The Using of Rsm on Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions by Grape Seed Tunceli-Elazığ as a Low- Cost and Eco Friendly Adsorbent

Year 2017, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 305 - 314, 01.09.2017

Vahap Yönten Nesrin Karaca Sanyürek

Abstract

Grape seeds are waste products of the wine and juice processes in big amounts. In this study, grape seeds were used in Methylene Blue MB removal in synthetic wastewater by transformation into active carbon. Optimization process was completed using RSM. Four different parameters could affect the removal in selected process were identified and maximum MB removal was achieved by optimization of these parameters. Central Composite Design CCD software was used to calculate the effects of each parameter on response/removal. Conducted empirical and statistical studies determined that the values for independent parameters that achieved the maximum response were; pH 3.7, contact time 55.5 minutes, absorbent dosage 1.4 g, and initial concentration of 160 mgL-1. Using these parameters, MB removal from synthetic wastewater was conducted at an approximate yield of 99% with active carbon Vitis vinifera seed use. Furthermore, it was identified that the achieved model supported the conducted study by 82%.

Keywords

Active carbon, dye, metyhlene blue, RSM, Vitis vinifera L. seed

Ucuz ve Çevre Dostu Bir Adsorbent Olan Üzüm Çekirdeği ile Metilen Mavisinin Sulu Çözeltilerden Gideriminde RSM Kullanımı

Abstract

Ucuz ve atık olarak değerlendirilen üzüm çekirdeği insanların gıda olarak kullandığı üzümden elde edilen ve bol miktarda bulunan bir atıktır. Bu atık aktif karbon haline getirilerek bir boyar madde olan Metilen Mavisinin MM sentetik atık sulardaki gideriminde kullanılmıştır. Optimizasyon süreci Response Surface Metodology RSM kullanılarak tamamlanmıştır. Çalışılan süreçte giderimi etkileyecek dört farklı parametre seçilmiş ve bu parametreler optimize edilerek maksimum Metilen mavisi giderimi bulunmuştur. Bu parametrelerin herbirinin pH, zaman dakika , adsorbent miktarı g ve başlangıç derişimi mgL-1 cevap üzerindeki etkileri Central Compozite Design CCD programı kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda quadratik bir model bulunmuş ve üç boyutlu grafikler elde edilerek Anova istatiksel verileri hesaplanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen deneysel ve istatiksel çalışmalar sonucunda bağımsız parametrelerin maksimum değerleri pH 3.7, süre 55.5 dakika, adsorbent miktarı 1.4 gram ve başlangıç derişimi 160 mgL-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu veriler kullanılarak aktif karbon Vitis vinifera L. ile sentetik atık sulardan yaklaşık %99 verimle Metilen mavisi giderimi sağlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda bulunan modelin yapılan çalışmayı %82 desteklediği gözlenmiştir

