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Ekimden sonra uygulanan potasyum gübresinin pamuğun (Gossypium hirsutum L.) verim ve bazı lif teknolojik özelliklerine etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 215 - 227, 16.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1599352

Abstract

Bu çalışma, ekim sonrası farklı potasyum gübresi dozlarının pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum
L.) verimi ve lif özelliklerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla 2020-2021 yıllarında Şanlıurfa İli
Haliliye İlçesi’nde yürütülmüştür. Denemeler, tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller
deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Fiona pamuk çeşidi
kullanılarak 6 sıralı parsellerde (sıra arası 75 cm, sıra üzeri 5-6 cm) ekim yapılmıştır. Ana
parsellerde ekim sonrası gün sayısı (30, 40, 50 gün), alt parsellerde ise potasyum dozları
(kontrol, 10, 20, 30 kg da-1) değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, kütlü pamuk veriminin 396-520
kg da-1 arasında değiştiğini ve en yüksek verimin 50. gün 30 kg da-1 KCl uygulamasıyla elde
edildiğini göstermiştir (520 kg da-1). Bitki boyu 2020’de 77.95-85.41 cm, 2021’de 81.13-
87.63 cm arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek koza ağırlığı (6.97 g), 50. gün 30 kg da-1 KCl
uygulamasında 2021 yılında kaydedilmiştir. Meyve dalı ve koza sayıları yıllara göre değişim
göstermiş, en yüksek koza sayısı 40. gün 20 kg da-1 uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Lif
özellikleri açısından üniformite indeksi %82.23-%85.40 arasında, kısa lif oranı ise %6.70-
%11.70 arasında değişmiştir. Sonuç olarak, potasyum gübresi dozları pamuk verimi ve lif
kalitesini artırmakta etkili bulunmuş; özellikle 50. gün 30 kg da-1 KCl uygulaması en iyi
sonuçları vermiştir.

