Research Article
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A Discourse analysis on sustainable marine spatial planning

Year 2025, Issue: 48, 367 - 413, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1541966

Abstract

Marine ecosystems are vital habitats that must be protected under intense pressure from human activities. The threats posed by sectors such as increasing population, urbanization, industrialization, and tourism necessitate the sustainable management of these ecosystems. Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) emerges as a strategic planning process aimed at ensuring the balanced use of marine resources both economically and environmentally. Since the early 2000s, MSP has gained significance on the international stage as an approach to the sustainable management of marine resources. This planning method was developed to ensure ecosystem-based management of marine areas and has been successfully implemented in many countries. This article focuses on the applicability of MSP for the sustainable management of Turkey's extensive coastline and rich marine resources, while also examining global studies and publications. The aim of the research is to discuss this planning approach, which has recently begun to be debated in Turkey, in light of international examples, and to provide strategic recommendations for the protection of marine resources, the enhancement of societal well-being, and the development of the blue economy. In this study, MSP implementation examples selected from international literature were evaluated using the discourse analysis method, and the long-term impacts of these implementations on environmental sustainability and development were examined. The findings indicate that successful implementation of MSP in Turkey could significantly contribute to both the preservation of ecosystems and economic development. This study aims to offer a new perspective to both the literature and the planning approach concerning the sustainable management of Turkey's marine resources.

