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Tuz (NaCl) ve KNO3 uygulamalarının Hicaznar (Punica granatum L.) çeşidinde bazı bitki gelişim parametreleri üzerine etkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 280 - 289, 15.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.698914

Abstract

Nar, çeşitli iklim koşullarında kolaylıkla yetiştirilebilmesi, çoğaltma ve bakım işlerinin kolay olması, her yıl düzenli ve yüksek verim vermesi gibi nedenlerle büyük bir üretim potansiyeline sahiptir. Son yıllarda GAP Bölgesi’nde nar dikim alanlarında önemli artışlar meydana gelmiş ve bölgedeki ağaç sayısı bakımından Şanlıurfa ili ilk sırada yer almıştır. Tüm canlılarda olduğu gibi bitkiler de en iyi gelişimi kendileri için optimum olan koşullarda gösterirler. Ancak yaşamlarını sürdürdükleri alanlarda, gelişimlerini engelleyici bazı problemlerle (stres) karşılaşabilirler. En şiddetli abiyotik stres faktörlerinden biri olan tuzluluk, dünyada ve ülkemizde her geçen gün artan bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Nar, tuza orta dayanıklı bitkiler arasında yer alır ve tuzlu alanların üretime kazandırılmasında alternatif bir ürün olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu çalışma, farklı tuz seviyeleri altında yetiştirilen Hicaznar çeşidinde K uygulamalarının bitki gelişimi üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Saksı içerisinde perlit ortamında yetiştirilen bitkilere 4 farklı tuz uygulaması (0, 100, 200 ve 300 mM) ile beraber tuzun etkisini azaltmak amacıyla potasyum nitrat (0 ve 10 mM) uygulaması yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda tuz uygulamasının bitki boyu, gövde çapı, yan dal sayısı, yaprak sayısı, yaprak alanı ve klorofil içeriklerini önemli oranda azalttığı, ancak potasyum uygulamaları ile gövde çapı, yaprak sayısı ve klorofil içeriği gibi parametrelerde tuzun olumsuz etkisinin hafiflediği belirlenmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Harran Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koodinatörlüğü

