Kuraklık stresinin Triticum spelta genotiplerinin verim ve verim bileşenleri üzerine olan etkileri

Year 2023, , 83 - 93, 24.03.2023

Yusuf Tutuş , Halil Erdem

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1241691

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Kuraklık, tarımsal üretimde önemli verim kayıplarına neden olan önemli bir çevresel strestir.
Kuraklık stresi bitkilerin büyüme ve gelişimi üzerine olan olumsuz etkilerinin yanında ürünlerin
kalitesi üzerinde de önemli etki yapar. Çalışmada hekzaploid yabani buğday türü olan Triticum
spelta genotiplerinin kuraklığa karşı dayanıklılıkları test edilmiştir. 18 farklı T. spelta genotipi ile
sera koşullarında yürütülen çalışma tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 4’er tekerrürlü
olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma 3 farklı su stresi uygulaması (TK70-kontrol, TK35, TK45)
altında yapılmıştır. Tane olgunluk döneminde bitkiler hasat edilmiş ve bitkilerde kuru madde
verimi, tane verimi, 1000 tane ağırlığı, hasat indeks ile stres tolerans indeks değerleri ve
tanede N, P ve K konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, farklı su stresi uygulamaları
altındaki T. spelta genotiplerinin kontrol uygulamasına (TK70) göre TK35 ve TK45
uygulamalarında kuru madde verimleri, tane verimleri ve 1000 tane ağırlıklarında istat iksel
olarak (p<0.05) önemli oranlarda azalmaların olduğu görülmüştür. Kontrol koşullarına göre
TK35 ve TK45 uygulamalarında kuru madde verimi, tane verimi, hasat indeks ile stres tolerans
indeksi değerleri bakımından SP434, SP521 ve SP2 numaralı T. spelta genotiplerinde daha fazla
çıkmıştır. Kuraklık derecesinin artışı ile paralel şekilde genotiplerin tane N, P ve K
konsantrasyonlarının da önemli oranda (p<0.05) arttığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara
göre farklı T. spelta genotiplerinin kuraklığa karşı verdiği tepkilerin farklı olduğu ve SP434,
SP521 ve SP2 numaralı genotiplerin diğer genotiplere göre kuraklığa karşı daha toleranslı
olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

kuraklık, stres, yabani buğday, verim

Thanks

Bu çalışma, birinci yazarın ikinci yazar danışmanlığında hazırladığı yüksek lisans tezinden üretilmiştir.

Effects of Drought Stress on Yield and Yield Components of Triticum Spelta Genotypes

Abstract

Drought is an important environmental stress that causes significant yield losses in agricultural
production. Besides the negative effects of drought stress on the growth and development of
plants, it also has an important effect on the quality of the products. In the study, the drought
resistance of Triticum spelta genotypes, which is a hexaploid wild wheat species, was tested.
The study was carried out in greenhouse conditions with 18 different T. Spelta genotypes, in a
randomized plot design with 4 replications. The study was conducted under three different
drought treatments (TK35, TK45 and TK70-control). In plants harvested in the grain maturity
period; plant yield, grain yield, 1000 grain yield, harvest index, stress tolerance index and grain
N, P and K concentrations were determined. Compared to the control application (TK70) of all
T. Spelta genotypes tested under three different drought stresses, statistically significant
decreases were observed in the dry matter yields, grain yields and 1000 grain yields of the
genotypes (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in TK35 and TK45 applications. According to the control
conditions, plant yield, grain yield, harvest index and stress tolerance index values were higher
in SP434, SP521 and SP2 genotypes in TK35 and TK45 applications. It was found that the grain
N, P and K concentrations of the genotypes increased significantly (p<0.01, p<0.05) with the increase in the degree of drought. According to the results obtained, it was revealed that the responses of different T. Spelta genotypes to drought were different, and among the genotypes, the genotypes SP434, SP521 and SP2 were more resistant to drought than other genotypes.

Keywords

drought, stress, wild wheat, yield

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