Research Article
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University Students' Perspective on Sexual Myths and Related Factors

Year 2021, Issue: 13, 71 - 87, 29.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.845736

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the thoughts of the students studying at the School of Health Sciences on sexual myths.
Method: The study was carried out face-to-face with 325 students studying at a foundation university. The data of the study were collected using the “Introductory Information Form” and “Sexual Myths Scale”. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskall-Wallis Test and Spearman rho correlation test were used to analyze the data.
Results: It was determined that 69,5% of the students participating in the study were female, 97,5% were single, and 69,8% lived in the city. The sexual orientation and masturbation sub-dimension mean scores of the students whose families live in the Eastern Anatolia Region were found to be significantly higher. Male sexual orientation, gender, age and sexuality, sexual behavior, sexual intercourse, sexual satisfaction sub-dimension mean scores and total sexual myths scores were statistically significant compared to women (p<0,05). Sexual orientation, masturbation and sexual violence sub-dimension mean scores and total sexual myths mean scores were found higher in students who find it inappropriate to have sexual experiences before marriage than others who find it appropriate.
Conclusion: Men are more likely to believe in sexual myths than women. The geographical region in which the individual's family lives affects their belief in sexual myths. Cultural and geographical differences should be taken into consideration while planning the sexual health trainings organized in order to transfer sexual information to the society correctly.

