Preterm Bebeği Olan Aile ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 292 - 298, 30.11.2020

Harun Özbey Yağmur Sezer Efe Emine Erdem

https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.834246

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Dünyada ve ülkemizde yüksek morbidite ve mortalite oranlarına sahip preterm doğumlar, önemli bir sağlık sorunu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Son yıllarda sağlık teknolojisinin gelişmesi preterm bebeklerin yaşama oranlarını arttırmış, ancak ciddi sağlık sorunları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Özellikle prematüre retinopatisi, duyma kaybı, kronik akciğer hastalığı, serebral palsi, nörolojik bozukluklar, dikkat eksikliği ve kemik mineralizasyonunda azalma gibi sorunlar preterm bebeklerde sıklıkla görülebilmektedir. Bu sorunlar preterm bebeklerin uzun süreli hastane yatışlarına, sağlık bakım maliyetlerinin artışına, ebeveynlerinde psikososyal ve ekonomik sorunların yaşanmasına neden olmaktadır. Preterm doğum, preterm doğum komplikasyonları, uzun süreli hastane yatışları, bebeğin bakımına katılamama, bebeği hakkında bilgi alamama, taburculuk sonrası poliklinik ziyaretleri/izlemleri ve sosyal destek azlığı ebeveynlerin yaşadığı önemli sorunlar arasında yer almaktadır. Ebeveynlerin karşılaştığı bu sorunların önlenmesinde hemşirelere önemli sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Hemşireler bu dönemde ailelerin gereksinimlerini belirleyerek destek verici yaklaşımlarda bulunmalıdır. Bu derleme makalede preterm bebeklerde gelişebilecek sağlık sorunları, preterm bebeği olan ailelerin yaşadıkları sorunlar ve hemşirelik yaklaşımına dikkat çekilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Ebeveynler, preterm bebek, yenidoğan hemşireliği

Families with Preterm Infants and Nursing Approach

Abstract

Preterm births, which have high morbidity and mortality rates in the world and in our country, emerge as an important health problem. In recent years, the development of health technology has increased the survival rate of preterm infants but has also brought serious health problems. Problems such as retinopathy of prematurity, hearing loss, chronic pulmonary disease, cerebral palsy, neurological disorders, attention deficit and preterm osteopenia are frequently seen in preterm infants. These problems lead to long-term hospitalizations of preterm infants, increase in health care costs and psychosocial and economic problems in their parents. Preterm birth, preterm birth complications, long-term hospitalization, not being able to attend the infant’s care, not getting information about the infant, outpatient clinic visits/follow-ups after discharge, and lack of social support are among the major problems experienced by parents. Nurses have important responsibilities in preventing these problems encountered by parents. Nurses should determine the needs of families in this period and take supportive approaches. In this review article, it is aimed to draw attention to the health problems that may develop in preterm infants, the problems experienced by families with preterm infants and the nursing approach.

Keywords

Neonatal nursing, parents, preterm infant

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