DYNAMICS AND DIRECTIONS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 7, 40 - 48, 30.04.2017

Stevo Pašalić Drago Vuković Miladin Jovičić Dalibor Stević

https://doi.org/10.18769/ijasos.309482

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Population of BiH as a whole and its
lower territorial units depends on the birth rate and migration balance. Suprapopulation
(population growth) is present in a very small number of territorial units
(villages and municipalities), while depopulation (decrease of population) has
affected a large number of spatial units. During the recent
times, industrialization, agrarian reform and urbanization led to the migration
and depopulation of biological type in rural areas in the last 30 years.
Cities, as opposed to rural areas, have had so far superpopulation, noting that
now in some of them there is a biological depopulation. The form of simple
renewal of the population in BiH has changed in the late 80’s of the last
century. There are numerous causes of
migration in the territory of BiH, but the economic and political and a
security reasons were the most important. The migration demographic losses were
greatest in the total demographic losses. As a result of biovitalitent,
biodynamic and migration processes and relations in BiH, dominated by the
depopulation spatial units, spread to over more than 3/4 of its territory.
Depopulation and aging are two related demographic processes that most
influence the demographic development of an area. Depopulation encouraged by
emigration and low fertility is generally characterized as a problem,
especially for smaller territorial units that are faced with the process of
demographic extinction. Demographic
change cannot be solved by partial measures and small reforms. Major reforms,
which will compensate population decline and aging population, will be plenty painful.
Social situation for future generations will be quite different and very uncertain
looking from today's position.

Keywords

suprapopulation, depopulation, migration, birth rate, demographic changes

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