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WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 1 - 16, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.34111/ijebeg.202012101

Abstract

Wearable activity-tracking devices such as pedometers, various electrode-based chest straps, accelerometer-based arm straps, fashion bracelets, jewellery, fitness bands and watches, earphones, and smart clothing have revolutionised health and sports monitoring. Based on the benefits of using this wearable technology, it is no surprise that the adoption thereof has increased rapidly. In 2019, the sports, fitness, and activity monitor market is estimated to generate 2.8 billion USD in global revenue. In South Africa, merely 13 percent of households own some form of wearable technology. Dominating this market is the youth, where 33.7 percent of these individuals are between the ages of 18 to 24 years, thus belonging to the Generation Y cohort. The literature, documenting wearable activity-tracking device feature preference amongst consumers, especially among this cohort, is limited. As such, this study explored South African Generation Y students' feature preferences on wearable activity-tracking devices in order to assist device manufacturers and marketing practitioners in developing and marketing devices that will appeal to this large segment. A non-probability convenience sample of 480 students, registered at three public HEIs in South Africa’s Gauteng province, voluntarily completed self-administered questionnaires. A descriptive research design was followed and the captured data were analysed using measures of frequency. The findings indicate that the top five device features preferred by South African Generation Y students are measuring heart rate/blood pressure, tracking steps taken/distance travelled, calculating daily calories burnt, tracking sleep patterns and GPS tracking. In an effort to increase wearable activity-tracking
device adoption amongst Generation Y students, both local and international device manufacturers need to consider these device feature preferences in order to manufacture and advertise such devices accordingly.

References

  • Bassett, D.R., Freedson, P.S. & John, D. (2019). Wearable activity trackers in clinical research and practice. Kinesiology Review, 8(1), 11–15.
  • Beckham, J. (2012). Fitness trackers use psychology to motivate couch potatoes. https://www.wired.com/2012/04/fitness-tracker-psychology/ Accessed 2016/11/10.
  • Bevan-Dye, A.L. & Surujlal, J. (2011). Attitudes towards materialism in sport and materialism tendencies amongst Black Generation Y students. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, supplement, 17(4), 43-55.
  • Bumgardner, W. (2017). Fitness bands and apps with sitting time alerts. https://www.verywell.com/inactivity-tracking-devices-and-sitting-time-apps-3434970 Accessed 2017/03/28.
  • Bunn, J., Wells, E., Manor, J. & Webster, M. (2019). Evaluation of earbud and wristwatch heart rate monitors during aerobic and resistance training. International Journal of Exercise Science, 12(4), 374–384.
  • Business Tech (2015). Here are South Africa’s 26 Universities. https://businesstech.co.za/news/general/101412/here-are-south-africas-26-universities/ Accessed 2017/03/27.
  • Business Tech (2018). South Africa expected to be the next big market for smartwatches and fitness trackers. https://businesstech.co.za/news/mobile/243043/south-africa-expected-to-be-the-next-big-market-for-smartwatches-and-fitness-trackers/ Accessed 2019/07/16.
  • Caddy, B. (2016). Food trackers: the best calorie counter apps and wearables. https://www.wareable.com/health-and-wellbeing/food-trackers-the-best-calorie-counter-apps-and-wearables Accessed 2017/03/28.
  • Cadmus-Bertram, L.A., Marcus, B.H., Patterson, R.E., Parker, B.A. & Morey, B.L. (2005). Randomized trial of a Fitbit-based physical activity intervention for women, American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 49(3), 414–418.
  • Case, M.A., Burwick, H.A., Volpp, K.G. & Patel, M.S. (2015). Accuracy of smartphone applications and wearable devices for tracking physical activity data, Journal of the American Medical Association, 313(6), 625–626.
  • Chang, A. (2017). Fitness trackers buying guide. https://www.tomsguide.com/us/fitness-tracker-buying-guide,review-2549.html Accessed 2018/08/28.
  • Chu, A.H.Y., Ng, S.H.X., Paknezhad, M., Gauterin, A., Koh, D., Brown, M.S. & Müller-Riemenschneider, F. (2017). Comparison of wrist-worn Fitbit flex and waist-worn ActiGraph for measuring steps in free-living adults, PLoS ONE, 12(2).
