<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1309-7423</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">1309-7423</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Gumushane University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Determination of Active Tectonicism with Geomorphological Data in Yedisu Basin (Bingöl) and Its Surroundings on The North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ)</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu (KAFZ) Üzerinde Yer Alan Yedisu Havzası (Bingöl) ve Çevresinde Aktif Tektonizmanın Jeomorfolojik Verilerle Belirlenmesi</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6024-4571</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kıranşan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Kemal</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>BİNGÖL ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20221017">
                    <day>10</day>
                    <month>17</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>13</volume>
                                        <issue>3</issue>
                                        <fpage>1213</fpage>
                                        <lpage>1238</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220528">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20220826">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010, Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2010</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Yedisu Basin (Bingöl) is a pull-apart type tectonic basin formed on the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The Yedisu Basin is geographically located within the Upper Euphrates Section of the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The aim of this study is to determine the active tectonism in  Yedisu Basin and its surroundings with geomorphological data. For this, literature data, geology and topography maps at various scales, 5*5 m resolution Digital Elevation Model, earthquake data, Google Earth images and field data were used. In the evaluation of the data, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), geomorphological methods and geomorphometric indices were used together. As a result of the study, it has been observed that many morphotectonic structures (pressure ridges, fault scarps, covering ridges, hanging valleys, offset streams, alluvial fans, landslides and terraces) are formed in Yedisu Basin and its surroundings due to the activity of the Yedisu Segment and its sub-branches. The tectonism, magmatism and fluvial processes that were effective in the Yedisu Basin and its surroundings during the Upper Miocene and Quaternary periods caused the slope values to be high in the area. As tectonism is more active in the south of the basin than in the north, the alluvial fans in the south have higher elevation and slope values than those in the north. The terraces had on Perisuyu Stream and its branches located in the Yedisu Basin have been deformed as a result of active tectonism, and many offset streams have occurred on the secondary branches. Again, many landslides triggered by active tectonism have occurred in and around the basin. According to morphotectonic data, geomorphometric indices and seismicity data, new faults have been proposed for Yedisu Segment in Yedisu Basin and its surroundings.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Yedisu Havzası (Bingöl), Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu (KAFZ) üzerinde oluşmuş çek-ayır tipi bir tektonik havzadır. Yedisu Havzası, coğrafik olarak Türkiye’nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin Yukarı Fırat Bölümü içerisinde bulunur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yedisu Havzası ve çevresinde aktif tektonizmanın jeomorfolojik verilerle belirlenmesidir. Bunun için literatür verileri çeşitli ölçeklerde jeoloji ve topografya haritaları, 5*5 m çözünürlüklü Sayısal Yükselti Modeli, deprem verileri, Google Earth görüntüleri ve saha verileri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS), jeomorfolojik yöntemler ve jeomorfometrik indisler birlikte kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Yedisu Havzası ve çevresinde Yedisu Segmenti ve onun tali kollarının aktifliği nedeniyle çok sayıda morfotektonik yapıların (basınç sırtları, fay diklikleri, kapatıcı sırtlar, asılı vadiler, ötelenmiş dereler, alüvyal yelpazeler, heyelanlar ve taraçalar) oluştuğu görülmüştür. Yedisu Havzası ve çevresinde Üst Miyosen ve Kuvaterner döneminde etkili olan tektonizma, magmatizma ve akarsu süreçleri sahada eğim değerlerinin yüksek olmasına neden olmuştur. Havzanın güneyinde tektonizmanın kuzeye nazaran daha aktif olması sonucunda güneyde bulunan alüvyon yelpazeleri, kuzeyde bulunanlara göre daha fazla yükselti ve eğim değerlerine sahip olmuştur. Yedisu Havzası’nda yer alan Perisuyu Çayı ve kolları üzerinde bulunan taraçalar aktif tektonizma sonucunda deforme olmuş ve tali kollar üzerinde çok sayıda nehir atımları meydana gelmiştir. Yine havza ve çevresinde aktif tektonizmanın tetiklediği birçok heyelan oluşmuştur. Morfotektonik veriler, jeomorfometrik indisler ve depremsellik verilerine göre Yedisu Havzası ve çevresinde Yedisu Segmenti için yeni faylar önerilmiştir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu (KAFZ)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Jeomorfoloji</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Aktif Tektonik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yedisu Havzası (Bingöl)</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Geomorphology</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Active Tectonics</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Geographic İnformation Systems (GIS)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yedisu Basin (Bingöl)</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aksoy, M. E. (2009). Active Tectonics and paleoseismology of the Ganos Fault Segment and seismic characteristics of the 9 August 1912 Mürefte Earthqıake of the North Anatolian Fault (Western Turkey). Avrasya Yer Bilimleri Enstitüsü ve IPGS, İstanbul ve Strasbourg.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyüz, H.S., Altunel, E., Zabcı, C., Sançar, T., Çakır, Z., Yalçıner, Ç. ve Gutsuz, P. (2009). Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Üzerindeki Yedisu Sismik Boşluğu ve Karlıova Fayı (Bingöl) Üzerinde Paleosismolojik ve Morfotektonik Araştırmalar. TÜBİTAK Proje No: 106Y174</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Allen, C. R. (1969). Active Faulting in Northern Turkey. Contribution No. 1577, Division of Geological Sciences, California Institute of Technology 32.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ambraseys, N. N. (1970). Some characteristic features of the Anatolian Fault Zone. Tectonophysics 9, 143-165.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ambraseys, N. (1975). Studies in historical seismicity and tectonics. Geodyn. T oday, 7–16, Pub. R. Soc. London.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ambraseys, N. N. ve Finkel, C. F. (2003). Türkiye ve komşu bölgelerde sismik etkinlikler; bir tarihsel inceleme 1500-1800. Tübitak Yayınları Akademik Dizi-4.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Atalay, İ. (1973). Sultandağları ile Akşehir ve Eber Gölleri havzalarının strüktüral, jeomorfolojik ve toprak erozyonu etüdü. Doktora tezi (basılmış), Yeni Desen Mat., Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Barka A. (1985). Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonundaki bazı Neojen-Kuaterner havzalarının jeolojisi ve tektonik evrimi. Ketin Simp. Kitabi, Turk. ¨ Jeol. Kurumu, Ankara, pp. 209–27</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Barka, A.A., Toksoz, M.N., Gulen, L. &amp; Kadinsky-Cade, K. (1987). Segmentation, seismicity, and earthquake potential of the eastern part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone. Bulletin of the Earth Sciences Application and Research Center of Hacettepe University. 14. pp. 337–352.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Barka, A. A. ve Kadinsky-Cade, K. (1988). Strike-slip fault geometry in Turkey and Its influence on earthquake activity. Tectonics. 7(3). pp. 663-684.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Barka, A. A. (1992). The North Anatolian fault zone. Annales Tectonicae 6, 164-195.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bingöl, E. (1986). Doğrultu atım sorunu ve jeolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, No: 28.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bull, W.B. &amp; McFadden, L.D. (1977). Tectonic geomorphology north and south of the Garlock fault, California. In: Doehring, D.O. (Ed.), Geomorphology in Arid Regions: Proceedings of the Eight Annual Geomorphology Symposium, pp. 115–138.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bull, W. B. (2008). Tectonic geomorphology of mountains: A New Approach to Paleoseismology, 316 pp., Malden, USA.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Burbank, D. W. &amp; Anderson, R. S. (2001). Tectonic geomorphology. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cox, R. T. (1994). Analysis of drainage basin symmetry as a rapid technique to identify areas of possible Quaternary tilt-block tectonics: an example from the Mississippi Embayment, Geological Society of America Bulletin, V. 106, p. 571-581.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Emre, Ö., Özalp, S., Yildirim, C., Özaksoy, V. ve Doğan, A. (2005b). 12 ve 14 Mart Karlıova Depremleri&#039;nin Değerlendirilmesi, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Özalp, S., Şaroğlu, F., Olgun, Ş., Elmacı, H., &amp; Çan, T. (2016). Active fault database of Turkey. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 1-47</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ergin, K., Güçlü, U. ve Aksay, G. (1971). Türkiye ve dolaylarının deprem kataloğu (1965-1970). İTÜ Maden Fakültesi, Arz Fiziği Enstitüsü Yayınları, No: 28.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erinç, S. (1953). Doğu Anadolu Coğrafyası, İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erinç, S. (2010). Jeomorfoloji I. Der Yayınları, İstanbul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Glade, T., Crozier, M., &amp; Smith, P. (2000). Applying probability determination to refine landslide-triggering rainfall thresholds using an empirical, Antecedent Daily Rainfall Model. Pure and Applied Geophysics 157(6-8), 1059-1079.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Herece, A. ve Akay, E. (2003). Kuzey Anadolu Fay (KAF) Atlası. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Özel Yayın, Ser. 2, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hoşgören, M.Y. (1993). Jeomorfolojinin ana çizgileri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayını, No: 3132, İstanbul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hubert-Ferrari, A., Armijo, R., King, G., Meyer, B. &amp; Barka, A. (2002). Morphology, displacement, and slip rates along the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey, J. Geophys. Res., 107, ETG 9-1-ETG 9-33.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kozacı, O., Dolan, J. F. ve Finkel, R. C. (2009). A late Holocene slip rate for the central North Anatolian fault, at Tahtaköy, Turkey, from cosmogenic 10 Be geochronology: Implications for fault loading and strain release rates, J. Geophys. Res., 114, 1-12.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Keller, E. A. ve Pinter, N. (2002). Active tectonics, earthquakes, uplift and landscape, 2nd edition, USA: Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ketin, İ. (1948). Uber die tektonisch-mechanischen Folgerungen aus den grossen anatolischen Erdbeben des letzten Dezenniums. Geologische Rundschau 36, 77-83.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ketin, İ. (1957). Kuzey Anadolu Deprem Fayı. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Dergisi 15, 49- 52.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ketin, İ. (1969). Kuzey Anadolu Fayı Hakkında. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 72, 1-27.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Larsen, M. C., &amp; Simon, A. (1993). A rainfall intensity-duration threshold for landslides in a humid-tropical environment Puerto Rico. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, 75(1-2), 13- 23.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Maden Tetkik Arama ve Genel Müdürlüğü, (2012). 