Project Number

17070

References

  • Anonim, (2015). Statistical data of FAO. Retrieved from: http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.asp.
  • Bhantana, P. ve Lazarovitch, N. (2010). Evapotranspiration, crop coefficient and growth of two young pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties under salt stress. Agricultural Water Management 97 (5): 715-722. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.12.016
  • Çağlayan, A. ve Demoğlu, E. (2005). Çiftçi şartlarında potasyumlu gübrelemenin verim ve kaliteye olan etkisi. Tarımda Potasyumun Yeri ve Önemi. Ege Üniversitesi 50. Yıl Kampüs Dışı Etkinlikleri,: 209-213. 3-4 Ekim. Eskişehir.
  • Demirel, K., Çamoğlu, G., İnalpulat, M., Kahrıman, F. ve Genç, L. (2014). Tuz ve potasyum uygulamalarının mısırın yaprak ve su durumu ile bazı agronomik ve yansıma özelliklerine etkileri. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2 (1): 1-9.
  • Gimeno, V., Syvertsen, J.P., Nieves, M.,Simo´N, I. Martı´Nez, V. ve Garcı´A-Sa´Nchez, F. (2009). Additional nitrogen fertilization affects salt tolerance of lemon trees on different rootstocks. Scientia Horticulturae. 121(3)298–305. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2009.02.019
  • Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K. ve Fujita, M. (2013). Plant response to salt stress and role of exogenous protectants to mitigate salt-induced damages. Ecophysiology and Responses of Plants Under Salt Stress. pp 25-87. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4747-4_2
  • Hojjatnooghi, F., Mozafari, V., Tajabadipour, A. ve Hokmabadi, H. (2014). Effects of salinity and calcium on the growth and chemical composition of pistachio seedlings. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 37(6):928-941. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2014.888737
  • Flowers T.J. ve Flowers S.A. (2005). Why does salinity pose such a difficult problem for plant breeders? Agricultural Water Management, 78(1):15–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2005.04.015
  • Iglesias, D. J., Levy, Y.,Gomez-Cadenas, A., Tadeo, F. R., Primo-Millo, E. ve Talon, M. (2004). Nitrate improves growth in salt-stressed citrus seedlings through effects on photosynthetic activity and chloride accumulation. Tree Physiology 24(9), 1027–1034. DOI: 10.1093/treephys/24.9.1027
  • Jain, B.L. ve Dass, H.C. (1988). Effect of saline water on pomegranate of sapling of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana). Indian cherry (Cordia dichotoma var. Wallichu) and pomegranate (Punica granatum) at nursery stage. Indian. Journal of. Agricultural. Science. 58(5): 420-421.
  • Kacar, (2005). Potasyumun bitkilerde işlevleri ve kalite üzerine etkileri. Tarımda potasyumun yeri ve önemi. Ege Üniversitesi 50. Yıl Kampüs Dışı Etkinlikleri, 164-172. 3-4 Ekim. Eskişehir.
  • Kamiab, F., Talaie, A., Khezri, M. ve Javanshah, A. (2013). Exogenous application of free polyamines enhance salt tolerance of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings. Plant Growth Regulation. 72 (3). DOI: 10.1007/s10725-013-9857-9
  • Karimi, S., Rahemi, M., Maftoun, M. ve Tavallali, V. (2009). Effects of long-term salinity on growth and performance of two pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rootstocks. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3(3):1630–1639
  • Kaya, C., Ak, B. E. ve Higgs, D. (2003). Response of salt-stressed strawberry plants to supplementary calcium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 26(3): 543–560.
  • Kaya, C. ve Tuna A.L. (2005). Potasyumun tuz stresinde yetiştirilen bitkilerde rolü ve Önemi. Tarımda Potasyumun Yeri ve Önemi. Ege Üniversitesi 50. Yıl Kampüs Dışı Etkinlikleri. S. 164-172. 3-4 Ekim. Eskişehir.
  • Khayyat, M., Tehranifar, A., Davarynejad, G.H. ve Sayyari-Zahan, M.H. (2014). Vegetative growth, compatible solute accumulation, ion partitioning and chlorophyll fluorescence of ‘Malas-E-Saveh’ and ‘Shishe-Kab’ pomegranates in response to salinity stress. Photosynthetica 52 (2): 301-312, 2014.
  • Khoshbakht, D., Ghorbani, A., Baninasab, B., Naseri, L.A. ve Mirzaei, M. (2014). Effects of supplementary potassium nitrate on growth and gas-exchange characteristics of salt-stressed citrus seedlings. Photosynthetıca. 52 (4): 589-596.
  • Marakli, S. ve Gözükirmizi, N. (2016) Abiotic stress alleviation with brassinosteroids in plant roots. in Abiotic and Biotic Stress, Shanker, A.K. and Shanker, C., Eds., Rijeka: InTech , pp. 373–394.
  • Melgarejo, P., Martinez, J.J., Hernandez, F., Legua, P., Melgarejo-Sanchez, P. ve Martinez Font, R. (2012). The pomegrante tree in the world: Its problems and uses. II. International Symposium on the Pomegranate. Options Méditerranéennes. Spain. 103: 11- 26.
  • Munns, R. ve Tester M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 59(1): 651-681. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911 Murguia, J.R., Belles, J. M. ve Serrano, R. (1995). A salt-sensitive 3' (2'), 5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase involved in sulfate activation. Science. 267(5195):232-234. DOI: 10.1126/science.7809627
  • Naeini, M.R., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H. ve Fallahi, E. (2006). Partitioning of chlorine, sodium, and potassium and shoot growth of three pomegranate cultivars under different levels of salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 29(10): 1835–1843. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160600899352
  • Nemoto, Y. ve Sasakuma, T. (2002) Differential stress responses of early salt-stress responding genes in common wheat. Phytochemistry 61(2):129–133. DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00228-5
  • Patil, V.K. ve Waghmare, P.R. (1982). Salinity tolerance of pomegranate. Journal Maharashtra Agricultural University. 7: 268-269.
  • Rahev, E. ve Levy, Y. (2009). Effectof KNO3 fertilization and rootstock on grapefruit response to reclaimed, salinized water. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences. 59(2-4):177-186. DOI: 10.1560/IJPS.59.2-4.177.
  • Reddy, M. P. ve Vora, A. B. (1986). Changes in pigment composition, Hill reaction activity and saccharide metabolism in bajra (Pennisetum typhoides S&H) leaves under NaCl salinity. Photosynthetica 20, 50-55.
  • Rodriguez, P., Torrecillas, A., Morales, M. A., Ortuno, M. F. ve Sanchez-Blanco, M. J. (2005). Effects of NaCl salinity and water stress on growth and leaf water relations of Asteriscus maritimus plants. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 53(2):113-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2004.03.005
  • Sadeghi, F. ve Shekafandeh, A. (2013). Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on salinity-induced changes in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl). Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 87, 182–189. DOI:10.5073/JABFQ.2014.087.026
  • Süyüm, K. (2011). Karpuz genetik kaynaklarının tuzluluk ve kuraklığa tolerans seviyelerinin belirlenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Adana. Erişim adresi: http://traglor.cu.edu.tr/objects/objectFile/wdpjhWMH-1492013-53.pdf
  • Tabatabaei, S. J. (2006). Effects of salinity and N on the growth, photosynthesis and N status of olive (Olea europaea L.) trees. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(4): 432-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.02.016
  • Tsabarducas, V., Chatzistathis, T., Therios, I., Koukourikou-Petridou, M. ve Tananaki, C. (2015). Differential tolerance of 3 self-rooted Citrus limon cultivars to NaCl stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 97, 196-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.007