References

  • Akdeniz, H., & İnam, Ş. (2024). A Bibliometric Analysis of Marine Spatial Planning Research Using Vosviewer. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 133-158.
  • Baker-Polito İdaresi. (2021). 2021 Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan, Volume 1: Management and Administration. Boston: mass.gov. 09 01, 2024 tarihinde https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-ocean-management-plan adresinden alındı
  • Balas, C. (2024). Türkiye’nin açık deniz saha planlaması (DSP). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Balas, E., Genç A.N, & Balas, C. (2024). Strategic Adaptation to Climate Change through Monte Carlo-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Model in Marine Spatial Planning. Journal of Coastal Research, 113(SI), 169-174. doi:https://doi.org/10.2112/JCR-SI113-034.1
  • Ban, N., Januchowski-Hartley, S., Álvarez-Romero, J., Mills, M., Pressey, R., Linke, S., & De Freitas, D. (2013). Marine and freshwater conservation planning: from representation to persistence. Conservation planning: Shaping the future, 175-217.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. London & New York: Routledge.
  • de Vrees, L. (2021). Adaptive marine spatial planning in the Netherlands sector of the North Sea. Marine Policy, 132, 1-9.
  • Demir, A. (2025). Türkiye için Optimum Açık Deniz Üzeri Kombine Rüzgar ve Mavi Enerji Santrali Geliştirilmesi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi.
  • Douvere, F., Maes, F., Vanhulle, A., & Schrijvers, J. (2007). The role of marine spatial planning in sea use management: the Belgian case. Marine policy, 31(2), 182-191.
  • Ehler, C. (2021). Two decades of progress in Marine Spatial Planning. Marine Policy, 132, 1-16.
  • Ehler, C., & Douvere, F. (2007). Visions for a Sea change: Report of the First International Workshop on Marine Spatial Planning, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the Man and the Biosphere Programme UNESCO Headquarters. Paris, France: IOC-UNESCO. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://test.repository.oceanbestpractices.org/bitstream/handle/11329/204/48.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y adresinden alındı
  • Ehler, C., & Douvere, F. (2009). Marine Spatial Planning A Step bu Step Approach Toward Ecosystem-Based Management. Paris, Fransa.
  • Ehler, C., & Douvere, F. (2009). New perspectives on sea use management: initial findings from European experience with marine spatial planning. Journal of environmental management, 90(1), 77-88.
  • European Commission. (2021). Smart Specialisation for Sustainable Blue Economy Workshop. 08 08, 2024 tarihinde https://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/en/w/smart-specialisation-for-blue-economy-workshop adresinden alındı
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  • European Union. (2014). Directive 2014/89/EU Of The European Parliament And Of The Council. 12 14, 2024 tarihinde https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2014.257.01.0135.01.ENG%20 adresinden alındı
  • Gökmen, L. (2016, July 1). Konutta proje ligi. Ekonomist: http://www.ekonomist.com.tr/kapak-konusu/konutta-proje-ligi.html adresinden alındı
  • Gülbitti, M., & Özüduru, B. (2020). Türkiye’deki bütünleşik kıyı alanları yönetimi süreçlerinin stratejik mekânsal planlama süreçleri ile ilişkili olarak değerlendirilmesi. Planlama Dergisi, 30(1), 36-53.
  • Güneş, Ş. (1997). Deniz Kirlenmesi, Devletin Sorumluluğu, 1982 Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi ve Türkiye. Türkiye Kıyıları 97. Konferans Bildiriler Kitabı. Ankara.
  • Hudson, A. (2020, 02 23). The ocean and COVID-19. undp.org: https://www.undp.org/blog/ocean-and-covid-19#:~:text=In%20the%20near%20term%2C%20the,climate%20change%20on%20the%20ocean. adresinden alındı
  • IMO. (2022). Revised Strategic Plan For The Organization For The Six-Year Period 2018 To 2023. 30 07, 2024 tarihinde chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/About/strategy/Documents/A%2032-Res.1149.pdf adresinden alındı
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2007). Visions for a Sea change: Report of the First International Workshop on Marine Spatial Planning, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the Man and the Biosphere Programme UNESCO Headquarters. Paris, France: UNESCO Digital Library.
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2009). Marine spatial planning: a step-by-step approach toward ecosystem-based management. UNESCO Digital Library.
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2021). MSPglobal International Guide on Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning. Paris. 12 14, 2024 tarihinde https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379196?posInSet=1&queryId=490500b0-7448-4d99-b6a2-419babc2e719 adresinden alındı
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2021). MSPglobal International Guide on Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning. Paris: UNESCO Digital Library. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379196?posInSet=1&queryId=490500b0-7448-4d99-b6a2-419babc2e719 adresinden alındı
  • Kayapınar, Y. (2024). Türkiye'de Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetim ve Planlaması ile Deniz Mekansal Planlama İlişkisi. Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi, 3(6), 10-29.
  • Kuckartz, U., & Rädiker, S. (2019). Analyzing qualitative data with MAXQDA. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Maes, F., Vanhulle, A., & Lescrauwaet, A. (2013). Marine Spatial Planning. A. Lescrauwaet, H. Piriei, T. Verleye, J. Mees, & R. Herman (Dü.), Compendium for Coast and Sea 2013: integrating knowledge on the socio-economic, environmental and institutional aspects of the Coast and Sea in Flanders and Belgium içinde, (s. 261-273). Belçika.
  • Murray, J. (1900). Murray's Hand-book Constantinople Brusa, and the Throad. London: John Murray.
  • Nutters, H., & da Silva, P. (2012). Fishery stakeholder engagement and marine spatial planning: Lessons from the Rhode Island Ocean SAMP and the Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan. Ocean & coastal management, 67, 9-18.
  • Resmi Gazete. (2014). Mekansal Planlar Yapım Yönetmeliği. https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=19788&MevzuatTur=7&MevzuatTertip= adresinden alındı
  • Roitman, S. (2010). Gated communities: definitions, causes and consequences. Urban Design and Planning, 163(1), 31-38.
  • Rojek, C. (2000). Indexing, Dragging and the Social Construction of Tourist Sights. C. R. Urry içinde, Touring Cultures. Transformation of Travel and Theory (s. 52-74). New York: Routledge.
  • Santos, C., Ehler, C., Agardy, T., Andrade, F., Orbach, M., & Crowder, L. (2019). Marine spatial planning. In World seas: An environmental evaluation, 571-592.
  • Scory, S., Devolder, M., Youdjou, N., & Vigin, L. (2016). Marine Atlas supports Belgium's Marine Spatial Plan. International Coastal Atlas Network Newsletter, 5(1), 1-10. https://ican.iode.org/es/noticias/8-english/news/98-marine-atlas-supports-belgium-s-marine-spatial-plan adresinden alındı
  • Suncls, A., & Cai, I. (1982). United Nations convention on the law of the sea. In United Nations. 07 27, 2024 tarihinde https://www. un. org/Depts/los/convention% 5fagreements/texts/unclos/closindx. htm adresinden alındı
  • T.C Cumhurbaşkanlığı. (2019). On Birinci Kalkınma Planı (2019-2023). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/On_Birinci_Kalkinma_Plani-2019-2023.pdf adresinden alındı
  • United Nations. (1982). United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Montego Bay, Jamaika.
  • United Nations. (1992). Agenda 21 : programme of action for sustainable development, Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, statement of forest principles : the final text of agreements negotiated. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: UN Digital Library. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/170126 adresinden alındı
  • Ye, G., Fei, J., Wang, Z., Jiang, Q., Gaines, S., & Ming, C. (2021). A novel marine spatial management tool for multiple conflicts recognition and optimization of marine functional zoning in the East China sea. Journal of Environmental Management, 298, 1-9.
  • Yu, J., & Li, Y. (2020). Evolution of marine spatial planning policies for mariculture in China: overview, experience and prospects. Ocean & Coastal Management, 196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105293

