Investigation of Engineering Properties of Self-Compacting Concretes Produced with Different Mineral Additives

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 699 - 710, 30.12.2022

Emriye Çınar Resuloğulları , Behcet Dündar

https://doi.org/10.29109/gujsc.1179165

Abstract

In this study, Self-Compacting Concrete (SSC) was produced by using Fly Ash (FA) and Marble Powder (MP), which reduces the amount of cement, causes less damage to the environment and has some superior properties compared to normal concrete. The changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the produced SSCs with increasing age were investigated. CEM I 42.5 R cement was used as a binder in the production of SSC. It was used with FA and MP cement at the rates of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight. In general, a high percentage of powder material is needed in the production of SSC. Instead of obtaining the required amount of powder material from binder material, Stone Powder (SD) was preferred as filling material and hyperplasticizer additive was preferred as chemical additive. In the design of the SSC mixture, the amounts of used materials were determined in accordance with the standard. The produced SSCs were cured in the standard curing pool until the day of the experiment. 7, 28, 56 and 90 days compressive and splitting tensile strengths were determined as mechanical strength. As for the physical properties, water absorption, porosity, unit weight, capillary water absorption, ultrasound pulse velocity and electrical resistivity values at 28, 56 and 90 days were determined as a result of the experiments. Moreover, it was observed that the mechanical strengths increased with the increase of concrete age, while the ideal ratio was determined as 20% for both mineral admixtures.