Keywords

Aktif Karbon, boyar madde, metilen mavisi, RSM, Vitis vinifera L. çekirdekleri

References

• 1. P.K. Malik, S.K. Saha, Oxidation of direct dyes with hydrogen peroxide using ferrous ion as catalys, Sep. Purif. Technol., 31 (2003) 241-250.
• 2. R.H. Myers, D.C. Montgomery, Response surface methodology: Process and product optimization using designed experiments, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 1995.
• 3. V. Yonten, M. Tanyol, N. Yildirim, N.C. Yildirim, M. İnce, Optimization of remazol brillant blue r dye removal by novel biosorbent p. eryngii immbobilized on amberlite xad-4 using response surface methodology, Desalin. Water Treat., 57 (2015) 15592-15602.
• 4. M. Hussar, I. Gaballah, N. Kanari, P.H. Donato, O. Barres, F. Villieras, Separation of hydrocarbons and lipid from water usin treated bark, Water Res., 37 (2003) 362-374.
• 5. M.A.M. Khraisheh, M.A. Al-Ghouti, S.J. Allen, M.N. Ahmet, Effect of OH and silanol groups in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution usin diatomite, Water Res., 37 (2005) 922-932.
• 6. G.O. El-Sayed, Removal of methylene blue and crystal violet from aqueous solutions by palm kernel fiber, Desalination, 272 (2011) 225–232.
• 7. B.H. Hameed, Grass waste, A novel sorbent for the removal of basic dye from aqueous solution, J. Hazard. Mater., 166 (2009) 233–238.
• 8. M.R. Sohrabi, S. Amiri, H.R.F. Masoumi, M. Moghri, Optimization of Direct Yellow 12 dye removal by nanoscale zero-valent iron using response surface methodology, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20 (2013) 2535- 2542.
• 9. D. Daassi, F. Frikha, H.Z. Mechicci, L. Belbahri, S. Woodward, T. Mechicci, Application of response surface methodology to optimize decolourization of dyes by the laccasemediato system, J. Environ. Manag., 108 (2012) 84-91.
• 10. T.V. Rêgo, T.R.S. Cadaval Jr, G.L. Dotto, L.A.A. Pinto, Statistical optimization, interaction analysis and desorption studies for the azo dyes adsorption onto chitosan films, J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 411 (2013) 27–33.
• 11. P.F de Sales, Z.M. Magriotis, M.A. Rossi, R.F. Resende, C.A. Nunes, Optimization by response surface methodology of the adsorption of coomassie blue dye on natural and acid-treated clays, J. Environ. Manag., 130 (2013) 417-428.
• 12. A. Hassani, H. Alidokht, A.R. Khataee, S. Karaca, Optimization of comparative removal of two structurally different basic dyes using coal as a lowcost and available adsorbent, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 45 (2014) 1597-1607.
• 13. M.A. Mohammed, A. Shitu, A. Ibrahim, Removal of methylene blue using low cost adsorbent, J. Chem. Sci., 4 (2014) 91-102.
• 14. M. Arulkumar, P. Sathishkumar, T. Palvannan, optimization of orange g dye adsorption by activated carbon of thespesia populnea pods using response surface methodology, J. Hazard. Mater., 186 (2011) 827–834.
• 15. H.M.F. Freundlich, Over the adsorption in solution, J. Phys. Chem., 57 (1906) 385–471.
• 16. O. Hamdaoui, Batch study of liquid-phase adsorption of methylene blue using cedar sawdust and crushed brick, J. Hazard. Mater., 135 (2006) 264–273.
• 17. Z. Shahryari, A.S. Goharrizi, M. Azadi, Experimental study of methylene blue adsorption from aqueous solutions onto carbon nano tubes, J. Water Res. Environ. Eng., 2 (2010) 16-28.
• 18. I. Langmuir, The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40 (1918) 1361–1403.
• 19. V. Yönten, Ş. Kubilay, P. Battal, Adsorption of the 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid dimethylamine by raw and modified bentonit, Asian J. Chem., 24 (2012) 89-92.
• 20. W.M. Mulugeta, B. Lelisa, Removal of methylene blue (mb) dye from aqueous solution by bioadsorption onto untreated parthenium hystrophorous, Mod. Chem. Appl., 2 (2014) 1-5.
• 21. M.R. Mafra, L. Igarashi-Mafra, D.R. Zuim, E.C. Vasques, M.A. Ferreira, Adsorption of remazol brilliant blue on an orange peel adsorbent, Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 30 (2013) 657-665.
• 22. A. Ergene, K. Ada, S. Tan, H. Katircioglu, Removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto imbobilized Scenedesmus quadricauda: Equilibrium and kinetic modeling studies, Desalination., 249 (2009) 1308-1314.
• 23. G.M. Ratnamala, K.V. Shetty, G. Srinikethan, Removal of remazol brilliant blue dye from dye-contaminated water by adsorption using red mud: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies, Water Air Soil Poll., 223 (2012), 6187-6199.
• 24. N. Dizge, C. Aydiner, E. Demirbas, M. Kobya, S. Kara, Adsorption of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions by fly ash: Kinetic and equilibrium studies J. Hazard. Mater., 150 (2008) 737–746.
• 25. S.M. Kanawade, R.W. Gaikwad, Removal of methylene blue from effluent by using activated carbon and water hyacinth as adsorbent , Int. J. Chem. Eng. Appl., 2 (2011) 317-319.
• 26. G. Uslu, M. Tanyol, Equilibrium and thermodynamic parameters of single and binary mixture biosorption of lead(II) and copper(II) ions onto Pseudomonas putida: effect of temperature, J. Hazar. Mater., (2006) 135.