
  • Hassoun, A. (2020, 3 October). Syria regrets clashes between Armenia and Azerbaijan, warns against Turkey’s blatant interference, SANA, http://sana.sy/en/?p=204890 (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • Hosny, H. (2020, November 01). Egypt slams Turkish role in Syria. Al Monitor, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/egypt-turkey-tension-syria-role-libya-iraq.html (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • Kamat, D. (2020, November 27). Peace deal between Armenia and Azerbaijan is a disaster for Iran. Arab News, https://www.arabnews.com/node/1769376 (e.t. 15.12.2020).
  • Mehmed, A. (2020). “Türkiye-Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri İlişkileri”, Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Diplomasi, 3 (1), 76-99.
  • Middle East Monitor. (2020, October 6). Assad blames Turkey for Nagorno-Karabakh fighting as battles rage on, https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20201006-assad-blames-turkey-for-nagorno-karabakh-fighting-as-battles-rage-on/ (e.t..15.12.2020).
  • Middle East Monitor. (2020, October 13). Lebanese Armenians join fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh, https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20201013-lebanese-armenians-join-fighting-in-nagorno-karabakh/ (e.t.16.12.2020).
  • Milliyet. (29.09.1992). Ermenilere Rus ve Fransız Silahı.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar. (2020, November 10). “Qatar Welcomes Ceasefire Agreement Between Azerbaijan, Armenia in Nagorno-Karabakh Region”, https://www.mofa.gov.qa/en/statements/qatar-welcomes-ceasefire-agreement-between-azerbaijan-armenia-in-nagorno-karabakh-region (19.12.2020).
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Iraq. (2020, October 02). “Foreign Minister: We wish the two parties of the conflict (Azerbaijan and Armenia) to return to the negotiating table …”, https://www.mofa.gov.iq/2020/10/?p=17791 (e.t.23.12.2020).
  • News. (2020,21 September). Dubai's Burj Khalifa lit up with colors of Armenian national flag. https://news.am/eng/news/603322.html (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • NTV (2013, 14 Ocak). Suriyeli Ermeniler Karabağ'a yerleştiriliyor. https://www.ntv.com.tr/dunya/suriyeli-ermeniler-karabaga-yerlestiriliyor,bZ8g7NRFuEKARp7HB6-tCQ (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • OIC. (1994). “Casablanca Declaration” https://ww1.oic-oci.org/english/conf/is/7/7th-is-summit.htm#CASABLANCA%20DECLARATION (e.t.26.10.2020).
  • Rahimov, R. (2017, 30 January). Armenia-Iran Versus Azerbaijan-Israel: Where Is Russia?. The Jamestown Foundination, https://jamestown.org/program/armenia-iran-versus-azerbaijan-israel-russia/ (e.t.29.11.2020).
  • Rahimov, R. (2020, 10 November). Israel Delivers Aid to Azerbaijan: Background and Implications. The Jamestown Foundination, https://jamestown.org/program/israel-delivers-aid-to-azerbaijan-background-and-implications/ (e.t.29.11.2020).
  • Saudi Gazette. (2020, November 16). Abu Dhabi crown prince holds talks with visiting Armenian president. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/600321 (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Saudi Gazette. (2020, October 09). GCC expresses concern over Azerbaijan-Armenia conflict. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/598931/World/Mena/GCC-expresses-concern-over-Azerbaijan-Armenia-conflict (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Saudi Gazette. (2020, October 26). Kuwait Cabinet condemns continued Houthi attacks against Saudi Arabia. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/599607/SAUDI-ARABIA/Kuwait-Cabinet-condemns-continued-Houthi-attacks-against-Saudi-Arabia (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Smith, K. (2014). “Realist Foreign Policy Analysis with a Twist: The Persian Gulf Security Complex and the Rise and Fall of Dual Containment”, Foreign Policy Analysis, 0 Volume, pp.1-19.