Keywords

Fly Ash, Self-Compacting Concrete, Marble Powder

References

• [1] Okamura, H. “Self-compacting high-performance concrete,” Concrete international, vol. 19 no. 7, pp. 50-54, 1997.
• [2] Cengiz, S. , Kamanlı, M. & Ünal, A. Investıgatıon of flexural behavıor of reınforced concrete beams produced wıth self compactıng and normal concrete. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 8 (2), 429-438 (2020).
• [3] Kefelegn, A., Gebre, A. Performance of self-compacting concrete used in congested reinforcement structural element, Eng. Struct. 214 (2020), 110665, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110665.
• [4] Liu, Y., Hou, S., Li, C., Zhou, H., Jin, F., Qin, P., Yang, Q. Study on support time in double-shield TBM tunnel based on self-compacting concrete backfilling material. Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol. 96 (2020), 103212, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103212.
• [5] Zhu, P., Xu, X., Liu, H., Liu, S., Chen, C., Jia, Z. Tunnel fire resistance of selfcompacting concrete coated with SiO2 aerogel cement paste under 2.5 h HC fire loading. Constr. Build. Mater. 239 (2020) 117857. 10.1016/j. conbuildmat.2019.117857.
• [6] Salesa, A., J.A. ´ P´erez-Benedicto, L.M. Esteban, R. Vicente-Vas, M. Orna-Carmona, Physico-mechanical properties of multi-recycled self-compacting concrete prepared with precast concrete rejects, Constr. Build. Mater. 153 (2017) 364–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.087.
• [7] Zamri, N.F., Mohamed, R.N., Elliott, K.S. Shear capacity of precast half-joint beams with steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 272 (2021) 121813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121813.
• [8] Krishna Murthy. N, Narasimha Rao A.V, Ramana Reddy I. V and Vijaya Sekhar Reddy. M. Mix Design Procedure for Self-Compacting Concrete. IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN), 2 (9) September (2012).
• [9] Mehta, P.K., Monteiro, P.J.M. Concreto: propriedades e materiais, IBRACON (2014). repositorio.ufal.br/bitstream/riufal/377/1/EdvaldoMonteiroLisboa_Capa_Cap2. pdf.
• [10] Bacarji, E., Toledo Filho, R.D., Koenders, E.A.B., Figueiredo, E.P., Lopes, J.L.M.P. Sustainability perspective of marble and granite residues as concrete fillers. Constr. Build. Mater. 45 (2013) 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. conbuildmat.2013.03.032.
• [11] Silva, M.C. Dimensionamento de pilar-parede considerando o aumento da resistˆencia a ` compress˜ ao do concreto, Universidade Estadual de Maring´ a, Dissertaç˜ ao (mestrado), (2018).
• [12] Cabrera, M., Martinez-Echevarria, M.J., Lopez-Alonso, M. Agrela, F., Rosales, J. Selfcompacting recycled concrete using biomass bottom ash, Materials 14 (20) (2021) 6084.
• [13] Buˇsi´c, R., Miliˇcevi´c, I., Sipo, T., StrFAar, K. Recycled rubber as an aggregate replacement in self-compacting concrete-literature overview, Materials 11 (9) (2018) 1729.
• [14] Kapoor, K., Singh, S.P., Singh, B. Evaluating the durability properties of self compacting concrete made with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates. Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 24 (14) (2020) 2383–2399.
• [15] Abed, M., de Brito, J. Evaluation of high-performance self-compacting concrete using alternative materials and exposed to elevated temperatures by nondestructive testing. J. Build. Eng. 32 (2020) 101720.
• [16] Felekoglu B. Utilisation of high volumes of limestone quarry wastes in concrete industry (self-compacting concrete case). Resour Conserv Recycl, 51, (2007)770–91.
• [17] Bosiljkov, V.B., Duh, D. and Zarnic, R. Time evolution of properties of SCC mixtures produced using crushed limestone aggregate and high content of limestone filler, design, production and placement of self-consolidating concrete. Rilem Bookseries,1, (2010) 317–27.
• [18] Uysal, M. and Yilmaz, K. Effect of mineral admixtures on properties of selfcompacting concrete. Cement Concr Comp, 33, (2011) 771–6.
• [19] Vejmelkova, E., Keppert, M., Grzeszczyk, S., Bartłomiej, S. and Cerny, R. Properties of self-compacting concrete mixtures containing metakaolin and blast furnace slag. Constr Build Mater, 25, (2011)1325–31.
• [20] Derabla, R. and Benmalek, M.L. Characterization of heat-treated self-compacting concrete containing mineral admixtures at early age and in the long term. Construction and Building Materials, 66, (2014) 787–794.
• [21] Long, G., Gao, Y., Xie, Y. Designing more sustainable and greener self-compacting concrete, Construct. Build. Mater. 84 (2015) 301–306, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.072
• [22] Ahari, R.S., Erdem, T.K., Ramyar, K. Thixotropy and structural breakdown properties of self consolidating concrete containing various supplementary cementitious materials, Cem. Concr. Compos. 59 (2015) 26–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.03.009.
• [23] Ponikiewski, T., Gołaszewski, J. The influence of high-calcium fly ash on the properties of fresh and hardened self-compacting concrete and high performance self-compacting concrete, J. Clean. Prod. 72 (2014) 212–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.02.058.
• [24] Ma, C., Zhao, B., Guo, S., Long, G., Xie, Y. Properties and characterization of green one-part geopolymer activated by composite activators, J. Clean. Prod. 220 (2019) 188–199, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.159
• [25] Ponikiewski, T., Gołaszewski, J. The effect of high-calcium fly ash on selected properties of self-compacting concrete, Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng. 14 (2014) 455–465, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2013.10.014.
• [26] Singh, N., Kumar, P., Goyal, P. Reviewing the behaviour of high volume fly ash based self compacting concrete, J. Build. Eng. 26 (2019), 100882, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100882.
• [27] Zhou, S., Ma, C., Long, G., Xie, Y. A novel non-Portland cementitious material: mechanical properties, durability and characterization, Construct. Build. Mater. 238 (2020), 117671, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117671.
• [28] Canpolat, F. The role of coal combustion by-products in sustainable construction materials, Indian Concr. J. 86 (6) (2011) 26–38.
• [29] Patankar, S.V., Ghugal, Y. M., Jamkar, S. S. Mix design of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. In Advances in Structural Engineering (pp. 1619-1634) (2015) Springer, New Delhi.
• [30] Prarthitaet, B.A.S.U., Gupta, R. C., Agrawal, V Mix design of selfcompacting concrete–A new approach (2018).
• [31] Tayeb, B., Abdelbaki, B., Madani, B., Mohamed, L. Effect of marble powder on the properties of self-compacting sand concrete. The Open construction and building technology journal, 5(1) (2011).
• [32] TS EN 197-1, Cement – Part 1: Composition, specification and conformity criteria for common cements, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2012).
• [33] ASTM C 618-93, Standard Test Method for Fly Ash, Manual book of ASTM volume 04.02, 93, USA (1991).
• [34] TS 706 EN 12620+A1, Aggregates for concrete, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2009).
• [35] TS EN 1008, Mixing water for concrete - Specifications for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2003).
• [36] EFNARC (2005). The European Guidelines for Self Compacting Concrete - Specification, production and use, The European Federation of Specialist Construction Chemicals and Concrete Systems (EFNARC), May, 2005, pp. 68.
• [37] TS EN 12390-7, Testing hardened concrete - Part 7: Density of hardened concrete, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2021).
• [38] TS EN 772-11, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 11: Determination of water absorption of aggregate concrete, autoclaved aerated concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units due to capillary action and the initial rate of water absorption of clay masonry units, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2012).
• [39] TS EN 12504-4, Testing concrete in structures - Part 4: Determination of ultrasonic pulse velocity, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2021).
• [40] ASTM C1760, Standard Test Method for Bulk Electrical Conductivity of Hardened Concrete (2021)
• [41] TS EN 12390-3. Testing hardened concrete - Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens, TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2019).
• [42] TS EN 12390-6, Testing hardened concrete - Part 6: Tensile splitting strength of test specimens TSE, Ankara, Turkey (2010).
• [43] Uygunoğlu, T., Topçu, İ.B., Şimşek, B., Çınar, E. Kendiliğinden Yerleşen Harçların Elektriksel Özdirenci Üzerine Mineral Katkıların Etkisi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(2) (2018) 986-992.
• [44] Yasar, E., Erdogan, Y., Kılıç, A. Effect of limestone aggregate type and water cement ratio on concrete strength. Mater. Lett. 58 (5) (2004) 772-777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2003.06.004
• [45] Çınar, E., Dündar, B., Uygunoğlu T. Investigation on High-Temperature Effect of Recycled Concrete Aggregate on Mortars. Materials International, 2 (2) (2020) 236-24.