  • Diaz, K.M., Krupka, D.J., Chang, M.J., Shaffer, J.A., Ma, Y., Goldsmith, J., Schwartz, J.E. & Davidson, K.W. (2016). Validation of the Fitbit one® for physical activity measurement at an upper torso attachment site. BMC Research Notes, 9, 213.
  • Draper, S. (2018). Hexoskin smart shirt monitors and records heart rate, breathing and movement. https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2018/06/hexoskin-smart-shirt-monitors-and-records-heart-rate-breathing-and-movement/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Dubey, A. (2017). 10 best wireless Bluetooth headphones for running. https://techreviewpro.com/top-best-wireless-bluetooth-headphones-for-running-8860/ Accessed 2017/09/19.
  • Duffy, J. & Colon, A. (2016). The best fitness trackers of 2016. http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2404445,00.asp Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Eadicicco, L. (2016). These smart sneakers can track your workout for you. http://time.com/4166277/under-armor-smart-sneakers/ Accessed2017/09/19.
  • Exchange-rates.org. (2019). South African Rands (ZAR) per US Dollar (USD). https://www.exchange-rates.org/history/ZAR/USD/G/M Accessed 2019/07/10.
  • Fausset, C.B., Mitzner, T.L., Price, C.E., Jones, B.D., Fain, W.B. & Rogers, W. (2013). Older adults’ use of and attitudes toward activity monitoring technologies. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 57(1) 1683–1687.
  • Fulk, G.D., Combs, S.A., Danks, K.A., Nirider, C.D., Raja, B. & Reisman, D.S. (2014). Accuracy of 2 activity monitors in detecting steps in people with stroke and traumatic brain injury. Physical Therapy, 94(2), 222–229.
  • Gustafson, T. (2017). Younger consumers are more health conscious than previous generations. https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/timi-gustafson/younger-consumers-are-mor_b_14290774.html Accessed 2018/07/31.
  • Halse, K. (2018). 10 best Bluetooth heart rate monitors 2018. https://heavy.com/tech/2015/04/best-bluetooth-heart-rate-monitor/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Haslam, C. (2016). Counting sleep: the best sleep tracker and monitors. https://www.wareable.com/withings/best-sleep-trackers-and-monitors Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Hong, S-K. (2015). An explorative study of the features of activity trackers as IoT based wearable devices. Journal of Internet Computing and Services, 16(5), 93-98.
  • International Data Corporation (2016). Worldwide wearables market increases 67.2% amid seasonal retrenchment, according to IDC. http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS41284516 Accessed 2016/10/25.
  • Jones, D., Crossley, K., Dascombe, B., Hart, H.F. & Kemp, J. (2018). Validity and reliability of the Fitbit Flex™ and ActiGraph Gt3x+ at jogging and running speeds. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 13(5), 860–870.
  • Kaewkannate, K. & Kim, S. (2016). A comparison of wearable fitness devices, BMC Public Health, 16, 433.
  • Kingston, K. (2015). Devices to track the calories you burn. http://www.livestrong.com/article/499335-devices-to-track-the-calories-you-burn/ Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Kooiman, T.J.M., Dontje, M.L., Sprenger, S.R., Krijnen, W.P., van der Schans, C.P. & de Groot, M. (2015). Reliability and validity of ten consumer activity trackers. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 7, 24.
  • Lamb, K., Huang, H-Y., Marturano, A. & Bashir, M. (2016). Users’ privacy perceptions about wearable technology: examining influence of personality, trust, and usability. Advances in Human Factors in Cybersecurity, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 501, 55–68.
  • Lamkin, P. (2016). Wearable technology market to be worth $34 billion by 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/paullamkin/2016/02/17/wearable-tech-market-to-be-worth-34-billion-by-2020/#492c34533cb5 Accessed 2017/01/5.
  • Lamont, R.M., Daniel, H.L., Payne, C.L. & Brauer, S.G. (2018). Accuracy of wearable physical activity trackers in people with Parkinson’s disease. Gait and Posture, 63, 104–108.
  • Lee, J-M., Kim, Y. & Welk, G.J. (2014). Validity of consumer-based physical activity monitors. Medicine in Science and Sports Exercise, 46(9), 1840–1848.
  • Mackenzie, N. (2015). Gear we love: wearable fitness trackers. http://www.espn.com/espnw/athletes-life/article/12309553/wearable-fitness-trackers Accessed 2017/09/19.
