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AKILLI TURİZM DESTİNASYONLARINDAKİ OTELLERİN KAREKOD KULLANIMI: İSTANBUL SMART BEYOĞLU ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 675 - 690, 13.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.798489

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı akıllı turizm destinasyonu uygulamalarından biri olan Smart Beyoğlu
projesi kapsamındaki otel işletmelerinin karekod uygulamasını hangi alanlarında kullandıklarını
belirlemek ve uygulamanın olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için,
karekod uygulamasını kullanan sekiz otel yöneticisi ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği uygulanarak
veriler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu verilerin analizinde ise betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır.
Yapılan analizler neticesinde Smart Beyoğlu projesinin henüz etkin bir şekilde kullanılmadığı, karekod
uygulamalarının ise otel işletmelerinde çoğunlukla tanıtım broşürlerinde ve tüketici memnuniyetini
sağlamak amacıyla kullanıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte araştırmada karekod uygulaması;
hızlı, kolay ve maliyetinin düşük olması açısından büyük bir avantaj olarak görülürken; kullanımının
henüz yaygınlaşmamış olması da bu uygulamanın olumsuz tarafı olarak tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Abby, A. S., Norlia, G., & Latifah, A. L. (2014). Embedding or codes in the teaching and learning process. Seminar Kebangsaan Pembelajaran Sepanjang Hayat. 1-12.
  • Acartürk, C. (2012). Barkod teknolojilerinin eğitimde kullanımı: Bilişsel bilimler çerçevesinde bir değerlendirme. Akademik Bilişim’12 - XIV. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildirileri 1-3 Şubat, Uşak Üniversitesi, 117-122.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S., & Yıldırım, E. (2010), Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri spss uygulamalı. 6. Baskı, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Asare, D., & Asare, I. T. (2015). The effective use of quick response (qr) code as a marketing tool. International Journal of Education and Social Science, 2(12), 67-73.
  • Ashford, R. (2010). Qr codes and academic libraries: Reaching mobile users. College & Research Libraries News, 71(10), 526-530.
  • Barrionuevo, J.M., Berrone, P., & Ricart, J. E. (2012). Smart cities, sustainable progress. IESE Insight, Vol. 14, 50-57.
  • Bengshir, T. K. (2017). Smart Beyoğlu İstanbul/Turkey, http://we-gov.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ Smart-Beyoglu.pdf 1-18, (Erişim Tarihi 29.11.2019).
  • Bayrak Meydanoğlu, E. S. (2013). QR code: An interactive mobile advertising tool. International Journal of Business and Social Research (IJBSR), Volume 3, No.9, September, 26-32.
  • Bozkurt, A., Karadeniz, A., & Erdoğdu, E. (2018). Açık ve uzaktan öğrenme sisteminde karekod kullanımı: Açıköğretim ders kitapları örneği. AJIT-e: Online Academic Journal of Information Technology, Winter, Vol: 9, Num: 30, 105-120.
  • Buhalis, D., & Amaranggana, A. (2014). Smart tourism destinations. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, 553-564.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (2. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Cinnioğlu, H., & Demirdelen, D. (2018). Kare kodların (qr code) restoran işletmelerinde kullanımının belirlenmesi: İstanbul örneği. VII. Ulusal III. Uluslararası Doğu Akdeniz Turizm Sempozyumu, Bildiriler Kitabı, 100-108.
  • Cinnioğlu, H. (2019). Determining the use of qr (quick response) codes in hotels. Global Review of Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure Management, An Online International (Double- Blind) Refereed Research Journal (ISSN: 2311-3189) Vol: 5 Issue: 1, 700-714.
  • Cohen, B. (2015). Dr. BoydCohen at brussels smart city summit: 3 generations of smartcities. Erişim Tarihi 21.11.2019,http://smartcities.i-ambiente.es/?q=blogs/dr-boydcohen-brussels-smart-citysummit- 3-generationssmartcities.
  • Coleman, J. (2011). Qr codes: What are they and why should you care?. Kansas Library Association College and University Libraries Section Proceedings, 1(1-3), 16-23.
  • Couto, R., Leal, J., Costa, P. M., & Galvao, T. (2015). Exploring ticketing approaches using mobile technologies: Qr codes. NFC and BLE, IEEE 18th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 7-12.
  • Cox, S., & Shiffler, R. (2014). Extent of qr code adoption by consumers. Internation Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 4(6), 1-4.
  • Çelik, P., & Topsakal, Y. (2017). Akıllı turizm destinasyonları: Antalya destinasyonunun akıllı turizm uygulamalarının incelenmesi. Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi/ Journal of Travel and Hospitality Management, 14 (3), 2017, 149-166.
  • Dominguez, C.D., Hernandez, R.M., Talavera, A.S., & Lopez, E.P. (2015). Strategic determinants in the theoretical framework of the smart islands: The case of the island of el hierro. t-Forum Global Conference: Tourism Intelligence in Action, Naples, Italy, 1-28.
  • Dou, X., & Li, H. (2008). Creative use of qr codes in consumer communication. International Journal of Mobile Marketing, 3, 61–67.
  • Emek, M. (2012). Usage of qr code in tourism industry. 6th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure. 24 - 29 April, Fethiye, Turkey. 1-9.
  • Edith Burke, M., O’Callaghan, S., & Quigley, M. (2013). The business of digital storytelling: Augmenting information systems with qr code. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 15 (4), 347- 367.