References

  • Adeli, A., Varco, J. J. (2014). Potassıum management effects on cotton yıeld, nutrıtıon, and soıl potassıum level* 1USDA-ARS, Waste Management and Forage Research Unit, 810 Highway 12 East, Mississippi State MS 39762-5367 2Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
  • Akhtar, M. E., Sardar, A., Ashraf, M., Akhtar, M., & Khan, M. Z. (2003). Effect of potash application on seed cotton yield and yield components of selected cotton varieties. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2(9), 602–604. BASF Türkiye Tarım Çözümleri. https://www.agro.basf.com.tr/tr/
  • Bumguardner, A. R. (2018). Soil potassium effects on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) growth, yield, and quality in the Texas high plains (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from
  • Çağlayan, A., Demoğlu, E. (2005). Çiftçi şartlarında potasyumlu gübrelemenin verim ve kaliteye olan etkisi. Tarımda potasyumun yeri ve önemi, 50, 209–213. Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Dinç, U., Şenol, S., Sarı, M., Yeşilsoy, Ş., Kaya, Z., Özbek, H., Sayın, M., Çolak, A., & Yeğingil, I. (1986). Harran Ovası Toprakları. In Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi Tarımsal Kalkınma Sempozyumu. Ankara.
  • Faircloth, J. C., Coco, A., & Clawson, E. (2004, July). Potassium requirements of cotton cultivars. News and Views, Potash & Phosphate Institute (PPI) and Potash & Phosphate Institute of Canada (PPIC).
  • Hu, W., Coomer, T. D., Loka, D. A., Oosterhuis, D. M., & Zhou, Z. G. (2017). Potassium deficiency affects the carbon-nitrogen balance in cotton leaves. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 115, 408–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.04.005
  • Hu, W., Lv, X. B., Yang, J. S., Chen, B. L., Zhao, W. Q., Meng, Y. L., Wang, Y. H., Zhou, Z. G., Oosterhuis, D. M. (2016). Effects of potassium deficiency on antioxidant metabolism related to leaf senescence in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Field Crops Research, 191, 139–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.02.025
  • Hussain, S., Ali, H., & Gardezi, S. T. R. (2021). Soil applied potassium improves productivity and fiber quality of cotton cultivars grown on potassium-deficient soils. PLOS ONE, 16(4), e0250713.
  • ICAC. 2022. International Cotton Advisory Committee Cotton: Review of the World Situation (ICAC Publication No. 75-3). Retrieved from https://icac.org.
  • Khalifa, K., Al-Chammaa, M., & Al-Ain, F. (2012). Effect of potassium fertilizers on cotton yield and nitrogen uptake efficiency in an Aridisol. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 43(16), 2180–2189.
  • Kusi, Y. N. (2019). Potassium uptake, utilization, and chemistry in cotton and soils of Texas Southern High Plains.
  • MGM. (2022). 2021 İklim Raporu. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü.https://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/yillikiklim/2021-iklim-raporu.pdf.
  • Mozaffari, M. (2018). Soil fertility/soil testing. Northeast Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture.
  • Öztürkmen, A. R., Ramazanoğlu, E., Çakmaklı, M., & Çakmaklı, E. (2021). Harran Ovası Yaygın Toprak Serilerinin Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Morfolojik Özellikleri. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 177-185.
  • Pervez, H., Ashraf, M., & Makhdum, M. I. (2004). Influence of potassium rates and sources on seed cotton yield and yield components of some elite cotton cultivars. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 27(7), 1295–1317.
  • Ramazanoglu, E. (2024). Effects of vermicompost application on plant growth and soil enzyme activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) monitored by thermal imaging. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 10(1), 2373872.
  • Qi, D., Zhao, X. H., Xia, L., Jiang, C. J., Wang, X. G., Han, Y., Wang, J., & Yu, H. Q. (2019). Effects of potassium deficiency on photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure, ROS, and antioxidant activities in maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(2), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61953-7
  • Read, J., Reddy, R., & Jenkins, N. (2006). Yield and fiber quality of upland cotton as influenced by nitrogen and potassium nutrition. Journal of Agronomy, 24(2), 282–290.
  • Şenel, M. (1980). Pamuk Islahı, Yetiştirilmesi ve Teknolojisi (No. 36). Bölge Pamuk Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları. Adana.
  • Shahzad, A. N., Rizwan, M., Asghar, M. G., Qureshi, M. K., & Bukhari, S. A. H. (2019). Early maturing Bt cotton requires more potassium fertilizer under water deficiency to augment seed-cotton yield. Scientific Reports, 9, Article 7378.
  • TÜİK, 2019. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Ürün İstatistikleri, Yıllara Göre Pamuk Ekim Alanları https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim Tarihi: 19.12.2019)
  • TÜİK. (2020). Çeşitli istatistikler. Retrieved from https://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Usta, H. (2003). Pamuk Sektör Profil Araştırması. İstanbul Ticaret Odası.
  • Wang, N., Hua, H. B., Eneji, A. E., Li, Z. H., Duan, L. S., & Tian, X. L. (2012). Genotypic variations in photosynthetic and physiological adjustment to potassium deficiency in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 110, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.02.002
  • Yang, F., Du, M., Tian, X., Eneji, A. E., & Li, Z. (2016). Cotton yield and potassium use efficiency as affected by potassium fertilizer management with stalks returned to the field. Crop Science, 56(2), 740–746.
  • Yang, X., Li, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, Z., Geng, J., & Zhang, M. (2017). Effects of polymer-coated potassium chloride on cotton yield, leaf senescence, and soil potassium. Field Crops Research, 212, 145–152.
  • Zia-ul-Hassan, M., Arshad, S. M. A., Basra, S. M. A., Rajpar, I., Shah, A. N., & Galani, S. (2014). Response of potassium-use-efficient cotton genotypes to soil-applied potassium. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 45(9), 1125–1137.

