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Determination of Nurses' Knowledge Levels on Using the Z-Track Technique in Intramuscular Injection Application

Year 2024, Issue: 24, 1222 - 1233, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1508825

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the knowledge level of nurses working in a public hospital regarding the use of the Z-track technique in intramuscular injection application.
Method: This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 130 nurses working in a public hospital in Turkey between January and April 2019. "Personal information form" and the "Suggestions form for the use of Z-track technique in intramuscular injection application" were completed. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation. The significance level was taken as p < 0.05.
Results: In this study, 71.5% of the nurses stated that they did not receive Z-track technique training, 78.5% did not use the Z-track technique, and 55.4% stated that they did not have sufficient knowledge about the Z-track technique. The mean accuracy score of nurses' knowledge regarding the use of the Z-track technique in IM injection was 7.61±2.41. The level of knowledge about the Z-track technique was found to be statistically higher in those below 30 years of age, in single people, and in those working in clinics that perform IM injections (p<0.05). In the research, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the knowledge levels of those whose professional working time was between 11 and 15 years (Mean Rank = 46.09) and those whose professional working time was 5 years or less (Mean Rank = 77.46) (p = 0.031). Likewise, in the study, there was a statistically significant difference between the knowledge levels of those who worked at their current workplace for 10 and 12 years (Mean Rank = 44.26) and those who worked for 4 and 6 years (Mean Rank = 78.04) (p = 0.037). A statistically significant, weak negative linear relationship was identified between age (r=-0.324, p=0.000), professional experience (r=-0.250, p=0.004), and tenure at the current workplace (r=-0.217, p=0.013) with knowledge levels.
Conclusion: This study found that nurses' knowledge levels regarding the Z technique were insufficient. In order for nurses to have up-to-date information, it is recommended to provide in-service training at regular intervals and to measure training outcomes through exams. In addition, in order to increase the use of Z-track technique, it would be useful to develop, implement and supervise standards for the use of Z-track technique.

References

  • 1. Akbıyık A. Parenteral Drug Applications. Kara Kaşıkçı M, Akın E. editors. Basic Nursing Fundamentals, Concepts, Principles, Practices. 1st Edition. Istanbul: Istanbul Medical Bookstores. 2021;543-553.
  • 2. Göçmen Baykara Z, Çalışkan N, Öztürk D, Karadağ A. Basic Nursing Skills. Ankara: Ankara Nobel Medical Bookstore. 2019.
  • 3. İnce M, Tuncer M, Khorshid L. Theses on site and methods to reduce intramuscular injection pain: A systematic review. Ordu University Journal of Nursing Studies. 2023;6(1):182-192.
  • 4. Kara D, Yapucu Güneş Ü. The effect on pain of three different methods of intramuscular injection: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract. 2016;22(2):152-159. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12358.
  • 5. Berman A, Snyder SJ, Kozier B, Erb G. Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing Conceps, Process, and Practice. 8th ed., Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 2008;873-874.
  • 6. Potter PA, Perry AG, Hall A, Stockert PA. (Eds.). Fundamentals of Nursing (7th ed.). Elsevier Mosby. 2009.
  • 7. Taylor C, Lillis C, LeMone P, Lynn P. Fundamentals of Nursing the Art and Science of Nursing Care. 6th ed., Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 2008.
  • 8. Alaşar B, Çevik K. The effect of different techniques used in intramuscular injection on pain and drug leakage. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences. 2021;7(2):79-92.
  • 9. Şanlıalp Zeyrek A, Kuzu Kurban N. The effect of education on knowledge and administration of intramuscular injection of nurses: Z technique and ventrogluteal site. Journal of Research and Development in Nursing. 2017;19(1):26-37.
  • 10. Yilmaz D, Khorshid L, Dedeoglu Y. The effect of the Z-track technique on pain and drug leakage in intramuscular injections. Clinical Nurse Specialist. 2016;30(6):E7-E12. doi: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000245.
  • 11. Gülnar E, Çalışkan N. Determination of knowledge level of nurses regarding intramuscular injection administration to ventrogluteal site. E-Journal of Dokuz Eylul University Nursing Faculty. 2014;7(2):70-77.
  • 12. Legrand G, Guiguet-Auclair C, Viennet H, et al. A. Nurses' practices in the preparation and administration of intramuscular injections in mental health: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28(17-18):3310-3317. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14909.
  • 13. Yüksel Baş D, Kececi A. Barriers of nurses’ about “Z-Track Method” which is used in intramuscular injections applications. Akdeniz Nursing Journal. 2023;2(1):1-9.
  • 14. Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2018;126(5):1763-1768.
  • 15. Arslan GG, Özden D. Creating a change in the use of ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:1749-1756.
  • 16. Sarı D, Şahin M, Yaşar E, et al. Investigation of Turkish nurses frequency and knowledge of administration of intramusculer injections to the ventrogluteal site: Results from questionnaires. Nurse Education Today. 2017;56:47-51.
  • 17. Kara D, Uzelli D, Karaman D. Using ventrogluteal site in intramuscular injections is a priority or an alternative? International Journal of Caring Sciences. 2015;8(2):507-513.
  • 18. Su S, Bekmezci E. The reasons for the nurses not to use ventrogluteal region in intramuscular injection administration. Journal of Education And Research in Nursing. 2020;17(1):46-50.
  • 19. Gülnar E, Özveren H. An evaluation of the effectiveness of a planned training program for nurses on administering intramusculer injections into the ventrogluteal site. Nurse Education Today. 2016;36:360-363.
  • 20. Pullen RL Jr. Administering medication by the Z-track method. Nursing. 2005;35(7):24. doi: 10.1097/00152193-200507000-00018.