Sürdürülebilir deniz mekânsal planlaması üzerine bir söylem analizi

Year 2025, Issue: 48, 367 - 413, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1541966

Abstract

Deniz ekosistemleri, insan faaliyetlerinin yoğun baskısı altında korunması gereken hayati yaşam alanlarıdır. Artan nüfus, şehirleşme, endüstrileşme ve turizm gibi sektörlerin yarattığı tehditler, bu ekosistemlerin sürdürülebilir yönetimini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Deniz Mekânsal Planlaması (DMP), bu noktada devreye giren, deniz kaynaklarının hem ekonomik hem de çevresel açıdan dengeli kullanımını hedefleyen stratejik bir planlama sürecidir. DMP, 2000'li yılların başından itibaren deniz kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi için uluslararası arenada önem kazanmış bir yaklaşımdır. Bu planlama yöntemi, denizel alanların ekosistem bazlı yönetimini sağlamak amacıyla geliştirilmiş ve birçok ülkede başarılı bir şekilde uygulanmıştır. Bu makale, Türkiye’nin geniş kıyı şeridi ve zengin deniz kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi için DMP’nin uygulanabilirliğini incelerken küresel ölçekte yapılan çalışmalara ve yayınlara odaklanmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de yeni tartışılmaya başlanan bu planlama yaklaşımını, uluslararası örnekler ışığında ele alarak, deniz kaynaklarının korunması, toplumsal refahın artırılması ve mavi ekonominin geliştirilmesi için stratejik öneriler sunmaktır. Çalışmada, uluslararası literatürden seçilen DMP uygulama örnekleri söylem analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiş ve bu uygulamaların çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ve gelişim üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkileri irdelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, DMP’nin Türkiye’de başarılı bir şekilde uygulanması durumunda hem ekosistemlerin korunmasına hem de ekonomik kalkınmaya büyük katkılar sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin denizel kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi konusunda hem literatüre hem planlama yaklaşımına yeni bir perspektif sunmayı hedeflemektedir.