References

  • Greenberg JS, Bruess CE, Oswalt SB. Exploring the dimensions of human sexuality. (6rd Ed.) USA: Jones & Bartlett Learning,2017.
  • WHO(2006).https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/sexual_health/sh_definitions/en/ Erişim Tarihi 15 Eylül 2020.
  • Apay SE, Akpınar RB, Arslan S. Öğrencilerin cinsel mitlerinin incelenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2013;16(2):96-102.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK). Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=TDK.GTS.5c7f9e611df877 .40405384. Erişim Tarihi 12 Eylül 2020.
  • Özdemir Ö, Yılmaz M. Sağlık profesyonellerinin cinsel mitlere inanma durumlarının belirlenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2020;4(3):221-232.
  • Hill JC, Graber JA, Jean-Baptiste E, Johnson KJ. Factors associated with attitude- behavior conflicts among sexually experienced, rural, early adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence. 2019;39(1):81-96.
  • Kaya A, Boz İ. The development of the professional values model in nursing. Nurs Ethics. 2017;26(3):914-923.
  • Öz HG, Sözer GA, Yangın HB. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin cinsel mitlere inanma durumları ve etkileyen faktörler. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2020;3(2):136-145.
  • Macintyre AKJ, Montero Vega AR, Sagbakken M. Sexuality? A million things come to mind: Reflections on gender and sexuality by Chilean adolescents. Reproductive Health Matters. 2015;23(46):85-95.
  • Ashcraft AM, Murray PJ. Talking to parents about adolescent sexuality. Pediatric Clinics. 2017;64(2):305-320.
  • Dhami S, Sheikh A. The Muslim family: Predicament and promise. Western Journal of Medicine. 2000;173(5):352–356.
  • Sharon D, Gonen A, Linetsky I. Factors influencing nursing students’ intention to practice sexuality education in their professional work. American Journal of Sexuality Education. 2020;15(3):1-17.
  • Cinsel Sağlık Enstitüsü Derneği (CİSED). Cinsel Mitler. http://www.cised.org.tr/sayfa146.html Erişim Tarihi 01 Ekim 2020.
  • Civil B, Yıldız H. Erkek öğrencilerin cinsel deneyimleri ve toplumdaki cinsel tabulara yönelik görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi. 2010;3(2):58-64.
  • Torun F, Torun SD, Özaydın AN. Erkeklerde cinsel mitlere ı̇nanma oranları ve mitlere ı̇nanmayı etkileyen faktörler. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi. 2011;24(1):24-31.
  • Kukulu K, Gürsoy E, Ak SG. Turkish university students beliefs in sexual myths. Sexuality and Disability. 2009;27(1):49-59.
  • Gölbaşı Z, Evcili F, Eroğlu K, Bircan H. Sexual myths scale [SMS]: Development, validity and reliability in Turkey. Sexuality and Disability. 2016;34(1):75–87.
  • Evcili F, Gölbaşı Z. Sexual myths and sexual health knowledge levels of Turkish university students. Sexuality & Culture. 2017;21(4):976-990.
  • Evcili F, Demirel G. Sexual myths of midwifery and nursing students and their attitude regarding the assessment of sexual health. Journal of Human Sciences. 2018;15(4):2280-2288.
  • Hendrickx K, Lodewijckx E, Van Royen P, Denekens J. Sexual behaviour of second generation Moroccan immigrants balancing between traditional attitudes and safe sex. Patient Education and Counseling. 2002;47(2):89-94.
  • Aker S, Şahin MK, Oğuz G. Sexual myth beliefs and associated factors in university students. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2019;13(4):472-480.
  • Torun F, Torun SD, Özaydın AN. Erkeklerde cinsel mitlere inanma oranları ve mitlere inanmayı etkileyen faktörler. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi. 2011;24:24–31.
  • Kısa S, Zeyneloğlu S, Yılmaz D, Verim E. Evlilik hazırlığı yapan çiftlerin cinsellikle ilgili bilgi ve inanışları. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2013;12(3):297-306.
  • Ziya ZA. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Cinsel Mit İnançları, Cinsel Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Cinsel Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkiler [yüksek lisans tezi]. İstanbul, Türkiye: Haliç Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Psikoloji Anabilim Dalı;2015.
  • Aker S, Böke Ö. The effect of education on the sexual beliefs of family physicians. International Journal of Sexual Health. 2016;28(1):111-116.
  • McMahon S. Rape myth beliefs and bystander attitudes among incoming college students. Journal of American College Health. 2010;59(1):3–11.
  • Lefkowitz E, Shearer C, Gillen M, Espinosa-Hernandez G. How gendered attitudes relate to women’s and men’s sexual behaviors and beliefs. Sexuality and Culture. 2014;18(4):833–846.
  • Macas Ordoñez EF. Adaptación y Validación de la Sexual Myths Scale en Estudiantes Universitarios Españoles [Trabajo de Fin de Máster]. Universidad de almería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Máster En Ciencias De La Sexología;2017.
  • Brodwin M, Frederick P. Sexuality and societal beliefs regarding persons living with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation. 2010;76:37-41.
  • Hammond MD, Cimpian A. Investigating the cognitive structure of stereotypes: Generic beliefs about groups predict social judgments better than statistical beliefs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 2017;146:607-614.
  • Yılmaz M, Karataş B. Opinions of student nurses on sexual myths; A phenomenological study. Sexuality and Disability. 2018;36(3):277-289.
  • Constanza S, Castaño JJ, Díaz SA, et al. Prácticas y comportamientos sexuales de estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales (Colombia) 2010. Psicología desde el Caribe. 2011;28:77-106.
  • Burki T. Health and rights challenges for China's LGBT community. The Lancet. 2017;389(10076):1286.
  • Monto M, Supinski J. Discomfort with homosexuality: A new measure captures differences in attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Journal of homosexuality. 2014;61(6):899-916.
  • Romero-Sánchez M, Megías JL, Carretero-Dios H, Neira LR. Versión colombiana de la escala Acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression: primeros análisis psicométricos. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología. 2013;45(1):121-134.
  • Harakeh Z, De LME, Schrijvers CT, Van Dorsselaer SA, Volleberg WA. Individual and environmental predictors of health risk behaviours among dutch adolescents: The Hbsc study. Public Health. 2012;126:566–573.
  • Al-Quaiz JM, Kazi A, Al-Muneef M. Determinants of sexual health knowledge in adolescent girls in schools of Riyadh-Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study. BMC Women’s Health. 2013;13(1):1–8.
  • Nyoni JE, Ross MW. Condom use and HIV-related behaviors in Urban Tanzanian men who have sex with men: A study of beliefs, HIV knowledge sources, partner interactions and risk behaviors. AIDS Care. 2013;25(2):223–229.
  • Bulduk S, Erdoğan S. The effects of peer education on reduction of the HIV/sexually transmitted infection risk behaviors among Turkish University Students. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. 2012;23:233–243.
  • Apay SE, Nagorska M, Akpınar RB, Celik AS, Binkowska-Bury, M. Student comparison of sexual myths: Two-country case. Sexuality and Disability. 2013;31(3):249-262.
  • Aygin D, Açıl H, Yaman O, Çelik Yılmaz A. Üniversitede okuyan kadın öğrencilerin cinsel mitler ile ilgili görüşleri. Androloji Bülteni. 2017;19:44−9.
  • Civil B, Yıldız H. Male students' opinions about sexual experience and social taboos related to sexuality. DEUHYO ED. 2010;3(2):58-64.
  • Yılmaz E, Zeytinci İE, Sarı S, Karababa İF, Çilli AS, Kucur R. Konya İl Merkezi’nde yaşayan evli nüfusta cinsel sorunların araştırılması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2010;21:126–34.
  • Nelson MK, Leickly E, Yang PS, Pereira A, Simoni MS. The influence of sexually explicit online media on sex: Do men who have sex with men believe they “Do what they see”? AIDS Care. 2014;26(7):931-934.
  • Wery A, Bilieux J. Online sexual activities: An exploratory study of problematic and non-problematic usage patterns in a sample of men. Computers in Human Behavior. 2016;56:257–66.
  • Tandoğan Ö, Kaydırak MM, Oskay Ü. Erkeklerin gebelikte cinsel yaşamla ilgili mitleri. Androloji Bülteni. 2019;21:134−139.