  • Snell, J. (2020, September 14). Intel: Armenia's foreign minister in Egypt says Turkey undermines 'peace and stability in the region'. Al Monitor, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/09/egypt-armenia-foreign-ministers-yerevan-cairo-peace-partners.html#ixzz6jLFJicbH (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • The National News. (2020, November 2). Lebanese Armenians spring to action for Nagorno-Karabakh. https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/lebanese-armenians-spring-to-action-for-nagorno-karabakh-1.1104092 (e.t.16.12.2020).
  • TRT Haber. (2020, 13 Kasım). Azerbaycan'dan Ermenistan saflarında savaşan PKK'lılar hakkında soruşturma. https://www.trthaber.com/haber/azerbaycan/azerbaycandan-ermenistan-saflarinda-savasan-pkklilar-hakkinda-sorusturma-530788.html (e.t. 19.12.2020).
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı. (t.y.). http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_s-relations-with-the-arab-countries.en.mfa (e.t.25.12.2020).
  • UAE provides humanitarian aid to needy families in Armenia’s Vayots Dzor. (2020, 22 May). https://news.am/eng/news/580233.html (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • UN Digital Library. (t.y.). “Voting Data” https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/632041?ln=en (e.t.15.12.2020).
  • Vock, I. (2019). Why Armenia sides with Assad in Syria’s civil war. Reaction, https://reaction.life/why-armenia-sides-with-assad-in-syrias-civil-war/ (e.t.20.12.2020).
  • Youtube (2020, 28 Eylül). فيديو تفجير الدبابات في أذربيجان يتصدر مواقع التواصل | منصات https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t68MaJ7pII0&t=459s (e.t. 30.12.2020).

ARAP DEVLETLERİNİN İKİNCİ KARABAĞ SAVAŞI'NA YÖNELİK TUTUMU

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 124 - 137, 26.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.46849/guiibd.863584

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Arap devletlerinin İkinci Karabağ Savaşına yönelik tutumu incelenerek bölgesel güvenlik politikalarında değişime dikkat çekmek hedeflenmiştir. Arap devletlerinin Karabağ Sorununa yönelik tutumunda son yıllarda önemli bir değişim yaşandığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda iki bölge arasında güvenlik alanında bağlılığın ve sınırların geçişkenliğinin artmasına paralel olarak yeni ilişki kalıplarının ortaya çıktığı iddia edilmiştir.

References

  • Abu Zaid, M. (2020, October 04). Arab League chief: Turkish tensions ‘will not end well. Arab News, https://www.arabnews.com/node/1744121/middle-east (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • Al Arabiya. (2020, October 17). Explosions rock Nagorno Karabakh despite ceasefire between Armenia-Azerbaijan. https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/world/2020/10/17/Explosions-rock-Nagorno-Karabakh-despite-ceasefire-between-Armenia-Azerbaijan (e.t.05.01.2021).
  • Al Monitor. (2020). Armenian-Americans send aid via Qatar Airways during war with Azerbaijan”, October 19, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/qatar-airways-flight-armenia-aid-los-angeles.html#ixzz6jW3ODeqI (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Al-Jazaeri, R. (2020, 26 October). Popular gathering in Aleppo in denunciation of Turkish interference in Karabakh”. SANA, https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=207435 (e.t.15.12.2020).
  • Almezaini, K. ve Rickli J.M. (2017). “Theories of Small States’ Foreign and Security Policies and the Gulf States”, The Small Gulf States, Foreign and Security Policies before and after the Arap Spring, (ed. Khalid S.Almezaini, Jean- Marc Rickli), New York: Routledge, ss.23-60.
  • Alrmizan, M. (2019). Azerbaijan and Saudi Arabia: Bilateral Opportunities in a Changing Middle East, King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies.
  • Arab News. (2020, September 28). Saudi Arabia calls for ceasefire between Armenia and Azerbaijan. https://www.arabnews.com/node/1741301/saudi-arabia (e.t. 25.11.2020).
  • Badarian, N. (2019, January 15). Armenian President and Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi discussed biletarel relations. Arm Info, https://arminfo.info/full_news. (e.t.10.12.2020).
