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Uzun elma genotipinin antioksidan ve antibakteriyel aktivitesi ile mutajenik etki değeri üzerine yetiştiricilik bölgesinin etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 275 - 282, 15.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.975445

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Kars ilinin Kağızman ilçesi ve Gürcistan’ın Ahıska şehrinde yetiştirilen Uzun elma çeşidinin bazı biyoaktif bileşenleri, antioksidan ve antibakteriyel özellikleri ile mutajenik etki değerleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Kağızman örneğinde toplam fenolik madde ve toplam flavanoid madde içerikleri 93.66 mg GAE/100g ve 15.87 mg EC/100g iken Ahıska örneğinde sırasıyla 76.99 mg GAE/100g ve 10.89 mg EC/100g olarak belirlenmiştir. Genotiplerin antioksidan aktivite değerleri arasında önemli bir farklılık görülmemiştir (p>0.05). ABTS ve DPPH radikali süpürücü aktivite ile FRAP değerleri sırasıyla Kağızman ve Ahıska genotiplerinde % 66.86, 60.93; % 70.97, 72.57 ve 870.81, 874.45 µmol Fe II/g olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde her iki genotipin ekstraktında da sadece Escherichia coli ATCC 8739’ye karşı antibakteriyal etki tespit edilmiş, bunun dışındaki test bakterileri için etki belirlenememiştir. Ekstrakların denenen dozlarında TA98 ve TA100 suşlarında mutajen etki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak yetiştiricilik bölgesi farklılığının sadece toplam fenolik ve flavanoid madde miktarlarında etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Abacı, Z. T. ve Sevindik, E. (2014). Ardahan bölgesinde yetiştirilen elma çeşitlerinin biyoaktif bileşiklerinin ve toplam antioksidan kapasitesinin belirlenmesi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(2), 175-184.
  • Abbasoğlu, U., Tosun, F. and Aydınoğlu, A. (1995). Antimicrobial activity of Gonocytisus angulatus (L.) Spach. FABAD Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20, 125-127.
  • Alberto, M. R., Rinsdahl Canavosio, M. A. and Manca de Nadra, M. C. (2006). Antimicrobial effect of polyphenols from apple skins on human bacterial pathogens. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 9(3), 205-209. https://doi.org/10.2225/vol9-issue3-fulltext-1
  • Anonim (2021). Anadolu Ajansı (2021, 16 Haziran) Erişim adresi https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/tescilli-uzun-elma-pazara-indi-/1597075.
  • Aslantaş, R. and Karabulut, H. (2007). Rakımın meyve yetiştiriciliğinde önemi ve etkileri. Alınteri Zirai Bilimler Dergisi, 12, 31-37.
  • Bahukhandi, A., Dhyani, P., Bhatt, I. D. and Rawal, R. S. (2018). Variation in polyphenolics and antioxidant activity of traditional apple cultivars from West Himalaya, Uttarakhand. Horticultural Plant Journal, 4(4), 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2018.05.001
  • Bakhshi, D. and Arakawa, O. (2006). Effects of UV-b irradiation on phenolic compound accumulation and antioxidant activity in ‘Jonathan’ apple influenced by bagging, temperature and maturation. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment, 4(1), 75-79. https://doi.org/10.1234/4.2006.698
  • Balık, S. (2016). Kağızman yöresinde yetiştirilen ‘uzun elma’ yerel çeşidinde klon seleksiyonu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Iğdır.
  • Benvenuti, S., Pellati, F. Melegar, M. and Bertelli. D. (2004). Polyphenols, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and radical scavenging activity of Rubus, Ribes and Aronia. Journal of Food Science, 69, 164-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb13352.x
  • Benzie, I. F. F. and Strain, J. J. (1996). The ferric reducing Ability of plasma (FRAB) as a measure of “Antioxidant power”: The FRAB assay. Analitic Biochemistry, 239, 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996. 0292
  • Boyer J. and Liu R. H. (2004). Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutrition Journal, 3, 5-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-3-5
  • Drogoudi, P. D. and Pantelidis, G. (2011). Effects of position on canopy and harvest time on fruit physico chemical and antioxidant properties in different apple cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 129, 752-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.05.036
  • Duda-Chodak, A., Tarko, T. and Tuszyński, T. (2011). Antioxidant activity of apples an impact of maturity stage and fruit part. Acta scientiarum polonorum. Technologia alimentaria, 10(4), 443-454.
  • Duda-Chodak, A., Tarko, T., Satora, P., Sroka, P. and Tuszyński ,T. (2010). The profile of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of selected apple cultivars grown in Poland. Journal of Fruit Ornamental Plant Research, 18(2), 39-50.
  • Erbil, N., Arslan, M., Murathan, Z. T., Ilcim, A. and Borekci, B. S. (2020). Some biological effects of the fruits and leaves of different apple cultivars, including red-fleshed apples, grown in a microclimatic region of Turkey: Part I. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 62(4), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-020-00527-5