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Cinsel Mitlere Bakış Açısı ve İlişkili Faktörler

Year 2021, Issue: 13, 71 - 87, 29.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.845736

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksekokulunda okuyan öğrencilerin cinsel mitler ile ilgili düşüncelerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma bir vakıf üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 325 öğrenci ile yüz yüze görüşerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Cinsel Mitler Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U Testi, Kruskal-Wallis Testi ve Spearman rho korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %69,5’inin kadın ve %97,5’inin bekâr olduğu, %69,8’inin şehirde yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Ailesi Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yaşayan öğrencilerin cinsel yönelim ve mastürbasyon alt boyut puan ortalamaları anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Erkeklerin cinsel yönelim, toplumsal cinsiyet, yaş ve cinsellik, cinsel davranış, cinsel ilişki, cinsel memnuniyet alt boyut puan ortalamaları ve toplam cinsel mitler puanı kadınlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyim yaşanmasını uygun bulmayan öğrencilerin cinsel yönelim, mastürbasyon ve cinsel şiddet alt boyut puan ortalamaları ve toplam cinsel mitler puan ortalamaları evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyimi uygun bulan öğrencilere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Erkeklerin cinsel mitlere inanma düzeyi kadınlardan fazladır. Bireyin ailesinin yaşadığı coğrafi bölge cinsel mitlere inanma durumunu etkilemektedir. Cinsel bilgilerin topluma doğru aktarılması amacıyla düzenlenen cinsel sağlık eğitimleri planlanırken kültürel ve coğrafi farklılıklar göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

