Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

DIVERGENCE IN THE HUMAN RIGHTS THEORY: TRADITIONAL, POLITICAL AND LEGAL

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 961 - 996, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270

Abstract

Some arguments that appear in the contemporary human rights theory seem to display that there is a positioning based on the moral, political or legal features of these rights. This has resulted in the appearance of three different approaches parallel to those features. In this respect, certain questions such as the source, definition, limit, function, and liability of human rights are being answered by those names who adopt and suggest the very approaches that are named as: traditional, political or legal. The purpose of this study, is to indicate the diverging points and to clarify the key concepts which find place in the international scholarship and to familiarize the national reader with these views. In this respect, the study would also maintain the possibility to observe the interrelation between the approaches and their criticisms against one another.

References

  • AYBAY, Rona, İnsan Hakları Evrensel Bildirisi ve Türkiye (1945-1948), Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2016.
  • BEITZ, Charles, The Idea of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, New York, 2009.
  • BEITZ, Charles, “The Force of Substantive Rights” Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 535-555).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “Human Rights Moral, Political, or Legal: First Steps in a Legal Theory of Human Rights”, The Role of Ethics in International Law, (ed D.E. Childress) Cambridge University Press: USA, 2012, (s. 211-246).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “The Egalitarian Dimension of Human Rights”, Arkiv für Rechts und Sozialphilosophie Beiheft, Cilt:136, 2012, (s. 19-52).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “Human Rights and Constitutional Law” Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights, (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 279-300).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “Legal Human Rights Theory”, A Companion to Applied Philosophy, (eds. K. Rasmussen/ K. Brownlee/ D. Coady), Wiley-Blackwell, 1. Baskı, 2017, (s. 328-342).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “International Human Rights Law and Mirrors” Esil Reflections, Cilt:7, Sayı: 2, 2018, (s. 1-11).
  • BEYLEVELD, Deryck, “What is Gewirth and What is Beyleveld?”, Ethical Rationalism and the Law, (eds. P. Capps/ S. Pattinson), Hart Publishing , 2017, (s. 233-255).
  • BEYLEVELD, Deryck/BROWNSWORD Roger, Human Dignity in BioEthics and Biolaw, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • BUCHANAN, Alan, “Human Rights and the Legitimacy of the International Order” Legal Theory, Cilt: 14, 2008, (s. 39-70).
  • BUCHANAN, Alan, The Heart of Human Rights, Oxford University Press: New York, I. Baskı, 2013.
  • DOUZINAS, Costas, Hukuk Adalet ve İnsan Hakları (Çeviren ve sunanlar: R. Sağlam/ K. Akbaş), NotaBene Yayınları, 2. Baskı, 2016.
  • ERDOĞAN, Mustafa, İnsan Hakları Teorisi ve Hukuku, Hukuk Yayınları, 7. Baskı, 2019.
  • FREEMAN, Michael, “The Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights” Human Rights Quarterly, Cilt: 16, Sayı: 3, 1994, (s. 491-514).
  • GEWIRTH, Alan, “The Basis and Content of Human Rights”, Georgia Law Review, Cilt: 13, 1978, (s. 1143-1170).
  • GEWIRTH, Alan, “Why There Are Human Rights”, Social Theory and Practice, Cilt: 11, Sayı: 2, 1985, (s. 235-248).
  • GEWIRTH, Alan, The Community of Rights, University of Chicago Press: USA, 1998.