  • Erbil, N., Murathan, Z. T., Arslan, M., Ilcim, A. and Sayin, B. (2018). Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activities of five Turkish pear cultivars. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 60(3), 203-209. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/S10341-017-0359-1
  • Erkmen, O. (2016). Laboratory Techniques in Microbiology. Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy, Ankara, Turkey.
  • FAO Statical Databases. (2021, 17 Haziran). Erişim adresi http://faostat.fao.org.
  • Giomaro, G., Karioti, A., Bilia, A.R., Bucchini, A., Giamperi, L., Ricci. D. and Fraternale, D. (2014). Polyphenols profile and antioxidant activity of skin and pulp of a rare apple from Marche region (Italy). Chemistry Central Journal, 8, 45. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/1752-153X-8-45
  • Güleryüz, M. ve Ercişli, S. (1995). Kağızman ilçesinde yetiştirilen mahalli elma çeşitleri üzerinde biyolojik ve pomolojik araştırmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(2), 183-193.
  • Jin, W. L., Eun, J. M., Ji, E.C., Yang, H. J., Hari, J., Ji, Y. J., Qinghao, J., Hee, N. C., Bang, Y. H. and Mi, K. L. (2016). Effect of Korean Red Ginseng extraction conditions on antioxidant activity, extraction yield, and ginsenoside Rg1 and phenolic content: optimization using response surface methodology. Journal of Ginseng Research, 40, 229-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2015.08.001
  • Kılınç, B., Yalçın, H. T. ve Sürengil, G. (2018). Meyve kabuklarının antimikrobiyal özellikleri ile yenilebilir film üretiminde kullanım potansiyelinin belirlenmesi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 144-157.
  • Koday, Z. (2004). Kağızman ilçesinde meyvecilik. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 9(12), 189-206.
  • Lee, C. Y. and Smith, N. L. (2000). Apples: an important source of antioxidants in the American diet. New York Fruit Quarterly, 8(2), 15-17.
  • Lotito, S. and Frei, B. (2004). Relevance of apple plyphenols as antioxidants in human plasma: contrasting in vitro and in vivo effects. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 36, 201-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.10.005
  • Macit, İ., Aydın, E., Tas, A. and Gundogdu, M. (2021). Fruit quality properties of the local apple varieties of Anatolia. Sustainability, 13(11), 6127. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116127
  • Maron, D. M. and Ames, B. N. (1983). Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutation Research, 113, 173-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/ 0165-1161(83)90010-9
  • Podsędek, A., Wilska-Jeszka, J., Anders, B. and Markowski, J. (2000). Compositional characterization of some apple varieties. European Journal of Food Research and Technologies, 210, 368-372. https://doi.org/10,1007/s002179900101
  • Quettier-Deleu, C., Gressier, B., Vasseur, J., Dine, T., Brunet, J., Luyck, M., Cazin, M., Cazin, J. C., Bailleul, F. and Trotin, F. (2000). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00196-3
  • Quitral, V., Sepúlveda, M. and Schwartz, M. (2013). Antioxidant capacity and total polyphenol content in different apple varieties cultivated in Chile. Revista Iberoamericana Tecnología Postcosecha, 14, 31-39.
  • Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M. and Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 26, 1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  • Rop, O., Jurikova, T., Sochor, J., Mlcek, J. and Kramarova, D. (2011). Antioxidant capacity, scavenging radical activity and selected chemical composition of native apple cultivars from central europe. Journal of Food Quality, 34, 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.2011.00387.x
  • Spanos, G. A. and Wrolstad, R. E. (1992). Phenolic of apple, pear and white grape juices and their changes with processing and storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40(9), 1478-1487. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a002
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK). (2021, 17 Haziran). Erişim adresi http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Uysal, N. E. (2011). Determination of antibacterial activities of Taraxacum farinosum Hausskn. Et Bornm. and Taraxacum mirabile Wagenitz extracts. Master Thesis, Selçuk University, Institute of Sciences, Konya, Turkey.
  • Wan-Ibrahim, W. I., Sidik, K. and Kuppusamy, U. R. (2010). A high antioxidant level in edible plants is associated with genotoxic properties. Food Chemistry, 122(4), 1139-1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.101
  • Yoshizawa, Y., Sakurai, K., Kawaii, S., Asari, M., Soejima, J. and Murofushi, N. (2005). Comparison of antiproliferative and antioxidant properties among nineteen apple cultivars. HortScience, 40(5), 1204-1207. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.40.5.1204

Effect of growing region on antioxidant and antibacterial activity and mutagenic effect of Uzun apple genotype

