Herbarium Turcicum 2822-4256 Istanbul University 10.26650/HT.2022.1158469 Botany Bitki Bilimi From Nature to Herbarium: Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae) Doğadan Herbaryuma: Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-4229 Tekşen Mehtap Aksaray Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, Aksaray, Türkiye 01 11 2023 2 1 15 08 06 2022 10 06 2022 Copyright © 2022, Herbarium Turcicum 2022 Herbarium Turcicum

As a member of the Liliaceae family of lillies, Fritillaria is the second largest genus in the world and the largest in Türkiye. Türkiye is the country with the greatest number of Fritillaria species and the highest number of endemic species in the world. This plant is important in the ornamental plants industry and in medicine. New varieties have started to emerge as a result of breeding efforts in Türkiye, with further works still progressing. This study presents the difficulties encountered with collecting Fritillaria samples in the field, turning them into herbarium specimens, and working on herbarium specimens during revisions. During the revision studies, a few samples from living individuals in nature should be included in the collections of herbaria in order to represent the population and be transferred to future generations. This study provides the methods for preserving specimens as true to their original form as possible and protecting the necessary details. The study also mentions the processes that can be performed on some species. The inability to fully analyze and verify a characteristic during studies on herbarium samples naturally results in improper plant identification. The present study aims to guide scholars by providing certain methods for distinguishing species despite characteristics that change when drying, such as leaves, flower color, and nectarium in herbarium specimens. Knowing both the species and genetic diversity of the genus is important for being able to identify the herbarium specimens of individuals belonging to Fritillaria species without having them remain idle in the herbarium where they will be stored for years.

Liliaceae’ye ait cinslerden biri olan Fritillaria, familyanın dünyadaki ikinci, Türkiye’deki en büyük cinsidir. Türkiye, Fritillaria’nın dünyada en fazla tür ve endemik türe sahip olduğu bir ülkedir. Cins, süs bitkisi ve tıbbi bitki olarak da önemlidir. Türkiye’de yapılan ıslah çalışmaları ile yeni çeşitler oluşmaya başlamıştır ve ıslah üzerine çalışmalar ilerlemektedir. Bu araştırmada, saha çalışmasında Fritillaria örneklerinin toplanması, herbaryum materyali haline getirilmesi, herbaryum materyalleri üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda revizyonlar sırasında karşılaşılan zorluklara yer verilmiştir. Örneklerin mümkün olduğunca aslına sadık kalarak saklanması ve gerekli detayların korunması için yöntemler verilmiştir. Bazı türler üzerinde yapılabilecek işlemlerden bahsedilmiştir. Herbaryum örnekleri üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda, bir karakterin doğal olarak tam analiz edilememesi, doğrulanamaması yanlış bitki isimlendirmesine neden olmaktadır. Herbaryum materyallerinde yaprak, çiçek rengi, nektaryum gibi kuruyunca değişim gösteren karakterlere rağmen türlerin ayırt edilmesinde bazı yöntemler verilerek yol göstermek amaçlanmaktadır. Fritillaria türlerine ait bireylerin herbaryum materyallerinin yıllarca saklanacağı herbaryumlarda âtıl kalmadan, teşhis edilebilir özellikte olması cinsin hem tür, hem de genetik çeşitliliğinin bilinmesi için önemlidir.

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