References

  • Greenberg JS, Bruess CE, Oswalt SB. Exploring the dimensions of human sexuality. (6rd Ed.) USA: Jones & Bartlett Learning,2017.
  • WHO(2006).https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/sexual_health/sh_definitions/en/ Erişim Tarihi 15 Eylül 2020.
  • Apay SE, Akpınar RB, Arslan S. Öğrencilerin cinsel mitlerinin incelenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2013;16(2):96-102.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK). Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=TDK.GTS.5c7f9e611df877 .40405384. Erişim Tarihi 12 Eylül 2020.
  • Özdemir Ö, Yılmaz M. Sağlık profesyonellerinin cinsel mitlere inanma durumlarının belirlenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2020;4(3):221-232.
  • Hill JC, Graber JA, Jean-Baptiste E, Johnson KJ. Factors associated with attitude- behavior conflicts among sexually experienced, rural, early adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence. 2019;39(1):81-96.
  • Kaya A, Boz İ. The development of the professional values model in nursing. Nurs Ethics. 2017;26(3):914-923.
  • Öz HG, Sözer GA, Yangın HB. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin cinsel mitlere inanma durumları ve etkileyen faktörler. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2020;3(2):136-145.
  • Macintyre AKJ, Montero Vega AR, Sagbakken M. Sexuality? A million things come to mind: Reflections on gender and sexuality by Chilean adolescents. Reproductive Health Matters. 2015;23(46):85-95.
  • Ashcraft AM, Murray PJ. Talking to parents about adolescent sexuality. Pediatric Clinics. 2017;64(2):305-320.
  • Dhami S, Sheikh A. The Muslim family: Predicament and promise. Western Journal of Medicine. 2000;173(5):352–356.
  • Sharon D, Gonen A, Linetsky I. Factors influencing nursing students’ intention to practice sexuality education in their professional work. American Journal of Sexuality Education. 2020;15(3):1-17.
  • Cinsel Sağlık Enstitüsü Derneği (CİSED). Cinsel Mitler. http://www.cised.org.tr/sayfa146.html Erişim Tarihi 01 Ekim 2020.
  • Civil B, Yıldız H. Erkek öğrencilerin cinsel deneyimleri ve toplumdaki cinsel tabulara yönelik görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi. 2010;3(2):58-64.
  • Torun F, Torun SD, Özaydın AN. Erkeklerde cinsel mitlere ı̇nanma oranları ve mitlere ı̇nanmayı etkileyen faktörler. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi. 2011;24(1):24-31.
  • Kukulu K, Gürsoy E, Ak SG. Turkish university students beliefs in sexual myths. Sexuality and Disability. 2009;27(1):49-59.
  • Gölbaşı Z, Evcili F, Eroğlu K, Bircan H. Sexual myths scale [SMS]: Development, validity and reliability in Turkey. Sexuality and Disability. 2016;34(1):75–87.
  • Evcili F, Gölbaşı Z. Sexual myths and sexual health knowledge levels of Turkish university students. Sexuality & Culture. 2017;21(4):976-990.
  • Evcili F, Demirel G. Sexual myths of midwifery and nursing students and their attitude regarding the assessment of sexual health. Journal of Human Sciences. 2018;15(4):2280-2288.
  • Hendrickx K, Lodewijckx E, Van Royen P, Denekens J. Sexual behaviour of second generation Moroccan immigrants balancing between traditional attitudes and safe sex. Patient Education and Counseling. 2002;47(2):89-94.
  • Aker S, Şahin MK, Oğuz G. Sexual myth beliefs and associated factors in university students. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2019;13(4):472-480.
  • Torun F, Torun SD, Özaydın AN. Erkeklerde cinsel mitlere inanma oranları ve mitlere inanmayı etkileyen faktörler. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi. 2011;24:24–31.
  • Kısa S, Zeyneloğlu S, Yılmaz D, Verim E. Evlilik hazırlığı yapan çiftlerin cinsellikle ilgili bilgi ve inanışları. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2013;12(3):297-306.
  • Ziya ZA. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Cinsel Mit İnançları, Cinsel Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Cinsel Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkiler [yüksek lisans tezi]. İstanbul, Türkiye: Haliç Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Psikoloji Anabilim Dalı;2015.
  • Aker S, Böke Ö. The effect of education on the sexual beliefs of family physicians. International Journal of Sexual Health. 2016;28(1):111-116.