Effects of salt (NaCl) and KNO3 applications on some plant growth parameters in Hicaznar pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivar

Year 2020, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 280 - 289, 15.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.698914

Abstract

Pomegranate has a great production potential due to can be grown easily in various climatic conditions, easy to reproduce and maintain, and it is a species that gives regular and high yields per unit area every year. In recent years, significant increases have been observed in pomegranate planting areas and it is determined that Sanliurfa is the first row about the number of trees, in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Plants show the best growth in conditions that are optimal for them, but they may face some difficulties (stressors) in their living area which preventing their development. Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses factor and increase rapidly in our country and in the World day by day. There are significant differences about salt tolerances between plant species. Pomegranate is among the salt tolerant plant so, it can be accepted as an alternative in salty areas. This study was carried out to determine the effects of EBL and K applications on some plant growth parameters in Hicaznar pomegranate cultivar grown under different salt levels. In order to reduce the effect of salt (0, 100, 200 ve 300 mM), potassium nitrate (0 ve 10 mM) was applied to the plants grown in perlite medium in the pot. Salt applications were reduced significantly some plant growth parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, number of lateral branches, number of leaves, leaf area and chlorophyll content but, stem diameter, number of leaf and chlorophyll content increased by K application. We concluded that negative effect of salt stress can be alleviate by K application.