References

  • Akdeniz, H., & İnam, Ş. (2024). A Bibliometric Analysis of Marine Spatial Planning Research Using Vosviewer. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 133-158.
  • Baker-Polito İdaresi. (2021). 2021 Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan, Volume 1: Management and Administration. Boston: mass.gov. 09 01, 2024 tarihinde https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-ocean-management-plan adresinden alındı
  • Balas, C. (2024). Türkiye’nin açık deniz saha planlaması (DSP). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Balas, E., Genç A.N, & Balas, C. (2024). Strategic Adaptation to Climate Change through Monte Carlo-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Model in Marine Spatial Planning. Journal of Coastal Research, 113(SI), 169-174. doi:https://doi.org/10.2112/JCR-SI113-034.1
  • Ban, N., Januchowski-Hartley, S., Álvarez-Romero, J., Mills, M., Pressey, R., Linke, S., & De Freitas, D. (2013). Marine and freshwater conservation planning: from representation to persistence. Conservation planning: Shaping the future, 175-217.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. London & New York: Routledge.
  • de Vrees, L. (2021). Adaptive marine spatial planning in the Netherlands sector of the North Sea. Marine Policy, 132, 1-9.
  • Demir, A. (2025). Türkiye için Optimum Açık Deniz Üzeri Kombine Rüzgar ve Mavi Enerji Santrali Geliştirilmesi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi.
  • Douvere, F., Maes, F., Vanhulle, A., & Schrijvers, J. (2007). The role of marine spatial planning in sea use management: the Belgian case. Marine policy, 31(2), 182-191.
  • Ehler, C. (2021). Two decades of progress in Marine Spatial Planning. Marine Policy, 132, 1-16.
  • Ehler, C., & Douvere, F. (2007). Visions for a Sea change: Report of the First International Workshop on Marine Spatial Planning, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the Man and the Biosphere Programme UNESCO Headquarters. Paris, France: IOC-UNESCO. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://test.repository.oceanbestpractices.org/bitstream/handle/11329/204/48.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y adresinden alındı
  • Ehler, C., & Douvere, F. (2009). Marine Spatial Planning A Step bu Step Approach Toward Ecosystem-Based Management. Paris, Fransa.
  • Ehler, C., & Douvere, F. (2009). New perspectives on sea use management: initial findings from European experience with marine spatial planning. Journal of environmental management, 90(1), 77-88.
  • European Commission. (2021). Smart Specialisation for Sustainable Blue Economy Workshop. 08 08, 2024 tarihinde https://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/en/w/smart-specialisation-for-blue-economy-workshop adresinden alındı
  • European Union. (2014). Directive 2014/89/EU Of The European Parliament And Of The Council. 07 30, 2024 tarihinde https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2014.257.01.0135.01.ENG%20 adresinden alındı
  • European Union. (2014). Directive 2014/89/EU Of The European Parliament And Of The Council. 12 14, 2024 tarihinde https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2014.257.01.0135.01.ENG%20 adresinden alındı
  • Gökmen, L. (2016, July 1). Konutta proje ligi. Ekonomist: http://www.ekonomist.com.tr/kapak-konusu/konutta-proje-ligi.html adresinden alındı
  • Gülbitti, M., & Özüduru, B. (2020). Türkiye’deki bütünleşik kıyı alanları yönetimi süreçlerinin stratejik mekânsal planlama süreçleri ile ilişkili olarak değerlendirilmesi. Planlama Dergisi, 30(1), 36-53.
  • Güneş, Ş. (1997). Deniz Kirlenmesi, Devletin Sorumluluğu, 1982 Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi ve Türkiye. Türkiye Kıyıları 97. Konferans Bildiriler Kitabı. Ankara.
  • Hudson, A. (2020, 02 23). The ocean and COVID-19. undp.org: https://www.undp.org/blog/ocean-and-covid-19#:~:text=In%20the%20near%20term%2C%20the,climate%20change%20on%20the%20ocean. adresinden alındı
  • IMO. (2022). Revised Strategic Plan For The Organization For The Six-Year Period 2018 To 2023. 30 07, 2024 tarihinde chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/About/strategy/Documents/A%2032-Res.1149.pdf adresinden alındı
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2007). Visions for a Sea change: Report of the First International Workshop on Marine Spatial Planning, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the Man and the Biosphere Programme UNESCO Headquarters. Paris, France: UNESCO Digital Library.
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2009). Marine spatial planning: a step-by-step approach toward ecosystem-based management. UNESCO Digital Library.
