<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="reviewer-report"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Animal Production</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1301-9597</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2645-9043</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Ege Zootekni Derneği</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29185/hayuretim.1606067</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Animal Growth and Development</subject>
                                                            <subject>Sheep and Goat Breeding and Treatment</subject>
                                                            <subject>Zootechny (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Hayvan Yetiştirme</subject>
                                                            <subject>Küçükbaş Hayvan Yetiştirme ve Islahı</subject>
                                                            <subject>Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>The Role of Sheep and Goat Breeding in Kyrgyzstan:  A Scientific Perspective</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Koyun ve Keçi Yetiştiriciliğinin Kırgızistan’daki Rolü:  Bilimsel Bir Perspektif</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9673-0862</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Mamatov</surname>
                                    <given-names>Nurlan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KIRGIZİSTAN-TÜRKİYE MANAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-212X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ataç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Funda</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-9760</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Taşkın</surname>
                                    <given-names>Turgay</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20251231">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>66</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>190</fpage>
                                        <lpage>199</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250103">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>03</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20250729">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>29</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1974, Journal of Animal Production</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1974</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Animal Production</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>This study aims to evaluate the current status of animal production, with a specific focus on small ruminant breeding in Kyrgyzstan. Data from FAOSTAT and the Kyrgyz State Statistics Institution covering the years 2000–2022 were analyzed. Due to limitations in available data, sheep and goats were sometimes evaluated together under the category of &quot;sheep,&quot; while cattle were assessed as dairy animals for milk production. Collected data were organized into tables, and averages and percentages were calculated and interpreted. Kyrgyzstan&#039;s population reached 6.5 million in 2021, with the rural population declining from 64.51% in 2000 to 61.45% in 2021. The area allocated to livestock within agricultural lands increased from 0.03 LSU/ha in 2000 to 0.05 LSU/ha by 2021. Sheep production expanded significantly, with a population of 5.515.593 in 2022, accounting for 88.90% of the total small ruminant population. Meanwhile, goat numbers saw notable fluctuations, with a declining trend after 2015. Sheep meat production almost doubled, reaching 73.038 tons by 2022, whereas goat meat production showed variability, with a peak in 2010 followed by a decrease in subsequent years. Small ruminant farming is integral to Kyrgyzstan&#039;s economy and cultural identity. Addressing challenges such as climate variability, pasture degradation, and limited infrastructure through modern livestock practices and sustainable pasture management can significantly improve productivity. Government investment in veterinary services, market access, and infrastructure is critical for sustainable development.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Bu çalışma, Kırgızistan&#039;daki hayvancılık üretiminin mevcut durumunu değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır, özellikle küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiriciliği üzerinde durulmuştur. FAOSTAT ve Kırgızistan Devlet İstatistik Kurumu&#039;ndan alınan 2000–2022 yılları arasındaki veriler analiz edilmiştir. Mevcut veri kısıtlamaları nedeniyle koyun ve keçiler bazen &quot;koyun&quot; kategorisi altında birlikte değerlendirilmiş, sığırlar ise süt üretimi için süt hayvanı olarak ele alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler tablolar halinde düzenlenmiş, ortalamalar ve oranlar hesaplanarak yorumlanmıştır. Kırgızistan nüfusu 2021&#039;de 6.5 milyona ulaşmış, kırsal nüfus 2000&#039;te %64.51 iken 2021&#039;de %61.45&#039;e düşmüştür. Tarım arazilerinde hayvancılığa ayrılan alan, 2000&#039;te 0.03 LSU/ha iken 2021&#039;de 0.05 LSU/ha&#039;ya çıkmıştır. Koyun üretimi önemli ölçüde artmış, 2022&#039;de 5.515.593 koyunla, toplam küçükbaş hayvan popülasyonunun %88.90&#039;ını oluşturmuştur. Buna karşılık, keçi sayısında 2015 sonrasında belirgin dalgalanmalar olmuş ve azalma eğilimi gözlemlenmiştir. Koyun eti üretimi neredeyse iki katına çıkmış ve 2022&#039;de 73.038 ton olarak gerçekleşmiştir; oysa keçi eti üretimi, 2010&#039;da zirve yapmış ve ardından sonraki yıllarda azalma göstermiştir. Küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiriciliği, Kırgızistan ekonomisi ve kültürel kimliği için önemli bir bileşendir. İklim değişkenliği, mera bozulması ve sınırlı altyapı gibi zorlukların, modern hayvancılık uygulamaları ve sürdürülebilir mera yönetimiyle ele alınması, üretkenliği önemli ölçüde artırabilir. Veteriner hizmetleri, piyasa erişimi ve altyapıya yapılacak devlet yatırımları, sürdürülebilir kalkınma için kritik öneme sahiptir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Kyrgyzstan</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  small ruminants</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sheep and goat farming</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  livestock economy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sustainable agriculture</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Kırgızistan</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  küçükbaş hayvancılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  koyun ve keçi yetiştiriciliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  hayvancılık ekonomisi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sürdürülebilir tarım.