Faz Değiştiren Malzemeler ve Bina Uygulamalarındaki Gelişmeler

Year 2024, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 19 - 26, 23.12.2024

Başak Metin , Halil Bayram

Abstract

Günümüzde artan çevresel kaygılardan dolayı enerji kullanımının verimli bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmesi oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Bundan dolayı özellikle mühendislik çalışmalarında enerji depolanması, tasarrufu ve verimi konuları giderek önemli hale gelmiştir. Enerji depolama teknolojilerinin alt başlığı olan ısıl enerji depolama sistemlerinde gizli ısı ve duyulur ısı olmak üzere iki farklı yöntem kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Isıl enerjinin depolanarak gereksinim anında kullanılmasını sağlayan faz değiştiren malzemelerin (FDM) son yıllarda kullanımı inşaat, otomotiv, iklimlendirme, tekstil, lojistik, elektronik, sağlık ve daha birçok farklı alanda kullanımı giderek artmaktadır. Organik, inorganik ve ötektik olmak üzere temelde üçe ayrılan bu malzemelerin yüksek gizli ısı depolama kapasitesi ve uygun faz değişim sıcaklığına sahip olması önemli unsurlardandır. Bu çalışmada, faz değiştiren malzemelerin çeşitleri, uygulama yöntemleri ve uygulama alanlarının incelendiği bir literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. FDM’lerin özellikle binaların ısıtma ve soğutma ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasında tüketilen enerji miktarına olan etkilerinin araştırıldığı bu çalışmada FDM kullanımının hem ısıtma ve soğutma işlemlerinde harcanan enerji kullanımına hem de iç ortam sıcaklık değişimlerine katkı sağladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca FDM kullanımının hem binalarda hem de diğer alanlarda hangi yöntemler ile ve hangi parametrelerin ön plana çıktığı detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmıştır.

Keywords

Faz değiştiren malzeme, Hal değişimi, Isıl depolama, Gizli ısı

Advances in Phase Change Materials and Their Application in Buildings

Abstract

Due to increasing environmental concerns, efficient energy use has become very important. Therefore, energy storage, saving, and efficiency issues have become increasingly important, especially in engineering studies. Two different methods are used in thermal energy storage systems, which are the subheadings of energy storage technologies: latent heat and sensible heat. Phase change materials (PCMs), which allow thermal energy to be stored and used later, have been increasingly used in construction, automotive, air conditioning, textile, logistics, electronics, health, and many other areas. These materials, divided into organic, inorganic, and eutectic, must have high latent heat storage capacity and appropriate phase change temperature. This study reviews literature, considering types of phase change materials, application methods, and application areas. In this study, where the effects of PCMs on the amount of energy consumed, especially in meeting the heating and cooling demands of buildings, were investigated, it was seen that the use of PCM contributed to both the energy used in heating and cooling processes and the indoor temperature changes. In addition, it was explained in detail which methods and parameters are prominent in the use of PCM in both buildings and other areas.

Keywords

Phase change material, Change of state, Thermal storage, Latent heat

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