The effect of post-sowing potassium fertilizer application on the yield and some fiber technological properties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 215 - 227, 16.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1599352

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different post-sowing potassium fertilizer
doses on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield and fiber properties in Haliliye district of Şanlıurfa
province in 2020-2021. The experiments were arranged in a randomized split-plot design with three
replications. The Fiona cotton variety was used as plant material, and six-row plots were sown (row
spacing: 75 cm, plant spacing: 5-6 cm). Main plots were defined by post-sowing days (30, 40, 50
days), while subplots consisted of potassium doses (control, 10, 20, 30 kg da-1). Results showed that
seed cotton yield ranged between 396 and 520 kg da-1, with the highest yield achieved with 50 days
post-sowing and 30 kg da-1 KCl application (520 kg da-1). Plant height varied from 77.95 to 85.41 cm
in 2020 and from 81.13 to 87.63 cm in 2021. The highest boll weight (6.97 g) was recorded in 2021
with 50 days post-sowing and 30 kg da-1 KCl application. The number of fruiting branches and bolls
per plant varied across years, with the highest boll count observed with 40 days post -sowing and 20
kg da-1 KCl application. Fiber uniformity index ranged between 82.23% and 85.40%, while short fiber
content varied from 6.70% to 11.70%. As a result, potassium fertilizer doses were found to be
effective in increasing cotton yield and fiber quality; in particular, the application of 30 kg da⁻¹ KCl on
the 50th day gave the best results.

