Yarının Tehditleri: Yapay Zekâ-Güçlendirilmiş Siber Saldırıların Uluslararası İlişkiler Üzerindeki Etkileri

Year 2024, Issue: War and International System, 109 - 130, 30.12.2024

Esra Merve Çalışkan

Abstract

Yapay zekâ (YZ) gelişimi ile birçok sektörde devrim yaratmıştır, ancak kötü niyetli kullanıldığında yeni tehditler de oluşturması muhtemeldir. Bu çalışmada, yapay zekâ kullanılarak devlet ve devlet dışı aktörlerin daha sofistike siber saldırılar gerçekleştirmesinin nasıl etkiler doğurabileceği ve bu durumun uluslararası ilişkiler ve küresel güvenlik açısından olası sonuçları incelenmektedir. Siber saldırı tespiti, YZ’deki hızlı gelişmeler nedeniyle daha otomatik, daha hedefli ve daha zorlu hale gelmiştir. Yapay zekâ sayesinde, düşmanlar artık insanları taklit edebilmekte, verileri değiştirebilmekte, konuşmaları dinleyebilmekte ve sistem zayıflıklarını daha önce hiç görülmemiş bir ölçekte kullanabilmektedir. Kontrol edilmeyen YZ-destekli siber saldırılar diplomatik ilişkileri baltalama, hükümetler arasında askerî çatışma olasılığını artırma ve ekonomiyi istikrarsızlaştırma kapasitesine sahiptir. Bu riskleri azaltmak için uluslararası toplumun yeni yasal çerçevelere ve teknolojik önlemlere ihtiyacı olacaktır. YZ siber silahlarının gelişimini sınırlandırmak, dirençli sistemler geliştirmek ve siber uzayda sorumlu devlet faaliyeti için kılavuz ilkeler oluşturmak için uluslararası iş birliği gereklidir. İş birliği ve öngörü yoluyla, yoğunlaştırılmış siber savaş olasılığını azaltırken YZ’nin potansiyeline ulaşılabilmesi daha olasıdır. Bu makale, YZ tabanlı siber saldırıların etkilerinin olasılığını azaltmak için geniş bir literatür perspektifi ortaya koymakta ve hem yasal hem de teknolojik çözümler için öneriler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Yapay Zekâ, Siber Saldırılar, Siber Çatışma, Siber Güvenlik, Uluslararası Güvenlik

Thanks

TÜBİTAK BİDEB 2214-A desteği kapsamında süren araştırmalarım sırasında tamamladığım bu çalışma için TÜBİTAK'a teşekkür ederim.

The Threat of Tomorrow: Impacts of Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Cyber-attacks on International Relations

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized many sectors with its development, but it is also likely to pose new threats when used maliciously. This study examines the implications of state and nonstate actors using AI to conduct more sophisticated cyber-attacks and their potential consequences for international relations and global security. Cyber-attack detection has become more automated, targeted, and challenging due to rapid advances in AI. Thanks to AI, adversaries can now impersonate humans, manipulate data, eavesdrop on conversations, and exploit system weaknesses on an unprecedented scale. Unchecked, AI-enabled cyber-attacks can undermine diplomatic relations, increase the likelihood of military conflict between governments, and destabilize the economy. The international community will need new legal frameworks and technological measures to mitigate these risks. International cooperation is necessary to limit the development of AI cyber weapons, develop robust systems, and establish guidelines for responsible state activity in cyberspace. Through cooperation and foresight, the potential of AI is more likely to be achieved while reducing the likelihood of intensified cyber warfare. This paper provides a broad literature perspective and offers recommendations for both legal and technological solutions to reduce the likelihood of the effects of AI-based cyber-attacks.

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Cyber-attacks, Cyber Conflict, Cyber Security, International Security

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