  • Markert, J. (2004). Demographics of age: generational and cohort confusion. Journal of current issues and research in advertising, 26(2), 11-25.
  • Marr, B. (2016). 15 noteworthy facts about wearables in 2016. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2016/03/18/15-mind-boggling-facts-about-wearables-in-2016/#227b93982732 Accessed 2018/10/29.
  • Muller, C. (2019). Generation Y students’ attitude towards and intention to use activity-tracking devices. Doctoral thesis. Vanderbijlpark: North-West University.
  • Muller, C., de Klerk, N. & Bevan-dye, A.L. (2018). Relationship between social image, brand name, subjective norms and South African Generation Y students’ attitude towards wearable activity-tracking devices. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 10(2), 83-98.
  • Nguyen, M. (2016). Walk on smart insoles: the next move in activity tracking. https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2016/04/walk-on-smart-insoles-the-next-move-in-activity-tracking/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Nield, D. (2017). How to buy a fitness tracker: everything you need to consider. https://www.wareable.com/fitness-trackers/how-to-buy-a-fitness-tracker Accessed 2018/08/17.
  • Noah, J.A., Spierer, D.K., Jialu, G. & Bronner, S. (2013). Comparison of steps and energy expenditure assessment in adults of Fitbit tracker and Ultra to the Actical and indirect calorimetry. Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology, 37(7), 456–462.
  • Pressman, A. (2017). Fitbit adds social feed to keep users motivated. http://fortune.com/2017/01/05/fitbit-social-feed-motivated/ Accessed 2017/03/28.
  • Price, D. (2017). Moov HR sweat review. http://www.techadvisor.co.uk/review/activity-trackers/moov-hr-sweat-review-3657460/ Accessed 2019/09/17.
  • Rettner, R. (2014). How well do fitness trackers monitor heart rate? http://www.livescience.com/44170-fitness-tracker-heart-rate-monitors.html Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Roe, J., Salmon, J. & Twiggs, J. (2016). Objective measure of activity level after total knee arthroplasty with the use of the ‘Fitbit’ device. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(2).
  • Shin, G., Jarrahi, M.H., Fei, Y., Karami, A., Gafinowitz, N., Byun, A. & Lu, X. (2019). Wearable activity trackers, accuracy, adoption, acceptance and health impact: A systematic literature review. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103153 Accessed 2019/07/16.
  • Shinde, A.M., Gresham, G.K., Hendifar, A.E., Li, Q., Spiegel, B., Rimel, B., Walsh, C.S., Tuli, R., Piantadosi, S. & Figlin, R.A. (2017). Correlating wearable activity monitor data with PROMIS detected distress and physical functioning in advanced cancer patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 35(15).
  • Statista (2018a). Wearables: Worldwide. https://www.statista.com/outlook/319/100/wearables/worldwide#market-users Accessed 2018/06/10.
  • Statista (2018b). Wearables: South Africa. https://www.statista.com/outlook/319/112/wearables/south-africa#market-users Accessed 2018/06/10.
  • Statistics South Africa (2017). Statistical release P0302: 2017 mid-year population estimates. http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022017.pdf Accessed 2018/06/16.
  • Steinert, A., Haesner, M. & Steinhagen-Thiessen, E. (2017). Activity-tracking devices for older adults: comparison and preferences. Universal Access in the Information Society, 17(2), 411-419.
  • Stuart, S.C. (2016). Hands on: Swarovski's fashionable slake deluxe activity crystal tracker. https://www.pcmag.com/news/347775/hands-on-swarovskis-fashionable-slake-deluxe-activity-crys Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Techopedia (2018). Activity tracker. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/32502/activity-tracker Accessed 2018/06/16.
  • Van Heerden, I. (2016). Different types of fitness trackers. https://tectogizmo.com/different-types-of-fitness-trackers/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Wang, J.B., Cataldo, J.K., Ayala, G.X., Natarajan, L., Cadmus-Bertram, L.A., White, M.M., Madanat, H., Nichols, J.F. & Pierce, J.P. (2016). Mobile and wearable device features that matter in promoting physical activity. Journal of Mobile Technology in Medicine, 5(2), 2–11.
  • Yang, Y., Schumann, M., Le, S. & Cheng, S. (2018). Reliability and validity of a new accelerometer-based device for detecting physical activities and energy expenditure. PeerJ, 6. doi:10.7717/peerj.5775 Accessed 2019/07/16.
Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 1 - 16, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.34111/ijebeg.202012101

Abstract

References

  • Bassett, D.R., Freedson, P.S. & John, D. (2019). Wearable activity trackers in clinical research and practice. Kinesiology Review, 8(1), 11–15.
  • Beckham, J. (2012). Fitness trackers use psychology to motivate couch potatoes. https://www.wired.com/2012/04/fitness-tracker-psychology/ Accessed 2016/11/10.
  • Bevan-Dye, A.L. & Surujlal, J. (2011). Attitudes towards materialism in sport and materialism tendencies amongst Black Generation Y students. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, supplement, 17(4), 43-55.
  • Bumgardner, W. (2017). Fitness bands and apps with sitting time alerts. https://www.verywell.com/inactivity-tracking-devices-and-sitting-time-apps-3434970 Accessed 2017/03/28.
  • Bunn, J., Wells, E., Manor, J. & Webster, M. (2019). Evaluation of earbud and wristwatch heart rate monitors during aerobic and resistance training. International Journal of Exercise Science, 12(4), 374–384.
  • Business Tech (2015). Here are South Africa’s 26 Universities. https://businesstech.co.za/news/general/101412/here-are-south-africas-26-universities/ Accessed 2017/03/27.
  • Business Tech (2018). South Africa expected to be the next big market for smartwatches and fitness trackers. https://businesstech.co.za/news/mobile/243043/south-africa-expected-to-be-the-next-big-market-for-smartwatches-and-fitness-trackers/ Accessed 2019/07/16.
  • Caddy, B. (2016). Food trackers: the best calorie counter apps and wearables. https://www.wareable.com/health-and-wellbeing/food-trackers-the-best-calorie-counter-apps-and-wearables Accessed 2017/03/28.
  • Cadmus-Bertram, L.A., Marcus, B.H., Patterson, R.E., Parker, B.A. & Morey, B.L. (2005). Randomized trial of a Fitbit-based physical activity intervention for women, American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 49(3), 414–418.
  • Case, M.A., Burwick, H.A., Volpp, K.G. & Patel, M.S. (2015). Accuracy of smartphone applications and wearable devices for tracking physical activity data, Journal of the American Medical Association, 313(6), 625–626.
  • Chang, A. (2017). Fitness trackers buying guide. https://www.tomsguide.com/us/fitness-tracker-buying-guide,review-2549.html Accessed 2018/08/28.
  • Chu, A.H.Y., Ng, S.H.X., Paknezhad, M., Gauterin, A., Koh, D., Brown, M.S. & Müller-Riemenschneider, F. (2017). Comparison of wrist-worn Fitbit flex and waist-worn ActiGraph for measuring steps in free-living adults, PLoS ONE, 12(2).
  • Diaz, K.M., Krupka, D.J., Chang, M.J., Shaffer, J.A., Ma, Y., Goldsmith, J., Schwartz, J.E. & Davidson, K.W. (2016). Validation of the Fitbit one® for physical activity measurement at an upper torso attachment site. BMC Research Notes, 9, 213.
  • Draper, S. (2018). Hexoskin smart shirt monitors and records heart rate, breathing and movement. https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2018/06/hexoskin-smart-shirt-monitors-and-records-heart-rate-breathing-and-movement/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Dubey, A. (2017). 10 best wireless Bluetooth headphones for running. https://techreviewpro.com/top-best-wireless-bluetooth-headphones-for-running-8860/ Accessed 2017/09/19.
  • Duffy, J. & Colon, A. (2016). The best fitness trackers of 2016. http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2404445,00.asp Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Eadicicco, L. (2016). These smart sneakers can track your workout for you. http://time.com/4166277/under-armor-smart-sneakers/ Accessed2017/09/19.
  • Exchange-rates.org. (2019). South African Rands (ZAR) per US Dollar (USD). https://www.exchange-rates.org/history/ZAR/USD/G/M Accessed 2019/07/10.
  • Fausset, C.B., Mitzner, T.L., Price, C.E., Jones, B.D., Fain, W.B. & Rogers, W. (2013). Older adults’ use of and attitudes toward activity monitoring technologies. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 57(1) 1683–1687.