Hemşirelerin İntramüsküler Enjeksiyon Uygulamasında Z Tekniğini Kullanmalarına Yönelik Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2024, Issue: 24, 1222 - 1233, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1508825

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma bir devlet hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerin intramüsküler enjeksiyon (IM) uygulamasında Z tekniğini kullanımına ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmaya Ocak-Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'deki bir devlet hastanesinde çalışan 130 hemşire katılmıştır. Veriler, “Kişisel bilgi formu” ve “İntramüsküler enjeksiyon uygulamasında Z tekniği kullanımına yönelik önermeler formu” ile toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler arasında Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Spearman korelasyonu yer aldı. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak alındı.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada hemşirelerin %71,5’i Z tekniği eğitimi almadığını, %78,5’i Z tekniğini kullanmadığını, %55,4’ü Z tekniğine yönelik yeterli bilgisinin olmadığını ifade etmiştir. Hemşirelerin IM enjeksiyon uygulamasında Z tekniği kullanımına yönelik bilgi önermelerinin doğru ortalaması 7,61±2,41 olarak bulunmuştur. Z tekniğine yönelik bilgi düzeyi 30 yaş altında olanlarda, bekârlarda ve IM enjeksiyon uygulayan kliniklerde görev yapanlarda istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Araştırmamızda mesleki çalışma süresi 11- 15 yıl arası olanlar (Mean Rank=46,09) ile 5 yıl ve altı olanların (Mean Rank=77,46) (p= 0.031) bilgi düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu saptanmıştır. Aynı şekilde araştırmamızda şu anki iş yerinde çalışma süresi 10-12 yıl arası olanlar (Mean Rank=44,26) ile 4-6 yıl arası olanların (Mean Rank=78,04) (p=0,037) bilgi düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu saptanmıştır. Yaş (r=-0,324; p=0,000), mesleki çalışma süresi (r=-0,250; p=0,004) ve şu anki iş yerinde çalışma süresi (r=-0,217; p=0,013) ile bilgi düzeyi arasında zayıf düzeyde negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı doğrusal bir ilişki saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada hemşirelerin Z tekniğine yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin yeterli olmadığı bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerin güncel bilgiye sahip olmaları için düzenli aralıklarla hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi ve sınavlarla eğitim çıktılarının ölçülmesi önerilmektedir. Ayrıca Z tekniği kullanımını artırmak için Z tekniği kullanımına yönelik standartların geliştirilmesi, uygulanması ve denetlenmesi yararlı olacaktır.