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 275 - 282, 15.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.975445

Abstract

In this study, some bioactive components, antioxidant and antibacterial properties and mutagenic effect values of Uzun apple variety grown in Kağızman district of Kars province and Ahıska city of Georgia were investigated. As a result of the study, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in Kağızman sample were determined as 93.66 mg GAE/100g and 15.87 mg EC/100g, while in Ahıska sample it was determined as 76.99 mg GAE/100g and 10.89 mg EC/100g, respectively. There was no significant difference between the antioxidant activity values of the genotypes (p>0.05). ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP values in Kağızman and Ahıska genotypes were determined as 66.86 and 60.93%; 70.97 and 72.57%; 870.81 and 874.45 µmol Fe II/g, respectively. When the results were examined, an antibacterial effect was detected only against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 in the extracts of both genotypes, and no effect was determined for the other test bacteria. No mutagenic effect was found in TA98 and TA100 strains at the tested doses of the extracts. As a result, it was determined that the difference in the growing region was effective only in the amount of total phenolic and flavonoid contents.

References

  • Abacı, Z. T. ve Sevindik, E. (2014). Ardahan bölgesinde yetiştirilen elma çeşitlerinin biyoaktif bileşiklerinin ve toplam antioksidan kapasitesinin belirlenmesi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(2), 175-184.
  • Abbasoğlu, U., Tosun, F. and Aydınoğlu, A. (1995). Antimicrobial activity of Gonocytisus angulatus (L.) Spach. FABAD Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20, 125-127.
  • Alberto, M. R., Rinsdahl Canavosio, M. A. and Manca de Nadra, M. C. (2006). Antimicrobial effect of polyphenols from apple skins on human bacterial pathogens. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 9(3), 205-209. https://doi.org/10.2225/vol9-issue3-fulltext-1
  • Anonim (2021). Anadolu Ajansı (2021, 16 Haziran) Erişim adresi https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/tescilli-uzun-elma-pazara-indi-/1597075.
  • Aslantaş, R. and Karabulut, H. (2007). Rakımın meyve yetiştiriciliğinde önemi ve etkileri. Alınteri Zirai Bilimler Dergisi, 12, 31-37.
  • Bahukhandi, A., Dhyani, P., Bhatt, I. D. and Rawal, R. S. (2018). Variation in polyphenolics and antioxidant activity of traditional apple cultivars from West Himalaya, Uttarakhand. Horticultural Plant Journal, 4(4), 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2018.05.001
  • Bakhshi, D. and Arakawa, O. (2006). Effects of UV-b irradiation on phenolic compound accumulation and antioxidant activity in ‘Jonathan’ apple influenced by bagging, temperature and maturation. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment, 4(1), 75-79. https://doi.org/10.1234/4.2006.698
  • Balık, S. (2016). Kağızman yöresinde yetiştirilen ‘uzun elma’ yerel çeşidinde klon seleksiyonu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Iğdır.
  • Benvenuti, S., Pellati, F. Melegar, M. and Bertelli. D. (2004). Polyphenols, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and radical scavenging activity of Rubus, Ribes and Aronia. Journal of Food Science, 69, 164-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb13352.x
  • Benzie, I. F. F. and Strain, J. J. (1996). The ferric reducing Ability of plasma (FRAB) as a measure of “Antioxidant power”: The FRAB assay. Analitic Biochemistry, 239, 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996. 0292
  • Boyer J. and Liu R. H. (2004). Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutrition Journal, 3, 5-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-3-5
  • Drogoudi, P. D. and Pantelidis, G. (2011). Effects of position on canopy and harvest time on fruit physico chemical and antioxidant properties in different apple cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 129, 752-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.05.036
  • Duda-Chodak, A., Tarko, T. and Tuszyński, T. (2011). Antioxidant activity of apples an impact of maturity stage and fruit part. Acta scientiarum polonorum. Technologia alimentaria, 10(4), 443-454.
  • Duda-Chodak, A., Tarko, T., Satora, P., Sroka, P. and Tuszyński ,T. (2010). The profile of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of selected apple cultivars grown in Poland. Journal of Fruit Ornamental Plant Research, 18(2), 39-50.
  • Erbil, N., Arslan, M., Murathan, Z. T., Ilcim, A. and Borekci, B. S. (2020). Some biological effects of the fruits and leaves of different apple cultivars, including red-fleshed apples, grown in a microclimatic region of Turkey: Part I. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 62(4), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-020-00527-5
  • Erbil, N., Murathan, Z. T., Arslan, M., Ilcim, A. and Sayin, B. (2018). Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activities of five Turkish pear cultivars. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 60(3), 203-209. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/S10341-017-0359-1