1/250000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritaları Erzurum ve Erzincan Paftaları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McCalpin, J. (1986). Quaternary tectonics of the Sangre de Cristo and Villa Grove Fault Zones, in Contributions to Colorado Seismicity and Tectonics: A 1986 Update. Colorado Geological Survey Special Publication 28, 59-64.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McKenzie, D. (1972). Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 30 (2). 109-185.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KOERI: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Araştırma Enstitüsü, http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ohmori, H. (1993). Changes in the hypsometric curve through mountain building resulting from concurrent tectonics and denudation. Geomorphology 8, 263–277.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pavoni, V. N. (1961). Die Nordanatolische Horizontalverschiebung. Geologische Rundschau 51, 122-139.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pazzaglia, F.J. (2013). Fluvial Terraces, in, John F. Shroder (Editor-in-chief), Wohl, E. (Volume Editor). Vol 9, Fluvial Geomorphology, San Diego: Academic Press, p. 379-412.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pucci, S., De Martini, P. M. ve Pantosti, D. (2008). Preliminary slip rate estimates for the Düzce segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone from offset geomorphic markers, Geomorphology, 97, 538-554.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Stein, R.S., Barka, A.A. &amp; Dieterich, J.H. (1997). Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering, Geophysical Journal International, 128, 594-604.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Strahler, A.N. (1952). Hypsometric (area-altitude curve) Analysis of Erosional Topography. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 63, 1117-1141.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sözbilir, H., Tatar, O., Çakır, R., Eski, S., Softa, M., Duran, İ., Akgün, M., Utku, M. ve Koçbulut, F. (2020). 14 Haziran 2020 Bingö-Karlıova Depremi Ön İnceleme Raporu, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Deprem Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Diri Fay Araştırma Grubu</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şaroğlu F., Emre, Ö., &amp; Kuşçu, İ. (1992a). Active fault map of Turkey. Ankara, Turkey: General Directorate of Mineral and Research Exploration of Turkey Publication (MTA).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şaroğlu, F., Emre, E., &amp; Kuşçu, İ. (1992b). The East Anatolian Fault zone of Turkey. Annalae Tectonicae 6, 99-125</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şaroğlu, F. ve Güner, Y. (1981). Doğu Anadolu&#039;nun jeomorfolojik gelişimine etki eden öğeler, Jeomorfoloji, Tektonik, Volkanizma İlişkileri. Türkiye Jeololji Kurumu Bülteni 24/2, 39-50.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şaroğlu, F. ve Yılmaz, Y. (1984). Doğu Anadolu&#039;nun neotektoniği ve ilgili magmatizması. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Ketin Simpozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı, 149-162.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengör, A.M.C. and Canıtez, N. (1982). The North Anatolian Fault. In: H. Berekhemer and K. Hsü (Editors), Alpine Mediterranean Geodynamics, Geodynamics, pp. 205-216.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., İmren, C., Sakınç, M., Eyidoğan, H., Gorur, N., Le Pichon, X. ve Rangin, C. (2005). The North Anatolian Fault: A New Look. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 33, 37-112.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengör, A.M.C. (2017). Diversion of River Courses Across Major Strike‐Slip Faults and Keirogens. Active Global Seismology: Neotectonics and Earthquake Potential of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 225.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengör, A. M. C. (1979). The North Anatolian transform fault: Its age, offset and tectonic significance. Journal of Geological Society London, 136, 269–282.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengör, A.M.C. (1980). Türkiye neotektoniğinin esasları. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Yayınları, S.40.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengör, A. M. C., &amp; Yilmaz, Y. (1981). Tethyan evolution of Turkey: a plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics 75, 181– 241.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tchalenko, J.S. (1977). A reconnaissance of the seismicity and tectonics at northern border of the Arabian plate (Lake Van region). Revue de Geologie Dynamique et de Geographie Physique, 19: 189-208.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tarhan, N.(1989a). Hınıs-Varto (Erzurum-Muş) dolayının jeolojisi ve petrolojisi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), İ.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tarhan, N. (1997). 1/100000 ölçekli Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Erzincan J-45 Paftası, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tarhan, N. (1998). 1/100000 ölçekli Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Erzincan İ-45 Paftası, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tarhan, N. (2007). 1/100000 ölçekli Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Erzincan J-44 Paftası, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tarhan, N. (2007). 1/100000 ölçekli Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Erzincan İ-44 Paftası, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref59">
                        <label>59</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tutkun, S. ve Hancock, P. (1990).Tectonic landforms expressing strain at the Karlıova continental triple junction (E Turkey). Annales Tectonicae IV, 182-195.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref60">
                        <label>60</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zabci, C., Akyüz, H.S., Sançar, T., Karabacak, V., Altunel, E. and Yalçıner, Ç. (2009). Paleoseismicity and Morphotectonic aspects of the Yedisu Seismic Gap ofthe North Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey). Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 11, EGU2009-8545.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