  • Fulk, G.D., Combs, S.A., Danks, K.A., Nirider, C.D., Raja, B. & Reisman, D.S. (2014). Accuracy of 2 activity monitors in detecting steps in people with stroke and traumatic brain injury. Physical Therapy, 94(2), 222–229.
  • Gustafson, T. (2017). Younger consumers are more health conscious than previous generations. https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/timi-gustafson/younger-consumers-are-mor_b_14290774.html Accessed 2018/07/31.
  • Halse, K. (2018). 10 best Bluetooth heart rate monitors 2018. https://heavy.com/tech/2015/04/best-bluetooth-heart-rate-monitor/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Haslam, C. (2016). Counting sleep: the best sleep tracker and monitors. https://www.wareable.com/withings/best-sleep-trackers-and-monitors Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Hong, S-K. (2015). An explorative study of the features of activity trackers as IoT based wearable devices. Journal of Internet Computing and Services, 16(5), 93-98.
  • International Data Corporation (2016). Worldwide wearables market increases 67.2% amid seasonal retrenchment, according to IDC. http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS41284516 Accessed 2016/10/25.
  • Jones, D., Crossley, K., Dascombe, B., Hart, H.F. & Kemp, J. (2018). Validity and reliability of the Fitbit Flex™ and ActiGraph Gt3x+ at jogging and running speeds. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 13(5), 860–870.
  • Kaewkannate, K. & Kim, S. (2016). A comparison of wearable fitness devices, BMC Public Health, 16, 433.
  • Kingston, K. (2015). Devices to track the calories you burn. http://www.livestrong.com/article/499335-devices-to-track-the-calories-you-burn/ Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Kooiman, T.J.M., Dontje, M.L., Sprenger, S.R., Krijnen, W.P., van der Schans, C.P. & de Groot, M. (2015). Reliability and validity of ten consumer activity trackers. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 7, 24.
  • Lamb, K., Huang, H-Y., Marturano, A. & Bashir, M. (2016). Users’ privacy perceptions about wearable technology: examining influence of personality, trust, and usability. Advances in Human Factors in Cybersecurity, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 501, 55–68.
  • Lamkin, P. (2016). Wearable technology market to be worth $34 billion by 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/paullamkin/2016/02/17/wearable-tech-market-to-be-worth-34-billion-by-2020/#492c34533cb5 Accessed 2017/01/5.
  • Lamont, R.M., Daniel, H.L., Payne, C.L. & Brauer, S.G. (2018). Accuracy of wearable physical activity trackers in people with Parkinson’s disease. Gait and Posture, 63, 104–108.
  • Lee, J-M., Kim, Y. & Welk, G.J. (2014). Validity of consumer-based physical activity monitors. Medicine in Science and Sports Exercise, 46(9), 1840–1848.
  • Mackenzie, N. (2015). Gear we love: wearable fitness trackers. http://www.espn.com/espnw/athletes-life/article/12309553/wearable-fitness-trackers Accessed 2017/09/19.
  • Markert, J. (2004). Demographics of age: generational and cohort confusion. Journal of current issues and research in advertising, 26(2), 11-25.
  • Marr, B. (2016). 15 noteworthy facts about wearables in 2016. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2016/03/18/15-mind-boggling-facts-about-wearables-in-2016/#227b93982732 Accessed 2018/10/29.
  • Muller, C. (2019). Generation Y students’ attitude towards and intention to use activity-tracking devices. Doctoral thesis. Vanderbijlpark: North-West University.
  • Muller, C., de Klerk, N. & Bevan-dye, A.L. (2018). Relationship between social image, brand name, subjective norms and South African Generation Y students’ attitude towards wearable activity-tracking devices. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 10(2), 83-98.
  • Nguyen, M. (2016). Walk on smart insoles: the next move in activity tracking. https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2016/04/walk-on-smart-insoles-the-next-move-in-activity-tracking/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Nield, D. (2017). How to buy a fitness tracker: everything you need to consider. https://www.wareable.com/fitness-trackers/how-to-buy-a-fitness-tracker Accessed 2018/08/17.
  • Noah, J.A., Spierer, D.K., Jialu, G. & Bronner, S. (2013). Comparison of steps and energy expenditure assessment in adults of Fitbit tracker and Ultra to the Actical and indirect calorimetry. Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology, 37(7), 456–462.
  • Pressman, A. (2017). Fitbit adds social feed to keep users motivated. http://fortune.com/2017/01/05/fitbit-social-feed-motivated/ Accessed 2017/03/28.
