Nephroprotective Effect of Apilarnil in Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Model

Abstract

Aim: High-dose and long-term acetaminophen (paracetamol; PAR) use can cause acute and chronic kidney damage. It was reported that apilarnil (AP), an apitherapy product obtained from drone larvae, has high antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the effect of apilarnil on kidney tissue damage, oxidative status, and inflammation in an acetaminophen-induced renal injury model was investigated.

Method: A total of 32 adult male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into 4 groups as control, paracetamol (PAR), paracetamol+apilarnil (PAR+AP) and apilarnil (AP) groups. A dose of 600 mg/kg PAR was used to create the acute kidney injury model. AP was administered at a dose of 0.8 mg/kg. Kidney tissue histopathology was evaluated with the hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining method. Renal tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression was determined by the indirect immunohistochemical method. Renal glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by the ELISA method.

Results: PAR administration caused an increase in MDA level in kidney tissue, while antioxidant enzyme levels of SOD, CAT and GPx decreased. PAR also caused an increase in renal TNF-α immunohistochemical expression. AP treatment provided a significant decrease in MDA level, while GPx and SOD levels increased. AP treatment also provided a decrease in renal TNF-α expression and tubular damage score.

Conclusion: This study is the first report showing that AP prevents paracetamol-induced renal damage. AP may be an option that can be used for the treatment of high-dose paracetamol-induced renal damage.

Keywords

• Acetaminophen
• apilarnil
• acute kidney injury

Asetaminofen ile İndüklenen Akut Böbrek Hasarı Modelinde Apilarnilin Nefroprotektif Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Yüksek doz ve uzun süre Asetaminofen (parasetamol) kullanımı akut ve kronik böbrek hasarına neden olabilmektedir. Erkek arı larvasından elde edilen bir apiterapik ürün olan apilarnilin, yüksek antioksidatif ve antiinflamatuvar etkilere sahip olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmada asetaminofen-uyarımlı renal hasar modelinde apilarnilin böbrek doku hasarı, oksidatif statü ve inflamasyon üzerindeki etkisi incelendi.

Yöntem: Çalışmada 32 adet erişkin erkek Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar kontrol, parasetamol (PAR), parasetamol+apilarnil (PAR+AP) ve apilarnil (AP) olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı. Akut böbrek hasar modeli oluşturmada 600 mg/kg PAR kullanıldı. AP 0,8 mg/kg dozda uygulandı. Böbrek doku histopatolojisi hematoksilen – eozin (H&E) boyama yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Renal TNF-α ifadesi indirekt immünohistokimyasal yöntemle belirlendi. Renal glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT) ve Malondialdehit (MDA) seviyeleri ELISA yöntemi ile belirlendi.

Bulgular: PAR uygulaması böbrek dokusunda MDA seviyesinde artışa neden olurken; antioksidan enzimler SOD, CAT ve GPx seviyelerinde azalmaya neden oldu. Ayrıca PAR, renal TNF-α immünohistokimyasal ifadesinde artışa neden oldu. AP tedavisi MDA seviyesinde anlamlı bir azalma sağlarken, GPx ve SOD seviyesinde artış sağladı. Ayrıca AP uygulaması renal TNF-α ifadesi ve tübüler hasar skorunda azalma sağladı.

Sonuç:  Araştırmamız AP’nin parasetamol-uyarımlı renal hasarı engellediğini gösteren ilk rapordur. AP, yüksek doz parasetamol kaynaklı renal hasarın tedavisinde kullanılabilecek alternatif bir seçenek olabilir.

Keywords

• Asetaminofen
• apilarnil
• akut böbrek hasarı

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