Lenfödemde Cilt Bakımı ve Koruyucu Yaklaşımlar Skin Care and Protective Approaches in Lymphedema

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 0 - 0, 15.06.2016

Ayşe Arıkan Dönmez , Leyla Özdemir

Öz

Lenfödem, yaşamı tehdit eden, bireylerin yaşam biçimlerini ve fonksiyonlarını etkileyen, fiziksel ve psikososyal sorunlara neden olan ve yaşam kalitelerini de olumsuz yönde etkileyen
önemli bir komplikasyondur. Geçmişte tedavisi imkansız olarak düşünülürken, günümüzde lenfödem gelişimini önlemek, semptomlarını kontrol etmek, komplikasyonları azaltmak ve
lenfödem geliştiğinde tedavi etmek amacıyla çeşitli yöntemler önerilmektedir. Bu yöntemler; hasta eğitimi, cilt bakımı, ekstremite elevasyonu, masaj ve fizik tedavi, fiziksel aktivite ve
egzersiz, manuel lenfatik drenaj, self (basit) lenfatik drenaj, pnömatik pompalar, düşük düzeyde lazer tedavisi, kompresyon bandajları ve giysileri, medikal tedavi, cerrahi tedavi olarak
sıralanabilir. Sağlıklı cilt bütünlüğünün korunması ve sürdürülmesi, cildin hidrasyonunun sağlanması, lenfödem gelişiminin önlenmesi, lenfödem komplikasyonlarının tedavi edilmesi, hastanın konforunun/rahatlığının sağlanması ve enfeksiyon riskinin azaltılması açısından cilt bakımı oldukça önemli bir basamaktır. Lenfödemde cilt bakımının rolünü destekleyen bir kanıt bulunmamakla birlikte, lenfödem riskini veya var olan lenfödemin şiddetini azaltmak için cildi korumanın, öz bakımın önemli bir bileşeni olduğu yönünde uzmanlar tarafından belirtilen ortak görüşler bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle lenfödemi olan veya risk altında olan hastalara, mutlaka uygun cilt bakımı ilkeleri ile ilgili eğitim verilerek, günlük yaşamlarında
bu ilkelere uymaları gerektiği hatırlatılmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Cilt bakımı, konservatif tedavi, lenfödem, lenfödem yönetimi

 

Lymphedema is an important life-threatening complication that effects the lifestyle and functions of individuals, causing physical and psychosocial problems and also effects their quality of life negatively. Although its treatment was considered as impossible in the past, today various methods have been suggested in order to prevent lymphedema, controlling the symptoms, reducing complications and treat when it develops. These methods can be aligned as; patient education, skin care, limb elevation, massage and physical therapy, physical
activity and exercise, manual lymphatic drainage, self (simple) lymphatic drainage, pneumatic pumps, low level laser therapy, compression bandages and clothing, medical treatment,
surgical treatment. Skin care is quite important step in terms of protecting and maintaining integrity of healthy skin, providing hydration of the skin, preventing lymphedema, treating complications of lymphedema, providing patient comfort and reducing the risk of infection. Although there is no evidence that supports the role of skin care for lymphedema; there
are common opinions that are being suggested by experts regarding protection of the skinnthat considered to be a critical component of self-care to reduce the risk of lymphedema or
exacerbation of established lymphedema. Therefore, patients with lypmhedema or at risk of developing lymphedema must be educated about proper skin care principles and must be
reminded that their cooperation about these principles is needed.
Key Words: Skin care, conservative treatment, lymphedema, lymphedema management

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