References

  • Adeli, A., Varco, J. J. (2014). Potassıum management effects on cotton yıeld, nutrıtıon, and soıl potassıum level* 1USDA-ARS, Waste Management and Forage Research Unit, 810 Highway 12 East, Mississippi State MS 39762-5367 2Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
  • Akhtar, M. E., Sardar, A., Ashraf, M., Akhtar, M., & Khan, M. Z. (2003). Effect of potash application on seed cotton yield and yield components of selected cotton varieties. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2(9), 602–604. BASF Türkiye Tarım Çözümleri. https://www.agro.basf.com.tr/tr/
  • Bumguardner, A. R. (2018). Soil potassium effects on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) growth, yield, and quality in the Texas high plains (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from
  • Çağlayan, A., Demoğlu, E. (2005). Çiftçi şartlarında potasyumlu gübrelemenin verim ve kaliteye olan etkisi. Tarımda potasyumun yeri ve önemi, 50, 209–213. Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Dinç, U., Şenol, S., Sarı, M., Yeşilsoy, Ş., Kaya, Z., Özbek, H., Sayın, M., Çolak, A., & Yeğingil, I. (1986). Harran Ovası Toprakları. In Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi Tarımsal Kalkınma Sempozyumu. Ankara.
  • Faircloth, J. C., Coco, A., & Clawson, E. (2004, July). Potassium requirements of cotton cultivars. News and Views, Potash & Phosphate Institute (PPI) and Potash & Phosphate Institute of Canada (PPIC).
  • Hu, W., Coomer, T. D., Loka, D. A., Oosterhuis, D. M., & Zhou, Z. G. (2017). Potassium deficiency affects the carbon-nitrogen balance in cotton leaves. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 115, 408–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.04.005
  • Hu, W., Lv, X. B., Yang, J. S., Chen, B. L., Zhao, W. Q., Meng, Y. L., Wang, Y. H., Zhou, Z. G., Oosterhuis, D. M. (2016). Effects of potassium deficiency on antioxidant metabolism related to leaf senescence in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Field Crops Research, 191, 139–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.02.025
  • Hussain, S., Ali, H., & Gardezi, S. T. R. (2021). Soil applied potassium improves productivity and fiber quality of cotton cultivars grown on potassium-deficient soils. PLOS ONE, 16(4), e0250713.
  • ICAC. 2022. International Cotton Advisory Committee Cotton: Review of the World Situation (ICAC Publication No. 75-3). Retrieved from https://icac.org.
  • Khalifa, K., Al-Chammaa, M., & Al-Ain, F. (2012). Effect of potassium fertilizers on cotton yield and nitrogen uptake efficiency in an Aridisol. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 43(16), 2180–2189.
  • Kusi, Y. N. (2019). Potassium uptake, utilization, and chemistry in cotton and soils of Texas Southern High Plains.
  • MGM. (2022). 2021 İklim Raporu. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü.https://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/yillikiklim/2021-iklim-raporu.pdf.
  • Mozaffari, M. (2018). Soil fertility/soil testing. Northeast Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture.
  • Öztürkmen, A. R., Ramazanoğlu, E., Çakmaklı, M., & Çakmaklı, E. (2021). Harran Ovası Yaygın Toprak Serilerinin Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Morfolojik Özellikleri. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 177-185.
  • Pervez, H., Ashraf, M., & Makhdum, M. I. (2004). Influence of potassium rates and sources on seed cotton yield and yield components of some elite cotton cultivars. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 27(7), 1295–1317.
  • Ramazanoglu, E. (2024). Effects of vermicompost application on plant growth and soil enzyme activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) monitored by thermal imaging. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 10(1), 2373872.
  • Qi, D., Zhao, X. H., Xia, L., Jiang, C. J., Wang, X. G., Han, Y., Wang, J., & Yu, H. Q. (2019). Effects of potassium deficiency on photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure, ROS, and antioxidant activities in maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(2), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61953-7
  • Read, J., Reddy, R., & Jenkins, N. (2006). Yield and fiber quality of upland cotton as influenced by nitrogen and potassium nutrition. Journal of Agronomy, 24(2), 282–290.
  • Şenel, M. (1980). Pamuk Islahı, Yetiştirilmesi ve Teknolojisi (No. 36). Bölge Pamuk Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları. Adana.
  • Shahzad, A. N., Rizwan, M., Asghar, M. G., Qureshi, M. K., & Bukhari, S. A. H. (2019). Early maturing Bt cotton requires more potassium fertilizer under water deficiency to augment seed-cotton yield. Scientific Reports, 9, Article 7378.
  • TÜİK, 2019. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Ürün İstatistikleri, Yıllara Göre Pamuk Ekim Alanları https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim Tarihi: 19.12.2019)
  • TÜİK. (2020). Çeşitli istatistikler. Retrieved from https://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Usta, H. (2003). Pamuk Sektör Profil Araştırması. İstanbul Ticaret Odası.
  • Wang, N., Hua, H. B., Eneji, A. E., Li, Z. H., Duan, L. S., & Tian, X. L. (2012). Genotypic variations in photosynthetic and physiological adjustment to potassium deficiency in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 110, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.02.002
  • Yang, F., Du, M., Tian, X., Eneji, A. E., & Li, Z. (2016). Cotton yield and potassium use efficiency as affected by potassium fertilizer management with stalks returned to the field. Crop Science, 56(2), 740–746.
  • Yang, X., Li, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, Z., Geng, J., & Zhang, M. (2017). Effects of polymer-coated potassium chloride on cotton yield, leaf senescence, and soil potassium. Field Crops Research, 212, 145–152.
  • Zia-ul-Hassan, M., Arshad, S. M. A., Basra, S. M. A., Rajpar, I., Shah, A. N., & Galani, S. (2014). Response of potassium-use-efficient cotton genotypes to soil-applied potassium. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 45(9), 1125–1137.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agronomy
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Ahmet Yılmaz 0000-0001-5748-3160

Ömer Hacıkamiloğlu 0000-0001-8663-2938

Cevher İlhan Cevheri 0000-0002-7070-2652

Hasan Haliloğlu 0000-0002-6826-3320

Early Pub Date June 11, 2025
Publication Date June 16, 2025
Submission Date December 10, 2024
Acceptance Date April 6, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 29 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yılmaz, A., Hacıkamiloğlu, Ö., Cevheri, C. İ., Haliloğlu, H. (2025). The effect of post-sowing potassium fertilizer application on the yield and some fiber technological properties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Harran Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(2), 215-227. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1599352

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10749  Harran Journal of Agricultural and Food Science is licensed under Creative Commons 4.0 International License.