  • GÖZLER, Kemal, İnsan Hakları Hukuku, Ekin Yayıncılık: Bursa, 2017.
  • GRIFFIN, James, On Human Rights, Oxford University Press, I. Baskı, 2008.
  • GRIFFIN, James, “Human Rights and the Autonomy of International Law”, The Philosophy of International Law, (eds. S. Besson, /J. Tasioulas), Oxford University Press: New York, 2010, (s. 339-357).
  • HUSAK, N. Douglas, “Why There Are No Human Rights”, Social Theory and Practice, Cilt: 10, Sayı: 2, 1984, (s. 125-141).
  • KOHEN, Ari, “The Possibility of Secular Human Rights”, Human Rights Review ,Cilt: 7 , Sayı: 1, 2005, (s. 49-75).
  • KUÇURADİ, İoanna, İnsan Hakları Kavramı ve Sorunları, Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu: Ankara, 2007.
  • KUÇURADİ, İoanna, İnsan Haklarının Felsefi Temelleri, Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu: Ankara, 2009.
  • LIAO, S., ETINSON, A.,“Political and Naturalistic Conceptions of Human Rights: A False Polemic”, Journal of Moral Philosophy, Cilt: 9, 2012, (s. 327-352).
  • MACINTYRE Alasdair, After Virtue, University of Notre Dame Press: Indiana, 3. Baskı, 2007.
  • Maritain Jacques, Human Rights: Comments and Interpretations A Symposium Edited by Unesco, UNESCO Publications, 1948.
  • O’NEILL, Onora, “Response to John Tasioulas” Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights, (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 71-79).
  • POGGE, Thomas, World Povery and Human Rights, Polity, 2002.
  • POGGE, Thomas, “The International Significance of Human Rights”, The Journal of Ethics, Cilt: 4 Sayı: (1/2), 2000, (s. 45- 69).
  • RAZ, Joseph, “Human Rights Without Foundations” The Philosophy of International Law, (eds. S. Besson, /J. Tasioulas), Oxford, 2010, (s. 321-339).
  • ROSEN, Michael, Dignity: Its History and Meaning, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
  • RAWLS, John, The Law of Peoples: With the Idea of Public Reason Revisited , II. Baskı, Harvard University Press, 2000.
  • RORTY, Richard, “Human Rights Rationality and Sentimentality” On Human Rights: Oxford Amnesty lectures, (eds. S. Shute, S. Hurley), BasicBooks, 1993, (s.111-135).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Human Rights, Universality and the Values Of Personhood: Retracing Griffin’s Steps” , European Journal of Philosophy, Cilt: 10, Sayı: 1, 2002, (s. 79-100).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Are Human Rights Essentially Triggers for Intervention” Philosophy Compass, Cilt: 4, Sayı: 6, 2009, (s. 938-950).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Taking Rights out of Human Rights” Ethics, Cilt: 120, 2010, (s. 647-78).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Towards a Philosophy of Human Rights”, Current Legal Problems, Cilt: 65, 2012, (s. 1-30).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Human Rights, Legitimacy and International Law”, The American Journal of Jurisprudence, Cilt: 58, Sayı: 1, 2013, (s. 1-25).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “On the Foundations of Human Rights”, Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights,( (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 45-71).
  • TEPE, Harun, İnsan Hakları Felsefesi, Bilgesu Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • TEPE, Harun, “İnsan Hakları Eleştirileri Üzerine Düşünmek” , Posseible Düşünme Dergisi, Sayı: 16, 2019, (s.7-18).
  • Tesmeralsekdiz (İnsan Hakları Nasıl Hak Hangi İnsan), (eds. B. Eren/ E. Koyuncu), Sayı: 4, 2009.
  • UYGUN, Oktay, Devlet Teorisi, On İki Levha Yayıncılık, 2014.
  • WARD, Tony, “Two Schools of Legal Idealism: A Positivist Introduction”, Ratio Juris, Cilt: 19, Sayı: 2, 2006, (s. 127-140).

İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 961 - 996, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270

Abstract

Güncel insan hakları teorisinde yer alan tartışmalar, bu hakların; ahlâki, politik veya hukuki yönlerinden birinden hareketle bir tutum alındığını sergilemektedir. Bu durumsa, bu özelliklere paralel ve bugün kabul gören üç farklı yaklaşımın ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Bu bağlamda insan haklarının kaynağı, tanımı, sınırı, işlevi ve yükledikleri gibi bazı sorular; geleneksel, politik ve hukuki olarak adlandırılan yaklaşımlardan birinden yana olan ve kimi zaman bu yaklaşımları bizzat ortaya atan kimi isimler üzerinden cevaplandırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası insan hakları literatüründe yer bulan bu ayrımdaki kimi ayrıştırıcı noktalara ve kilit kavramlara işaret etmek ve söz konusu ayrımda rol oynayan belli başlı görüşleri ulusal literatüre kazandırmaktır. Bu doğrultuda, bu çalışmada, ilgili görüşlere ilişkin kimi eleştirileri ve yaklaşımların birbirleriyle etkileşimini gözlemlemek mümkün olacaktır.

References

  • AYBAY, Rona, İnsan Hakları Evrensel Bildirisi ve Türkiye (1945-1948), Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2016.
  • BEITZ, Charles, The Idea of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, New York, 2009.
  • BEITZ, Charles, “The Force of Substantive Rights” Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 535-555).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “Human Rights Moral, Political, or Legal: First Steps in a Legal Theory of Human Rights”, The Role of Ethics in International Law, (ed D.E. Childress) Cambridge University Press: USA, 2012, (s. 211-246).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “The Egalitarian Dimension of Human Rights”, Arkiv für Rechts und Sozialphilosophie Beiheft, Cilt:136, 2012, (s. 19-52).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “Human Rights and Constitutional Law” Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights, (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 279-300).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “Legal Human Rights Theory”, A Companion to Applied Philosophy, (eds. K. Rasmussen/ K. Brownlee/ D. Coady), Wiley-Blackwell, 1. Baskı, 2017, (s. 328-342).
  • BESSON, Samantha, “International Human Rights Law and Mirrors” Esil Reflections, Cilt:7, Sayı: 2, 2018, (s. 1-11).
  • BEYLEVELD, Deryck, “What is Gewirth and What is Beyleveld?”, Ethical Rationalism and the Law, (eds. P. Capps/ S. Pattinson), Hart Publishing , 2017, (s. 233-255).
  • BEYLEVELD, Deryck/BROWNSWORD Roger, Human Dignity in BioEthics and Biolaw, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • BUCHANAN, Alan, “Human Rights and the Legitimacy of the International Order” Legal Theory, Cilt: 14, 2008, (s. 39-70).
  • BUCHANAN, Alan, The Heart of Human Rights, Oxford University Press: New York, I. Baskı, 2013.
  • DOUZINAS, Costas, Hukuk Adalet ve İnsan Hakları (Çeviren ve sunanlar: R. Sağlam/ K. Akbaş), NotaBene Yayınları, 2. Baskı, 2016.
  • ERDOĞAN, Mustafa, İnsan Hakları Teorisi ve Hukuku, Hukuk Yayınları, 7. Baskı, 2019.
  • FREEMAN, Michael, “The Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights” Human Rights Quarterly, Cilt: 16, Sayı: 3, 1994, (s. 491-514).
  • GEWIRTH, Alan, “The Basis and Content of Human Rights”, Georgia Law Review, Cilt: 13, 1978, (s. 1143-1170).
  • GEWIRTH, Alan, “Why There Are Human Rights”, Social Theory and Practice, Cilt: 11, Sayı: 2, 1985, (s. 235-248).
  • GEWIRTH, Alan, The Community of Rights, University of Chicago Press: USA, 1998.
  • GÖZLER, Kemal, İnsan Hakları Hukuku, Ekin Yayıncılık: Bursa, 2017.
  • GRIFFIN, James, On Human Rights, Oxford University Press, I. Baskı, 2008.
  • GRIFFIN, James, “Human Rights and the Autonomy of International Law”, The Philosophy of International Law, (eds. S. Besson, /J. Tasioulas), Oxford University Press: New York, 2010, (s. 339-357).
  • HUSAK, N. Douglas, “Why There Are No Human Rights”, Social Theory and Practice, Cilt: 10, Sayı: 2, 1984, (s. 125-141).
  • KOHEN, Ari, “The Possibility of Secular Human Rights”, Human Rights Review ,Cilt: 7 , Sayı: 1, 2005, (s. 49-75).
  • KUÇURADİ, İoanna, İnsan Hakları Kavramı ve Sorunları, Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu: Ankara, 2007.
  • KUÇURADİ, İoanna, İnsan Haklarının Felsefi Temelleri, Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu: Ankara, 2009.
  • LIAO, S., ETINSON, A.,“Political and Naturalistic Conceptions of Human Rights: A False Polemic”, Journal of Moral Philosophy, Cilt: 9, 2012, (s. 327-352).
  • MACINTYRE Alasdair, After Virtue, University of Notre Dame Press: Indiana, 3. Baskı, 2007.
  • Maritain Jacques, Human Rights: Comments and Interpretations A Symposium Edited by Unesco, UNESCO Publications, 1948.
  • O’NEILL, Onora, “Response to John Tasioulas” Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights, (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 71-79).
  • POGGE, Thomas, World Povery and Human Rights, Polity, 2002.
  • POGGE, Thomas, “The International Significance of Human Rights”, The Journal of Ethics, Cilt: 4 Sayı: (1/2), 2000, (s. 45- 69).
  • RAZ, Joseph, “Human Rights Without Foundations” The Philosophy of International Law, (eds. S. Besson, /J. Tasioulas), Oxford, 2010, (s. 321-339).
  • ROSEN, Michael, Dignity: Its History and Meaning, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
  • RAWLS, John, The Law of Peoples: With the Idea of Public Reason Revisited , II. Baskı, Harvard University Press, 2000.
  • RORTY, Richard, “Human Rights Rationality and Sentimentality” On Human Rights: Oxford Amnesty lectures, (eds. S. Shute, S. Hurley), BasicBooks, 1993, (s.111-135).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Human Rights, Universality and the Values Of Personhood: Retracing Griffin’s Steps” , European Journal of Philosophy, Cilt: 10, Sayı: 1, 2002, (s. 79-100).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Are Human Rights Essentially Triggers for Intervention” Philosophy Compass, Cilt: 4, Sayı: 6, 2009, (s. 938-950).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Taking Rights out of Human Rights” Ethics, Cilt: 120, 2010, (s. 647-78).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Towards a Philosophy of Human Rights”, Current Legal Problems, Cilt: 65, 2012, (s. 1-30).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “Human Rights, Legitimacy and International Law”, The American Journal of Jurisprudence, Cilt: 58, Sayı: 1, 2013, (s. 1-25).
  • TASIOULAS, John, “On the Foundations of Human Rights”, Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights,( (eds. R. Cruft /M. Liao/ M. Renzo), Oxford University Press, Croydon, 2015, (s. 45-71).
  • TEPE, Harun, İnsan Hakları Felsefesi, Bilgesu Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • TEPE, Harun, “İnsan Hakları Eleştirileri Üzerine Düşünmek” , Posseible Düşünme Dergisi, Sayı: 16, 2019, (s.7-18).
  • Tesmeralsekdiz (İnsan Hakları Nasıl Hak Hangi İnsan), (eds. B. Eren/ E. Koyuncu), Sayı: 4, 2009.
  • UYGUN, Oktay, Devlet Teorisi, On İki Levha Yayıncılık, 2014.
  • WARD, Tony, “Two Schools of Legal Idealism: A Positivist Introduction”, Ratio Juris, Cilt: 19, Sayı: 2, 2006, (s. 127-140).
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Law in Context
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Elif Çelik

Publication Date December 29, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çelik, E. (2021). İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 961-996. https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270
AMA Çelik E. İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR. Hacettepe HFD. December 2021;11(2):961-996. doi:10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270
Chicago Çelik, Elif. “İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR”. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11, no. 2 (December 2021): 961-96. https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270.
EndNote Çelik E (December 1, 2021) İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11 2 961–996.
IEEE E. Çelik, “İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR”, Hacettepe HFD, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 961–996, 2021, doi: 10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270.
ISNAD Çelik, Elif. “İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR”. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11/2 (December 2021), 961-996. https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270.
JAMA Çelik E. İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR. Hacettepe HFD. 2021;11:961–996.
MLA Çelik, Elif. “İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR”. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 2, 2021, pp. 961-96, doi:10.32957/hacettepehdf.905270.
Vancouver Çelik E. İNSAN HAKLARI TEORİSİNDEKİ GELENEKSEL, POLİTİK VE HUKUKİ AYRIŞMALAR. Hacettepe HFD. 2021;11(2):961-96.