  • Price, D. (2017). Moov HR sweat review. http://www.techadvisor.co.uk/review/activity-trackers/moov-hr-sweat-review-3657460/ Accessed 2019/09/17.
  • Rettner, R. (2014). How well do fitness trackers monitor heart rate? http://www.livescience.com/44170-fitness-tracker-heart-rate-monitors.html Accessed 2016/11/06.
  • Roe, J., Salmon, J. & Twiggs, J. (2016). Objective measure of activity level after total knee arthroplasty with the use of the ‘Fitbit’ device. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(2).
  • Shin, G., Jarrahi, M.H., Fei, Y., Karami, A., Gafinowitz, N., Byun, A. & Lu, X. (2019). Wearable activity trackers, accuracy, adoption, acceptance and health impact: A systematic literature review. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103153 Accessed 2019/07/16.
  • Shinde, A.M., Gresham, G.K., Hendifar, A.E., Li, Q., Spiegel, B., Rimel, B., Walsh, C.S., Tuli, R., Piantadosi, S. & Figlin, R.A. (2017). Correlating wearable activity monitor data with PROMIS detected distress and physical functioning in advanced cancer patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 35(15).
  • Statista (2018a). Wearables: Worldwide. https://www.statista.com/outlook/319/100/wearables/worldwide#market-users Accessed 2018/06/10.
  • Statista (2018b). Wearables: South Africa. https://www.statista.com/outlook/319/112/wearables/south-africa#market-users Accessed 2018/06/10.
  • Statistics South Africa (2017). Statistical release P0302: 2017 mid-year population estimates. http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022017.pdf Accessed 2018/06/16.
  • Steinert, A., Haesner, M. & Steinhagen-Thiessen, E. (2017). Activity-tracking devices for older adults: comparison and preferences. Universal Access in the Information Society, 17(2), 411-419.
  • Stuart, S.C. (2016). Hands on: Swarovski's fashionable slake deluxe activity crystal tracker. https://www.pcmag.com/news/347775/hands-on-swarovskis-fashionable-slake-deluxe-activity-crys Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Techopedia (2018). Activity tracker. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/32502/activity-tracker Accessed 2018/06/16.
  • Van Heerden, I. (2016). Different types of fitness trackers. https://tectogizmo.com/different-types-of-fitness-trackers/ Accessed 2018/08/27.
  • Wang, J.B., Cataldo, J.K., Ayala, G.X., Natarajan, L., Cadmus-Bertram, L.A., White, M.M., Madanat, H., Nichols, J.F. & Pierce, J.P. (2016). Mobile and wearable device features that matter in promoting physical activity. Journal of Mobile Technology in Medicine, 5(2), 2–11.
  • Yang, Y., Schumann, M., Le, S. & Cheng, S. (2018). Reliability and validity of a new accelerometer-based device for detecting physical activities and energy expenditure. PeerJ, 6. doi:10.7717/peerj.5775 Accessed 2019/07/16.
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Software Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Chantel Muller This is me 0000-0002-2470-3902

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date September 8, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Muller, C. (2020). WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS. International Journal of EBusiness and EGovernment Studies, 12(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.34111/ijebeg.202012101
AMA Muller C. WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS. IJEBEG. June 2020;12(1):1-16. doi:10.34111/ijebeg.202012101
Chicago Muller, Chantel. “WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS”. International Journal of EBusiness and EGovernment Studies 12, no. 1 (June 2020): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.34111/ijebeg.202012101.
EndNote Muller C (June 1, 2020) WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies 12 1 1–16.
IEEE C. Muller, “WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS”, IJEBEG, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–16, 2020, doi: 10.34111/ijebeg.202012101.
ISNAD Muller, Chantel. “WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS”. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies 12/1 (June 2020), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.34111/ijebeg.202012101.
JAMA Muller C. WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS. IJEBEG. 2020;12:1–16.
MLA Muller, Chantel. “WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS”. International Journal of EBusiness and EGovernment Studies, vol. 12, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1-16, doi:10.34111/ijebeg.202012101.
Vancouver Muller C. WEARABLE ACTIVITY-TRACKING DEVICE FEATURE PREFERENCE AMONGST SOUTH AFRICAN GENERATION Y STUDENTS. IJEBEG. 2020;12(1):1-16.