The Effectiveness of Different Priming Treatments on Seeds of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Varieties

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 342 - 360, 15.12.2020

Kübra Özmen , Burcu Kenanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.798333

Abstract

In this research, the effects of hidropriming (HP), ozmopriming (OP) and thermopriming (TP) treatments on seed germination quality in different aubergine varieties seeds were investigated. Aubergine cvs. Manisa Kır Çizgili (MKÇ), Kemer 27 (K) and Aydın Siyahı (AS) seeds which harvested at different maturity levels (50, 55, 60 and 75 days after flowering) were subjected to OP treatments at at 35 0C for 4 and 8 hours (1: 2 / in the dark-light condition) with 10% PEG-6000 solution, HP treatments at 35 0C (1: 2 / dark-light condition) for 4 and 8 hours with distilled water and TP treatments were applied in water bath for two different times (15 and 30 minutes) at 50 ° C. Seed moisture levels were determined in control and priming groups in all cultivars. At the end of the treatments, the seeds were kept until the surface was dry and then they were subjected to petri germination test. At the end of the experiments; OP, HP and TP treatments of aubergine seeds were evaluated on the basis of viability (mean germination time and percentage, seedling root-shoot length). When the analyzed parameters were evaluated, it was seen that the priming positive effect was related to the maturity of the seeds. Normal and total germination parameters, which are dependent variables; It was found to be statistically significant with priming, variety, maturity and their interaction (p<0.001, p<0.01). The differences between the means (p <0.001) of the measurement results of root and shoot lengths, especially in terms of variety x maturity interaction, are statistically significant. The seeds of the 75th day harvests of the AS variety germinated 10% more than the control seeds with TP-15 min. OP-4sa (92%) and HP-4sa (81%) had a more positive effect on germination than control (76%) seeds in the seeds of MKÇ 60th day harvest. The seeds of the K variety 60th day harvest germinated approximately 30% more than the control with TP-30 min treatments. In terms of root and stem length, the results vary according to both seed maturity and varieties. In all varieties, especially in mature seeds (60-75th day harvest), root and shoot lengths showed more development with TP than control. In addition, it has been determined that OP and HP treatments provide more variability in the initial moisture content of seeds, especially in the immature period (harvest on the 50-55th day). Thermopriming, as a pre-sowing treatments in aubergine seeds, has yielded results as a positive alternative to chemical treatments.

Keywords

Solanum melongena L.,, priming, germination

Farklı Priming Uygulamalarının Patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.) Çeşitlerinin Tohumları Üzerindeki Etkinliği

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, farklı patlıcan çeşitlerine ait tohumların hidropriming (HP), ozmopriming (OP) ve termopriming (TP) uygulamalarının tohum çimlenme kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Manisa kır çizgili (MKÇ), Kemer 27 (K) ve Aydın Siyahı (AS) çeşitlerinin farklı olgunluk seviyelerinde hasat edilen (çiçeklenmeden sonraki 50, 55, 60 ve 75 gün sonra) patlıcan tohumları 35 0C’de 4 ve 8 saat (1:2/karanlık-aydınlık koşulda) süre boyunca, %10’luk PEG-6000 ile OP, 35 0C’de 4 ve 8 saat (1:2/karanlık-aydınlık koşulda) sürede saf su ile HP ve 50°C’de 2 farklı sürede (15 ve 30 dakika) su banyosunda TP işlemlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Tüm çeşitlerde kontrol ve uygulama gruplarında tohum nem miktarları belirlenmiştir. Uygulamalar sonunda tohumlar yüzey kuruluğu sağlanıncaya kadar bekletilerek ardından petri çimlendirme testine tabi tutulmuştur. Denemeler sonucunda, patlıcan tohumlarının OP, HP ve TP uygulamaları ile canlılık (ortalama çimlenme oranı ve süresi, fide kök-sürgün uzunlukları) bazında değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen parametreler değerlendirildiğinde, priming olumlu etkisi tohumların olgunluğu ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Bağımlı değişkenler olan normal ve toplam çimlenme parametreleri; priming, çeşit, olgunluk ve bunların interaksiyonu ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.001, p<0.01). Kök ve sürgün uzunluk ölçüm sonuçları özellikle çeşitxolgunluk interaksiyonu bakımından ortalamalar arası farklılıklar (p<0.001) istatistiksel açıdan önemlidir. AS çeşidinin 75.gün hasatlarına ait tohumlar, TP-15 dak ile kontrol tohumlarından %10 daha fazla çimlenmiştir. MKÇ 60.gün hasadının tohumlarında OP-4sa (%92) ve HP-4sa (%81) kontrol (%76) tohumlarına göre çimlenme üzerine daha olumlu etki yapmıştır. K çeşidi 60.gün hasadının tohumları ise, TP-30 dak uygulaması ile kontrolden yaklaşık %30 daha fazla çimlenmiştir. Kök ve gövde uzunluğu açısından ise sonuçlar, hem tohum olgunluğuna hem de çeşitlere göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. Tüm çeşitlerde özellikle olgun tohumlarda (60-75. gün hasat) kök ve sürgün uzunlukları TP ile kontrole göre daha fazla gelişim göstermiştir. Ayrıca OP ve HP uygulamalarının tohumlarında ilk nem kapsamlarına özellikle ham dönemde (50-55.gün hasat) daha fazla değişkenlik sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Patlıcan tohumlarında ekim öncesi uygulama olarak termopriming, kimyasal uygulamalara nazaran olumlu bir alternatif olarak sonuç vermiştir.

Keywords

Solanum melongena L.,, priming, germination

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