Contact investigation is recommended for close contacts of TB patientsto identify undiagnosed cases of active and latent TB to initiate them oncurative and preventive therapy respectively. Because contact invitation isconducted in Kenya, the value of TB contact investigation in childhood TBcontrol is unknown. To compare the yield of contact investigation (interventionarm) to contact invitation (control arm) in contributing to childhood TBcontrol, a cluster randomized trial was conducted in Kisumu County between 2014and 2015 a period prior to the implementation of standardized contactinvestigation. This was done to compare TB cases diagnosed and childrenreceiving IPT in the pre- intervention (2012-2013) and intervention(2014-2015) years, and in the intervention years using a minimum samplesize of 15 per arm. Of 77 facilities identified for the study, 65 facilitieswere randomized to a contact screening strategy; a TB contact investigationstrategy in isolation (n=4), in combination with health facility screening(n=19), or in combination with both enhanced facility screening and mobileunits (n=31) with the remainder, (n=11) randomized to the standard approachi.e. TB contact invitation. Facilities distribution did not differ by categoryof services or patient type. In the pre-intervention and post-interventionyears, TB number of TB cases diagnosed in children increased by 20 (75% fromintervention arm). During the intervention years TB cases decreased by 17 (29%from intervention arm); the intervention arm contributed to 100% and 75% of thechildren put on IPT whose implementation had just begun. Contact investigationenhanced childhood TB control in comparison to routine approaches. Criticalsupport ought to be availed to the TB screening cascade to facilitate contactinvestigation and IPT implementation as well as ingrain contact investigationwithin existing community health systems.