  • McMahon S. Rape myth beliefs and bystander attitudes among incoming college students. Journal of American College Health. 2010;59(1):3–11.
  • Lefkowitz E, Shearer C, Gillen M, Espinosa-Hernandez G. How gendered attitudes relate to women’s and men’s sexual behaviors and beliefs. Sexuality and Culture. 2014;18(4):833–846.
  • Macas Ordoñez EF. Adaptación y Validación de la Sexual Myths Scale en Estudiantes Universitarios Españoles [Trabajo de Fin de Máster]. Universidad de almería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Máster En Ciencias De La Sexología;2017.
  • Brodwin M, Frederick P. Sexuality and societal beliefs regarding persons living with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation. 2010;76:37-41.
  • Hammond MD, Cimpian A. Investigating the cognitive structure of stereotypes: Generic beliefs about groups predict social judgments better than statistical beliefs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 2017;146:607-614.
  • Yılmaz M, Karataş B. Opinions of student nurses on sexual myths; A phenomenological study. Sexuality and Disability. 2018;36(3):277-289.
  • Constanza S, Castaño JJ, Díaz SA, et al. Prácticas y comportamientos sexuales de estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales (Colombia) 2010. Psicología desde el Caribe. 2011;28:77-106.
  • Burki T. Health and rights challenges for China's LGBT community. The Lancet. 2017;389(10076):1286.
  • Monto M, Supinski J. Discomfort with homosexuality: A new measure captures differences in attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Journal of homosexuality. 2014;61(6):899-916.
  • Romero-Sánchez M, Megías JL, Carretero-Dios H, Neira LR. Versión colombiana de la escala Acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression: primeros análisis psicométricos. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología. 2013;45(1):121-134.
  • Harakeh Z, De LME, Schrijvers CT, Van Dorsselaer SA, Volleberg WA. Individual and environmental predictors of health risk behaviours among dutch adolescents: The Hbsc study. Public Health. 2012;126:566–573.
  • Al-Quaiz JM, Kazi A, Al-Muneef M. Determinants of sexual health knowledge in adolescent girls in schools of Riyadh-Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study. BMC Women’s Health. 2013;13(1):1–8.
  • Nyoni JE, Ross MW. Condom use and HIV-related behaviors in Urban Tanzanian men who have sex with men: A study of beliefs, HIV knowledge sources, partner interactions and risk behaviors. AIDS Care. 2013;25(2):223–229.
  • Bulduk S, Erdoğan S. The effects of peer education on reduction of the HIV/sexually transmitted infection risk behaviors among Turkish University Students. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. 2012;23:233–243.
  • Apay SE, Nagorska M, Akpınar RB, Celik AS, Binkowska-Bury, M. Student comparison of sexual myths: Two-country case. Sexuality and Disability. 2013;31(3):249-262.
  • Aygin D, Açıl H, Yaman O, Çelik Yılmaz A. Üniversitede okuyan kadın öğrencilerin cinsel mitler ile ilgili görüşleri. Androloji Bülteni. 2017;19:44−9.
  • Civil B, Yıldız H. Male students' opinions about sexual experience and social taboos related to sexuality. DEUHYO ED. 2010;3(2):58-64.
  • Yılmaz E, Zeytinci İE, Sarı S, Karababa İF, Çilli AS, Kucur R. Konya İl Merkezi’nde yaşayan evli nüfusta cinsel sorunların araştırılması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2010;21:126–34.
  • Nelson MK, Leickly E, Yang PS, Pereira A, Simoni MS. The influence of sexually explicit online media on sex: Do men who have sex with men believe they “Do what they see”? AIDS Care. 2014;26(7):931-934.
  • Wery A, Bilieux J. Online sexual activities: An exploratory study of problematic and non-problematic usage patterns in a sample of men. Computers in Human Behavior. 2016;56:257–66.
  • Tandoğan Ö, Kaydırak MM, Oskay Ü. Erkeklerin gebelikte cinsel yaşamla ilgili mitleri. Androloji Bülteni. 2019;21:134−139.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Canan Örüklü 0000-0002-9545-5176

Destina Gizem Dağcı 0000-0002-9844-5475

Sultan Çakmak 0000-0001-8505-9586

Publication Date April 29, 2021
Acceptance Date January 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 13

Cite

JAMA Örüklü C, Dağcı DG, Çakmak S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Cinsel Mitlere Bakış Açısı ve İlişkili Faktörler. IGUSABDER. 2021;:71–87.

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