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Abdurasulov, Y. 2009. Condition of the Agrarian Sector of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek: AKIpress.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ADB (Asian Development Bank) 2018. Sustainable Agriculture Development in Central Asia: The Role of Livestock. Asian Development Bank.https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/496016/adb-annual-report-2018.pdf</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akramov K, Chulpanova T. 2015.  Livestock and the Rural Economy of Kyrgyzstan: Focus on Sheep and Goat Farming. Agricultural Economics and Rural Development 16(3):102-115.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Anonymous 2020. Ministry of Agriculture of Kyrgyzstan. Annual Livestock Production Report. https://stat.gov.kg/en/statistics/selskoe-hozyajstvo/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Anonymous 2021. Kyrgyz Republic Ministry of Agriculture. Kyrgyzstan National Livestock Development Strategy. Ministry of Agriculture, Bishkek.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Anonymous 2022. World Bank. Agricultural Development in Kyrgyzstan: Issues and Prospects.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Asankulov M. 2016. The role of sheep farming in rural development in Kyrgyzstan: Case Studies from the Naryn Region. PhD Dissertation, University of Bishkek.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bekmuratov, S. 2020. Challenges in sheep disease management in Kyrgyzstan: Farmer Knowledge and Veterinary Practice. Master&#039;s Thesis, Central Asia University, Bishkek.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Beşirli H. 2011. Kırgızistanın sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel yapısı. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Güz (15):313-331.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FAO and IFAD. 2021. Estimating the future impact of the Resilient Regional Pastoral Communities Project on greenhouse gas emissions. Contribution to the update of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) of Kyrgyzstan. Rome.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FAOSTAT. 2023. Livestock Statistics. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cc8166en, Rome.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ganiev J, Baigonushova D, Madmarov N, Abdieva R. 2020. External debt and economic growth in transition countries: Case of Kyrgyzstan. MANAS Journal of Social Studies, 9(1): 60-75.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">IFAD. 2019. Supporting Smallholder Farmers in Kyrgyzstan: Livestock and Pasture Management. International Fund for Agricultural Development. Livestock and Market Development Programme II Supervision Report. 19 September to 5 October, https://www.ifad.org/documents/September+-+October+2018_1.pdf/03416ad1-d591-bf27-36fc-5feed81af586?t=1726609282515.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kadyrberdieva l, Solovyeva A, Tigran Poghosyan T. 2023. Climate Change  Adaptation and Mitigation In The Kyrgyz Republic.https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/2023/092/article-A002-en.xml.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karadağ H. 2018. Çarlık ve Sovyet dönemlerinde Kırgizistan’da hayvancılık. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, The Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 40 :369-390.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karadağ H. 2019. Bağımsızlık sonrası Kırgızistan’da hayvancılıkta gelişmeler. The Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 45:151-171.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KRUSK, 2019. Kırgız Respublikasının Uluttuk Statistika Komiteti. Ayıl Carba Rasmiy Statistika. 1.05.02.12 Pogolobe Skota i Pomashmey Ptitsı po Kategoriyam Hozyaystv Kırgızskoy Respublike.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kuvatov A. 2019. &quot;Sheep Farming in Kyrgyzstan: Challenges and Opportunities.&quot; Journal of Central Asian Agricultural Studies, 15(2):234-245.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kyshtakbayev U, Musabaev S. 2018. &quot;Impact of climate change on livestock farming in Kyrgyzstan: Implications for sheep and goat production.&quot; Asian Journal of Climate, 45(2): 45-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">LIFAD, 2021. Pasture condition maps in Kyrgyzstan . Doménech, C., Belenguer-Plomer, M.A., Mundy, O.,  Eralieva, M., Abdiev, A.International Fund for Agricultural Development Via Paolo di Dono, 44, 00142 Rome, Italy.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mamatov N, Kangeldiyeva G, Comba  B. 2012. Yüksek Rakımlı  Meraların Kullanımı ve Yak (Topoz) Etolojisinin Araştırılması. YYU Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 23 (1): 41– 43.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Marty D, Ashimov A. 2017. Pastoralism and agriculture in central Asia: Sheep farming and agro-pastoral practices in Kyrgyzstan. Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mogilevskii R, Abdrazakova N, Bolotbekova A, Chalbasova, S., Dzhumaeva, S., Tilekeyev, K. 2017. The outcomes of 25 years of agricultural reforms in Kyrgyzstan. Theodor-Lieser-Straße 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mustafaev S, Begimkulov D. 2019. &quot;Breed selection and genetic improvement of sheep in Kyrgyzstan: Challenges and Perspectives.&quot; Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 12(1):25-34.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tugba A, Dube M. 2020. &quot;Assessment of sheep production systems in central Asia: A Case Study of Kyrgyzstan.&quot; Journal of Agricultural Systems, 172(3):125-137.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">UNDP, 2020. Kyrgyzstan’s Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Development. United Nations Development Programme.https://annualreport.undp.org/2020/assets/UNDP-Annual-Report.en.pdf.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Uulu TE, Öğüt H, Marakoğlu T. 2018. Kırgızistan’ın tarımsal mekanizasyon düzeyinin coğrafik bölgeler açısından değerlendirilmesi. Manas J Agr Vet Life Sci, 8(2):89‐97.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zhumanova M. 2011. A Study on livestock and land management In Kyrgyzstan. Master’s Thesis. Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University.https://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/00031956?locale=en.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
