<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>ieja</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>International Electronic Journal of Algebra</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1306-6048</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Abdullah HARMANCI</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24330/ieja.440117</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Mathematical Sciences</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Matematik</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <article-title>A NOTE ON MAL&#039;TSEV-NEUMANN PRODUCTS OF RADICAL CLASSES</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Gardner</surname>
                                    <given-names>B. J.</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20180705">
                    <day>07</day>
                    <month>05</month>
                    <year>2018</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>24</volume>
                                        <issue>24</issue>
                                        <fpage>1</fpage>
                                        <lpage>11</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20160416">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2016</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2007, International Electronic Journal of Algebra</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2007</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>International Electronic Journal of Algebra</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>A radical class R of rings is elementary if it contains preciselythose rings whose singly generated subrings are in R. Many examples of ele-mentary radical classes are presented, and all those which are either containedin the Jacobson radical class or disjoint from it are described. There is a dis-cussion of Mal&#039;tsev products of radical classes in general, in which it is shown,among other things, that a product of elementary radical classes need not bea radical class, and if it is, it need not be elementary.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Radical class</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  locally equational class</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Mal&#039;tsev-Neumann product</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">A. J. Diesl, Nil clean rings, J. Algebra, 383 (2013), 197-211.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">P. A. Freidman, K teorii radikala assotsiativnogo kol&#039;tsa, Izv. V.U.Z. Matematika,
3(4) (1958), 225-232.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">L. Fuchs, Abelian Groups, Springer Monographs in Mathematics, Springer,
Cham, 2015.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. J. Gardner, Torsion classes and pure subgroups, Pacic. J. Math., 33 (1970),
109-116.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. J. Gardner, Elementary radical classes, Int. Electron. J. Algebra, 23 (2018),
25-41.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. J. Gardner and R. Wiegandt, Radical Theory of Rings, Monographs and
Textbooks in Pure and Applied Mathematics, 261, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New
York, 2004.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">G. Gratzer, H. Lakser and J. P lonka, Joins and direct products of equational
classes, Canad. Math. Bull., 12 (1969), 741-744.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">T. K. Hu, Locally equational classes of universal algebras, Chinese J. Math.,
1(2) (1973), 143-165.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">T. Kosan, Z. Wang and Y. Zhou, Nil-clean and strongly nil-clean rings, J. Pure
Appl. Algebra, 220(2) (2016), 633-646.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">N. V. Loi, Essentially closed radical classes, J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. A,
35(1) (1983), 132-142.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">A. I. Mal&#039;tsev, Obumnozhenii klassov algebraicheskikh sistem, Sibirsii Mat.
Zh., 8 (1967), 346-365.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">N. R. McConnell and T. Stokes, Generalising quasiregularity for rings, Austral.
Math. Soc. Gaz., 25(5) (1998), 250-252.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">H. Neumann, Varieties of Groups, Springer-Verlag, New York, Inc., New York,
1967.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">W. K. Nicholson and Y. Zhou, Clean general rings, J. Algebra, 291(1) (2005),
297-311.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">P. N. Stewart, Semi-simple radical classes, Pacic. J. Math., 32 (1970), 249-
254.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