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2021). MSPglobal International Guide on Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning. Paris. 12 14, 2024 tarihinde https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379196?posInSet=1&queryId=490500b0-7448-4d99-b6a2-419babc2e719 adresinden alındı
  • IOC-UNESCO. (2021). MSPglobal International Guide on Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning. Paris: UNESCO Digital Library. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379196?posInSet=1&queryId=490500b0-7448-4d99-b6a2-419babc2e719 adresinden alındı
  • Kayapınar, Y. (2024). Türkiye'de Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Yönetim ve Planlaması ile Deniz Mekansal Planlama İlişkisi. Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi, 3(6), 10-29.
  • Kuckartz, U., & Rädiker, S. (2019). Analyzing qualitative data with MAXQDA. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Maes, F., Vanhulle, A., & Lescrauwaet, A. (2013). Marine Spatial Planning. A. Lescrauwaet, H. Piriei, T. Verleye, J. Mees, & R. Herman (Dü.), Compendium for Coast and Sea 2013: integrating knowledge on the socio-economic, environmental and institutional aspects of the Coast and Sea in Flanders and Belgium içinde, (s. 261-273). Belçika.
  • Murray, J. (1900). Murray's Hand-book Constantinople Brusa, and the Throad. London: John Murray.
  • Nutters, H., & da Silva, P. (2012). Fishery stakeholder engagement and marine spatial planning: Lessons from the Rhode Island Ocean SAMP and the Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan. Ocean & coastal management, 67, 9-18.
  • Resmi Gazete. (2014). Mekansal Planlar Yapım Yönetmeliği. https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=19788&MevzuatTur=7&MevzuatTertip= adresinden alındı
  • Roitman, S. (2010). Gated communities: definitions, causes and consequences. Urban Design and Planning, 163(1), 31-38.
  • Rojek, C. (2000). Indexing, Dragging and the Social Construction of Tourist Sights. C. R. Urry içinde, Touring Cultures. Transformation of Travel and Theory (s. 52-74). New York: Routledge.
  • Santos, C., Ehler, C., Agardy, T., Andrade, F., Orbach, M., & Crowder, L. (2019). Marine spatial planning. In World seas: An environmental evaluation, 571-592.
  • Scory, S., Devolder, M., Youdjou, N., & Vigin, L. (2016). Marine Atlas supports Belgium's Marine Spatial Plan. International Coastal Atlas Network Newsletter, 5(1), 1-10. https://ican.iode.org/es/noticias/8-english/news/98-marine-atlas-supports-belgium-s-marine-spatial-plan adresinden alındı
  • Suncls, A., & Cai, I. (1982). United Nations convention on the law of the sea. In United Nations. 07 27, 2024 tarihinde https://www. un. org/Depts/los/convention% 5fagreements/texts/unclos/closindx. htm adresinden alındı
  • T.C Cumhurbaşkanlığı. (2019). On Birinci Kalkınma Planı (2019-2023). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/On_Birinci_Kalkinma_Plani-2019-2023.pdf adresinden alındı
  • United Nations. (1982). United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Montego Bay, Jamaika.
  • United Nations. (1992). Agenda 21 : programme of action for sustainable development, Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, statement of forest principles : the final text of agreements negotiated. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: UN Digital Library. 02 23, 2025 tarihinde https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/170126 adresinden alındı
  • Ye, G., Fei, J., Wang, Z., Jiang, Q., Gaines, S., & Ming, C. (2021). A novel marine spatial management tool for multiple conflicts recognition and optimization of marine functional zoning in the East China sea. Journal of Environmental Management, 298, 1-9.
  • Yu, J., & Li, Y. (2020). Evolution of marine spatial planning policies for mariculture in China: overview, experience and prospects. Ocean & Coastal Management, 196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105293
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Land Use and Environmental Planning, Regulatory Planning and Development Assessment, City and Regional Planning, Strategic, Metropolitan and Regional Planning
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tuğçe Nida Nur Özbek 0000-0001-6267-528X

N. Aydan Sat 0000-0003-0997-3602

Early Pub Date June 30, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date September 2, 2024
Acceptance Date June 23, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 48

Cite

APA Özbek, T. N. N., & Sat, N. A. (2025). Sürdürülebilir deniz mekânsal planlaması üzerine bir söylem analizi. İDEALKENT(48), 367-413. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1541966