  • Bruno, A. (2020, October 20). Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict and Gulf States’ Stakes, Gulf International Forum, https://gulfif.org/nagorno-karabakh-conflict-and-gulf-states-stakes/ (e.t.10.12.2020).
  • Buzan, B. ve Wæver, O. (2003). Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Buzan, Barry. (1986). “Introduction”, South Asian Insecurity and the Great Powers. (edited by Barry Buzan and Gowher Rizvi), London: Macmillan.
  • Ehteshami, A. (2014). “Middle East Middle Powers: Regional Role, International Impact” Uluslararası İlişkiler, Volume 11, No. 42 (Summer), ss. 29- 49.
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in Kuwait. (t.y.). “Bilateral Relations”, https://kuwait.mfa.gov.az/en/content/3/ikiterefli-munasibetler (e.t.10.10.2020).
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (t.y.). “Azərbaycan- Səudiyyə Ərəbistan Krallığı”, https://riyadh.mfa.gov.az/az/content/55/azerbaycan-seudiyye-erebistani-kralligi (e.t. 25.11.2020).
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (t.y.) “İslam Əməkdaşlığı Təşkilatı”, https://riyadh.mfa.gov.az/az/content/59/islam-emekdasligi-teskilati (e.t. 25.11.2020).
  • Embassy of the State of Kuwait in Azerbaijan. (t.y.). “Kuwait-Azerbaijan Relations”, https://www.kuwaitembassy.az/index.php/kuwait-azerbaijan-relations/kuwait-azerbaijan1 (e.t.10.10.2020).
  • Fenton-Harvey, J. (2020). How the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict could spiral into a proxy war, The New Arab, https://english.alaraby.co.uk/english/indepth/2020/10/6/could-the-armenia-azerbaijan-conflict-spark-a-proxy-war (e.t. 20.10.2020).
  • Hamman, J. (2020, October 03). Morocco Expresses Support For Azerbaijan In Conflict With Armenia, Morocco World News, https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2020/10/321557/morocco-expresses-support-for-azerbaijan-in-conflict-with-armenia/ (e.t.05.01.2021).
  • Hassoun, A. (2020, 3 October). Syria regrets clashes between Armenia and Azerbaijan, warns against Turkey’s blatant interference, SANA, http://sana.sy/en/?p=204890 (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • Hosny, H. (2020, November 01). Egypt slams Turkish role in Syria. Al Monitor, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/10/egypt-turkey-tension-syria-role-libya-iraq.html (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • Kamat, D. (2020, November 27). Peace deal between Armenia and Azerbaijan is a disaster for Iran. Arab News, https://www.arabnews.com/node/1769376 (e.t. 15.12.2020).
  • Mehmed, A. (2020). “Türkiye-Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri İlişkileri”, Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Diplomasi, 3 (1), 76-99.
  • Middle East Monitor. (2020, October 6). Assad blames Turkey for Nagorno-Karabakh fighting as battles rage on, https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20201006-assad-blames-turkey-for-nagorno-karabakh-fighting-as-battles-rage-on/ (e.t..15.12.2020).
  • Middle East Monitor. (2020, October 13). Lebanese Armenians join fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh, https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20201013-lebanese-armenians-join-fighting-in-nagorno-karabakh/ (e.t.16.12.2020).
  • Milliyet. (29.09.1992). Ermenilere Rus ve Fransız Silahı.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar. (2020, November 10). “Qatar Welcomes Ceasefire Agreement Between Azerbaijan, Armenia in Nagorno-Karabakh Region”, https://www.mofa.gov.qa/en/statements/qatar-welcomes-ceasefire-agreement-between-azerbaijan-armenia-in-nagorno-karabakh-region (19.12.2020).
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Iraq. (2020, October 02). “Foreign Minister: We wish the two parties of the conflict (Azerbaijan and Armenia) to return to the negotiating table …”, https://www.mofa.gov.iq/2020/10/?p=17791 (e.t.23.12.2020).