Project Number

17070

References

  • Anonim, (2015). Statistical data of FAO. Retrieved from: http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.asp.
  • Bhantana, P. ve Lazarovitch, N. (2010). Evapotranspiration, crop coefficient and growth of two young pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties under salt stress. Agricultural Water Management 97 (5): 715-722. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.12.016
  • Çağlayan, A. ve Demoğlu, E. (2005). Çiftçi şartlarında potasyumlu gübrelemenin verim ve kaliteye olan etkisi. Tarımda Potasyumun Yeri ve Önemi. Ege Üniversitesi 50. Yıl Kampüs Dışı Etkinlikleri,: 209-213. 3-4 Ekim. Eskişehir.
  • Demirel, K., Çamoğlu, G., İnalpulat, M., Kahrıman, F. ve Genç, L. (2014). Tuz ve potasyum uygulamalarının mısırın yaprak ve su durumu ile bazı agronomik ve yansıma özelliklerine etkileri. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2 (1): 1-9.
  • Gimeno, V., Syvertsen, J.P., Nieves, M.,Simo´N, I. Martı´Nez, V. ve Garcı´A-Sa´Nchez, F. (2009). Additional nitrogen fertilization affects salt tolerance of lemon trees on different rootstocks. Scientia Horticulturae. 121(3)298–305. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2009.02.019
  • Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K. ve Fujita, M. (2013). Plant response to salt stress and role of exogenous protectants to mitigate salt-induced damages. Ecophysiology and Responses of Plants Under Salt Stress. pp 25-87. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4747-4_2
  • Hojjatnooghi, F., Mozafari, V., Tajabadipour, A. ve Hokmabadi, H. (2014). Effects of salinity and calcium on the growth and chemical composition of pistachio seedlings. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 37(6):928-941. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2014.888737
  • Flowers T.J. ve Flowers S.A. (2005). Why does salinity pose such a difficult problem for plant breeders? Agricultural Water Management, 78(1):15–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2005.04.015
  • Iglesias, D. J., Levy, Y.,Gomez-Cadenas, A., Tadeo, F. R., Primo-Millo, E. ve Talon, M. (2004). Nitrate improves growth in salt-stressed citrus seedlings through effects on photosynthetic activity and chloride accumulation. Tree Physiology 24(9), 1027–1034. DOI: 10.1093/treephys/24.9.1027
  • Jain, B.L. ve Dass, H.C. (1988). Effect of saline water on pomegranate of sapling of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana). Indian cherry (Cordia dichotoma var. Wallichu) and pomegranate (Punica granatum) at nursery stage. Indian. Journal of. Agricultural. Science. 58(5): 420-421.
  • Kacar, (2005). Potasyumun bitkilerde işlevleri ve kalite üzerine etkileri. Tarımda potasyumun yeri ve önemi. Ege Üniversitesi 50. Yıl Kampüs Dışı Etkinlikleri, 164-172. 3-4 Ekim. Eskişehir.
  • Kamiab, F., Talaie, A., Khezri, M. ve Javanshah, A. (2013). Exogenous application of free polyamines enhance salt tolerance of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings. Plant Growth Regulation. 72 (3). DOI: 10.1007/s10725-013-9857-9
  • Karimi, S., Rahemi, M., Maftoun, M. ve Tavallali, V. (2009). Effects of long-term salinity on growth and performance of two pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rootstocks. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3(3):1630–1639
  • Kaya, C., Ak, B. E. ve Higgs, D. (2003). Response of salt-stressed strawberry plants to supplementary calcium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 26(3): 543–560.
  • Kaya, C. ve Tuna A.L. (2005). Potasyumun tuz stresinde yetiştirilen bitkilerde rolü ve Önemi. Tarımda Potasyumun Yeri ve Önemi. Ege Üniversitesi 50. Yıl Kampüs Dışı Etkinlikleri. S. 164-172. 3-4 Ekim. Eskişehir.
  • Khayyat, M., Tehranifar, A., Davarynejad, G.H. ve Sayyari-Zahan, M.H. (2014). Vegetative growth, compatible solute accumulation, ion partitioning and chlorophyll fluorescence of ‘Malas-E-Saveh’ and ‘Shishe-Kab’ pomegranates in response to salinity stress. Photosynthetica 52 (2): 301-312, 2014.
  • Khoshbakht, D., Ghorbani, A., Baninasab, B., Naseri, L.A. ve Mirzaei, M. (2014). Effects of supplementary potassium nitrate on growth and gas-exchange characteristics of salt-stressed citrus seedlings. Photosynthetıca. 52 (4): 589-596.