  • Erkmen, O. (2016). Laboratory Techniques in Microbiology. Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy, Ankara, Turkey.
  • FAO Statical Databases. (2021, 17 Haziran). Erişim adresi http://faostat.fao.org.
  • Giomaro, G., Karioti, A., Bilia, A.R., Bucchini, A., Giamperi, L., Ricci. D. and Fraternale, D. (2014). Polyphenols profile and antioxidant activity of skin and pulp of a rare apple from Marche region (Italy). Chemistry Central Journal, 8, 45. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/1752-153X-8-45
  • Güleryüz, M. ve Ercişli, S. (1995). Kağızman ilçesinde yetiştirilen mahalli elma çeşitleri üzerinde biyolojik ve pomolojik araştırmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(2), 183-193.
  • Jin, W. L., Eun, J. M., Ji, E.C., Yang, H. J., Hari, J., Ji, Y. J., Qinghao, J., Hee, N. C., Bang, Y. H. and Mi, K. L. (2016). Effect of Korean Red Ginseng extraction conditions on antioxidant activity, extraction yield, and ginsenoside Rg1 and phenolic content: optimization using response surface methodology. Journal of Ginseng Research, 40, 229-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2015.08.001
  • Kılınç, B., Yalçın, H. T. ve Sürengil, G. (2018). Meyve kabuklarının antimikrobiyal özellikleri ile yenilebilir film üretiminde kullanım potansiyelinin belirlenmesi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 144-157.
  • Koday, Z. (2004). Kağızman ilçesinde meyvecilik. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 9(12), 189-206.
  • Lee, C. Y. and Smith, N. L. (2000). Apples: an important source of antioxidants in the American diet. New York Fruit Quarterly, 8(2), 15-17.
  • Lotito, S. and Frei, B. (2004). Relevance of apple plyphenols as antioxidants in human plasma: contrasting in vitro and in vivo effects. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 36, 201-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.10.005
  • Macit, İ., Aydın, E., Tas, A. and Gundogdu, M. (2021). Fruit quality properties of the local apple varieties of Anatolia. Sustainability, 13(11), 6127. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116127
  • Maron, D. M. and Ames, B. N. (1983). Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutation Research, 113, 173-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/ 0165-1161(83)90010-9
  • Podsędek, A., Wilska-Jeszka, J., Anders, B. and Markowski, J. (2000). Compositional characterization of some apple varieties. European Journal of Food Research and Technologies, 210, 368-372. https://doi.org/10,1007/s002179900101
  • Quettier-Deleu, C., Gressier, B., Vasseur, J., Dine, T., Brunet, J., Luyck, M., Cazin, M., Cazin, J. C., Bailleul, F. and Trotin, F. (2000). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00196-3
  • Quitral, V., Sepúlveda, M. and Schwartz, M. (2013). Antioxidant capacity and total polyphenol content in different apple varieties cultivated in Chile. Revista Iberoamericana Tecnología Postcosecha, 14, 31-39.
  • Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M. and Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 26, 1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  • Rop, O., Jurikova, T., Sochor, J., Mlcek, J. and Kramarova, D. (2011). Antioxidant capacity, scavenging radical activity and selected chemical composition of native apple cultivars from central europe. Journal of Food Quality, 34, 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.2011.00387.x
  • Spanos, G. A. and Wrolstad, R. E. (1992). Phenolic of apple, pear and white grape juices and their changes with processing and storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40(9), 1478-1487. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a002
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK). (2021, 17 Haziran). Erişim adresi http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Uysal, N. E. (2011). Determination of antibacterial activities of Taraxacum farinosum Hausskn. Et Bornm. and Taraxacum mirabile Wagenitz extracts. Master Thesis, Selçuk University, Institute of Sciences, Konya, Turkey.
  • Wan-Ibrahim, W. I., Sidik, K. and Kuppusamy, U. R. (2010). A high antioxidant level in edible plants is associated with genotoxic properties. Food Chemistry, 122(4), 1139-1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.101
  • Yoshizawa, Y., Sakurai, K., Kawaii, S., Asari, M., Soejima, J. and Murofushi, N. (2005). Comparison of antiproliferative and antioxidant properties among nineteen apple cultivars. HortScience, 40(5), 1204-1207. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.40.5.1204
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Zehra Tuğba Murathan 0000-0002-1468-7240

Mehmet Arslan 0000-0001-9553-2306

Nurcan Erbil 0000-0002-9015-1798

Publication Date January 15, 2022
Submission Date August 2, 2021
Acceptance Date December 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Murathan, Z. T., Arslan, M., & Erbil, N. (2022). Uzun elma genotipinin antioksidan ve antibakteriyel aktivitesi ile mutajenik etki değeri üzerine yetiştiricilik bölgesinin etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 275-282. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.975445