  • News. (2020,21 September). Dubai's Burj Khalifa lit up with colors of Armenian national flag. https://news.am/eng/news/603322.html (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • NTV (2013, 14 Ocak). Suriyeli Ermeniler Karabağ'a yerleştiriliyor. https://www.ntv.com.tr/dunya/suriyeli-ermeniler-karabaga-yerlestiriliyor,bZ8g7NRFuEKARp7HB6-tCQ (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • OIC. (1994). “Casablanca Declaration” https://ww1.oic-oci.org/english/conf/is/7/7th-is-summit.htm#CASABLANCA%20DECLARATION (e.t.26.10.2020).
  • Rahimov, R. (2017, 30 January). Armenia-Iran Versus Azerbaijan-Israel: Where Is Russia?. The Jamestown Foundination, https://jamestown.org/program/armenia-iran-versus-azerbaijan-israel-russia/ (e.t.29.11.2020).
  • Rahimov, R. (2020, 10 November). Israel Delivers Aid to Azerbaijan: Background and Implications. The Jamestown Foundination, https://jamestown.org/program/israel-delivers-aid-to-azerbaijan-background-and-implications/ (e.t.29.11.2020).
  • Saudi Gazette. (2020, November 16). Abu Dhabi crown prince holds talks with visiting Armenian president. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/600321 (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Saudi Gazette. (2020, October 09). GCC expresses concern over Azerbaijan-Armenia conflict. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/598931/World/Mena/GCC-expresses-concern-over-Azerbaijan-Armenia-conflict (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Saudi Gazette. (2020, October 26). Kuwait Cabinet condemns continued Houthi attacks against Saudi Arabia. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/599607/SAUDI-ARABIA/Kuwait-Cabinet-condemns-continued-Houthi-attacks-against-Saudi-Arabia (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • Smith, K. (2014). “Realist Foreign Policy Analysis with a Twist: The Persian Gulf Security Complex and the Rise and Fall of Dual Containment”, Foreign Policy Analysis, 0 Volume, pp.1-19.
  • Snell, J. (2020, September 14). Intel: Armenia's foreign minister in Egypt says Turkey undermines 'peace and stability in the region'. Al Monitor, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/09/egypt-armenia-foreign-ministers-yerevan-cairo-peace-partners.html#ixzz6jLFJicbH (e.t.11.12.2020).
  • The National News. (2020, November 2). Lebanese Armenians spring to action for Nagorno-Karabakh. https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/lebanese-armenians-spring-to-action-for-nagorno-karabakh-1.1104092 (e.t.16.12.2020).
  • TRT Haber. (2020, 13 Kasım). Azerbaycan'dan Ermenistan saflarında savaşan PKK'lılar hakkında soruşturma. https://www.trthaber.com/haber/azerbaycan/azerbaycandan-ermenistan-saflarinda-savasan-pkklilar-hakkinda-sorusturma-530788.html (e.t. 19.12.2020).
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı. (t.y.). http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_s-relations-with-the-arab-countries.en.mfa (e.t.25.12.2020).
  • UAE provides humanitarian aid to needy families in Armenia’s Vayots Dzor. (2020, 22 May). https://news.am/eng/news/580233.html (e.t.18.12.2020).
  • UN Digital Library. (t.y.). “Voting Data” https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/632041?ln=en (e.t.15.12.2020).
  • Vock, I. (2019). Why Armenia sides with Assad in Syria’s civil war. Reaction, https://reaction.life/why-armenia-sides-with-assad-in-syrias-civil-war/ (e.t.20.12.2020).
  • Youtube (2020, 28 Eylül). فيديو تفجير الدبابات في أذربيجان يتصدر مواقع التواصل | منصات https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t68MaJ7pII0&t=459s (e.t. 30.12.2020).
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Political Science
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayten Mehmed 0000-0003-2842-3753

Publication Date February 26, 2021
Submission Date January 18, 2021
Acceptance Date February 8, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Mehmed, A. (2021). ARAP DEVLETLERİNİN İKİNCİ KARABAĞ SAVAŞI’NA YÖNELİK TUTUMU. Giresun Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.46849/guiibd.863584
  • Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences