BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER BARIŞ GÜCÜ PERSONELİNİN CEZAİ SORUMLULUĞU: ULUSLARARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİNİN YARGILAMA YETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Abstract
Barışı koruma operasyonları, uluslararası barış ve güvenliğin korunması ve sürekliliğinin sağlanması bakımından Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından başvurulan en etkili araçlardan biridir. Ancak özellikle Soğuk Savaş sonrasında gerçekleştirilen barış operasyonlarının sayısındaki orantısız artış, birçok olumsuzluğu da beraberinde getirmiştir. Barış gücü personelinin eğitilmesi konusundaki fiziki ve finansal yetersizlikler, müdahalede bulunulan bölgedeki çatışma ortamının yoğunluğu, personelin sorumluluklarının işletilmesi konusundaki hukuki denetimin zayıflığı hem barış güçlerinin meşruiyetinin hem de denetim mekanizmalarının etkinliğinin sorgulanmasına yol açmıştır. Birçok barış gücü mensubu, Kosova, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti, Kamboçya, Mozambik, Haiti ve Somali’de, cinsel taciz, fiziksel-cinsel istismar, insan kaçakçılığı, insan ticareti ve köleleştirme, yolsuzluk, altın kaçakçılığı ve silahsız isyancılara silah sağlama, sivil-asker ayrımı gözetmeksizin ateş açılması gibi suçları işlemekle itham edilmişlerdir. Bu iddialar, barış gücü mensuplarının hem insan hakları hukuku hem de insancıl hukuk bakımından cezai sorumlulukları rejiminin “etkin” bir şekilde işletilmesini gerekli kılmıştır. Bu nedenle çalışma, Kuvvetlerin Statüsü Anlaşmaları ile “yalnızca gönderen devlete” verilen yargılama yetkisine alternatif olarak, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesinin yargılama yetkisinin kapsamını analiz edecektir. Mahkemenin yargılama yetkisine giren suçlar olan soykırım, insanlığa karşı suçlar, savaş suçu ve saldırı suçu inceleme konusu yapılarak, BM personelini bu suçlardan yargılama yetkisinin boyutu interdisipliner bir bakış açısıyla incelenecektir.
Keywords
Birleşmiş Milletler Barış Operasyonları Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi Soykırım Suçu İnsanlığa Karşı Suçlar Savaş Suçları
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Abstract
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Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Criminal Law, Law in Context (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2024 |
| Submission Date | January 5, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | March 5, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 1 |