References

  • 1. Akbıyık A. Parenteral Drug Applications. Kara Kaşıkçı M, Akın E. editors. Basic Nursing Fundamentals, Concepts, Principles, Practices. 1st Edition. Istanbul: Istanbul Medical Bookstores. 2021;543-553.
  • 2. Göçmen Baykara Z, Çalışkan N, Öztürk D, Karadağ A. Basic Nursing Skills. Ankara: Ankara Nobel Medical Bookstore. 2019.
  • 3. İnce M, Tuncer M, Khorshid L. Theses on site and methods to reduce intramuscular injection pain: A systematic review. Ordu University Journal of Nursing Studies. 2023;6(1):182-192.
  • 4. Kara D, Yapucu Güneş Ü. The effect on pain of three different methods of intramuscular injection: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract. 2016;22(2):152-159. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12358.
  • 5. Berman A, Snyder SJ, Kozier B, Erb G. Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing Conceps, Process, and Practice. 8th ed., Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 2008;873-874.
  • 6. Potter PA, Perry AG, Hall A, Stockert PA. (Eds.). Fundamentals of Nursing (7th ed.). Elsevier Mosby. 2009.
  • 7. Taylor C, Lillis C, LeMone P, Lynn P. Fundamentals of Nursing the Art and Science of Nursing Care. 6th ed., Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 2008.
  • 8. Alaşar B, Çevik K. The effect of different techniques used in intramuscular injection on pain and drug leakage. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences. 2021;7(2):79-92.
  • 9. Şanlıalp Zeyrek A, Kuzu Kurban N. The effect of education on knowledge and administration of intramuscular injection of nurses: Z technique and ventrogluteal site. Journal of Research and Development in Nursing. 2017;19(1):26-37.
  • 10. Yilmaz D, Khorshid L, Dedeoglu Y. The effect of the Z-track technique on pain and drug leakage in intramuscular injections. Clinical Nurse Specialist. 2016;30(6):E7-E12. doi: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000245.
  • 11. Gülnar E, Çalışkan N. Determination of knowledge level of nurses regarding intramuscular injection administration to ventrogluteal site. E-Journal of Dokuz Eylul University Nursing Faculty. 2014;7(2):70-77.
  • 12. Legrand G, Guiguet-Auclair C, Viennet H, et al. A. Nurses' practices in the preparation and administration of intramuscular injections in mental health: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28(17-18):3310-3317. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14909.
  • 13. Yüksel Baş D, Kececi A. Barriers of nurses’ about “Z-Track Method” which is used in intramuscular injections applications. Akdeniz Nursing Journal. 2023;2(1):1-9.
  • 14. Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2018;126(5):1763-1768.
  • 15. Arslan GG, Özden D. Creating a change in the use of ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:1749-1756.
  • 16. Sarı D, Şahin M, Yaşar E, et al. Investigation of Turkish nurses frequency and knowledge of administration of intramusculer injections to the ventrogluteal site: Results from questionnaires. Nurse Education Today. 2017;56:47-51.
  • 17. Kara D, Uzelli D, Karaman D. Using ventrogluteal site in intramuscular injections is a priority or an alternative? International Journal of Caring Sciences. 2015;8(2):507-513.
  • 18. Su S, Bekmezci E. The reasons for the nurses not to use ventrogluteal region in intramuscular injection administration. Journal of Education And Research in Nursing. 2020;17(1):46-50.
  • 19. Gülnar E, Özveren H. An evaluation of the effectiveness of a planned training program for nurses on administering intramusculer injections into the ventrogluteal site. Nurse Education Today. 2016;36:360-363.
  • 20. Pullen RL Jr. Administering medication by the Z-track method. Nursing. 2005;35(7):24. doi: 10.1097/00152193-200507000-00018.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Fundamentals of Nursing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nadiye Barış Eren 0000-0002-1935-244X

Early Pub Date December 30, 2024
Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date July 2, 2024
Acceptance Date November 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 24

Cite

JAMA Barış Eren N. Determination of Nurses’ Knowledge Levels on Using the Z-Track Technique in Intramuscular Injection Application. IGUSABDER. 2024;:1222–1233.

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