  • Marakli, S. ve Gözükirmizi, N. (2016) Abiotic stress alleviation with brassinosteroids in plant roots. in Abiotic and Biotic Stress, Shanker, A.K. and Shanker, C., Eds., Rijeka: InTech , pp. 373–394.
  • Melgarejo, P., Martinez, J.J., Hernandez, F., Legua, P., Melgarejo-Sanchez, P. ve Martinez Font, R. (2012). The pomegrante tree in the world: Its problems and uses. II. International Symposium on the Pomegranate. Options Méditerranéennes. Spain. 103: 11- 26.
  • Munns, R. ve Tester M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 59(1): 651-681. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911 Murguia, J.R., Belles, J. M. ve Serrano, R. (1995). A salt-sensitive 3' (2'), 5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase involved in sulfate activation. Science. 267(5195):232-234. DOI: 10.1126/science.7809627
  • Naeini, M.R., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H. ve Fallahi, E. (2006). Partitioning of chlorine, sodium, and potassium and shoot growth of three pomegranate cultivars under different levels of salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 29(10): 1835–1843. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160600899352
  • Nemoto, Y. ve Sasakuma, T. (2002) Differential stress responses of early salt-stress responding genes in common wheat. Phytochemistry 61(2):129–133. DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00228-5
  • Patil, V.K. ve Waghmare, P.R. (1982). Salinity tolerance of pomegranate. Journal Maharashtra Agricultural University. 7: 268-269.
  • Rahev, E. ve Levy, Y. (2009). Effectof KNO3 fertilization and rootstock on grapefruit response to reclaimed, salinized water. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences. 59(2-4):177-186. DOI: 10.1560/IJPS.59.2-4.177.
  • Reddy, M. P. ve Vora, A. B. (1986). Changes in pigment composition, Hill reaction activity and saccharide metabolism in bajra (Pennisetum typhoides S&H) leaves under NaCl salinity. Photosynthetica 20, 50-55.
  • Rodriguez, P., Torrecillas, A., Morales, M. A., Ortuno, M. F. ve Sanchez-Blanco, M. J. (2005). Effects of NaCl salinity and water stress on growth and leaf water relations of Asteriscus maritimus plants. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 53(2):113-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2004.03.005
  • Sadeghi, F. ve Shekafandeh, A. (2013). Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on salinity-induced changes in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl). Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 87, 182–189. DOI:10.5073/JABFQ.2014.087.026
  • Süyüm, K. (2011). Karpuz genetik kaynaklarının tuzluluk ve kuraklığa tolerans seviyelerinin belirlenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Adana. Erişim adresi: http://traglor.cu.edu.tr/objects/objectFile/wdpjhWMH-1492013-53.pdf
  • Tabatabaei, S. J. (2006). Effects of salinity and N on the growth, photosynthesis and N status of olive (Olea europaea L.) trees. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(4): 432-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.02.016
  • Tsabarducas, V., Chatzistathis, T., Therios, I., Koukourikou-Petridou, M. ve Tananaki, C. (2015). Differential tolerance of 3 self-rooted Citrus limon cultivars to NaCl stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 97, 196-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.007
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Horticultural Production
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Sibel Söylemez 0000-0001-8023-308X

Bekir Erol Ak 0000-0001-6938-942X

Project Number 17070
Publication Date September 15, 2020
Submission Date March 4, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 24 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Söylemez, S., & Ak, B. E. (2020). Tuz (NaCl) ve KNO3 uygulamalarının Hicaznar (Punica granatum L.) çeşidinde bazı bitki gelişim parametreleri üzerine etkileri. Harran Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(3), 280-289. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.698914

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