  • Enginkaya, E., & Perker, B. (2018). Mobil pazarlamada qr kod uygulamaları. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 4 (13), 190-201.
  • Mahrous, T., & Al-Azab, M.R. (2016). Evaluation of the tourist acceptance of quick response (qr) code: Using technology acceptance model. Minia Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1 (2), December, 49-74.
  • Fino, Eulalia., R., Gutiérrez, J.M., Fernandez, M. D. M., & Davara, E. A. (2013). Interactive tourist guide: Connecting web 2.0, augmented reality and qr codes. 2013 International Conference on Virtual and Augmented Reality in Education, Procedia Computer Science 25, 338 – 344.
  • Gao, B.W., & Lai, I.K.W. (2015). The effects of transaction-specific satisfactions and integrated satisfaction on customer loyalty. Int. J. Hosp. Manag., 44, 38–47.
  • Goula, J. (2012). How hotels are using qr codes to provide improved customer experiences. Web: Erişim Tarihi: 03.12.2019, http://www.qrcodepress.com/how-hotels-are-using-qr-codes-to-provideimproved- customerexperiences/856515/
  • Heck, S., & Rogers, M. (2014). Are you ready for the resource revolution? Q&A with Stefan Heck, McKinsey Quarterly, Erişim Tarihi 19.12.2019, https://www.scmr.com/article/are_you_ready_ for_a_resource_revolution_qa_with_stefan_heck e.t.
  • Hall, R. E., (2000). The vision of a smart city (No. BNL-67902; 04042). Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (US). 1-6.
  • Hollands, R. G. (2008). Will the real smart city please stand up?. Intelligent, Progressive Or Entrepreneurial? City, 12(3), 303-320.
  • Hoon Lee, J., Phaal, R., & Lee, S. (2013). An integrated service-device-technology roadmap for smart city development. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 80, 286-306.
  • Hossain, Md, S., Zhou, X., & Rahman, Mst, F. (2018). Examining the impact of qr codes on purchase intention and customer satisfaction on the basis of perceived flow. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 10, 1–11.
  • Huang, X. K., Yuan, J. Z., & Shi, M. Y. (2012). Condition and key issues analysis on the smarter tourism construction in China. In Multimedia and signal processing, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 444- 450.
  • İvanoviç, S., Milojica, V., & Roblek, V. (2016). A holistic approach to innovations in tourism. International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 367-380.
  • Jasrotia, A., & Gangotia, A. (2018). Smart cities to smart tourism destinations: A review paper. Journal Of Tourism Intelligence And Smartness, 1 (1), 47-56.
  • Kümbetoğlu, B. (2008), Sosyolojide ve antropolojide yöntem ve araştırma. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayınları.
  • Law, C., & So, S. (2010). QR codes in education. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 3(1), 85-100.
  • Lazaroiu, G.C., & Roscia, M. (2012). Definition methodology for the smart cities model. Energy, 47 (1), 326-332.
  • Liao, K.-C., & Lee, W.-H. (2010). A novel user authentication scheme based on. Journal of Networks, 5 (8), 937-941.
  • Lou, L., Tian, Z., & Koh, J. (2017). Tourist satisfaction enhancement using mobile qr code payment: An empirical investigation. Sustainability, 9 (1186), 1-14.
  • Markman, A., Javidi, B., & Tehranipoor, M. (2014). Photon-counting security tagging and verification using optically encoded qr codes. IEEE Photonics Journal, 6 (1).
  • Meijer, A., & Bolívar, M. P. R. (2015). Governing the smart city: A review of the literature on smart urban governance. International Review Of Administrative Sciences. February, 82 (2) 392-408.
  • Mil, B., & Dirican, C. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri ve turizme etkileri. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Tourism, 1 (3), 1-9. Mohammad, S., & Azam, A. (2015). A model for ordering in restaurant based on qr code without presence of a waiter at the table. International Academic Journal of Innovative Research, 2 (12), 1-9.
  • Reischl, C. (2013). Data will drive smart cities’ Medical Tourism Success. Denver: Mercury Advisory Group.
  • Schaffers, H., Komninos, N., Pallot, M., Trousse, B., Nilsson, M., & Oliviera, A., (2011). Smart cities and the future internet: Towards cooperation frameworks for open innovation. in J. Domingue et al. (Ed), Future Internet Assembly, LNCS, 6656, 431-446.
  • Şimşek, E., & İbiş, S. (2019). Karekod uygulamalarının seyahat acenteleri açısından değerlendirilmesi. 20. Ulusal - 4. Uluslararası Turizm Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 16-19 Ekim, Eskişehir, 760-767.
  • Şimşek, E., & Kızıldemir, Ö. (2019). Restoranlarda karekod kullanımı: Beyoğlu üzerine bir araştırma. 20. Ulusal - 4. Uluslararası Turizm Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 16-19 Ekim, Eskişehir, 874-880.
  • Thayer, C. (2012). Consumer attitudes towards using qr codes in a retail setting. Distinction Papers, 1-24.
  • Topsakal, Y. (2018). Akıllı turizm kapsamında engelli dostu mobil hizmetler: Türkiye turizm için öneriler. Journal of Tourısm Intelligence And Smartness, 1 (1), 1-13.
  • Wang, D., Park, S., & Fesenmaier, D.R. (2012). The role of smartphones in mediating the touristic experience. Journal of Travel Research, 51(4): 371-387.
  • Wang, D., Li, X. R., & Li, Y. (2013). China’s “smart tourism destination” initiative: A taste of the servicedominant logic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(2), 59-61.
  • Web 1: https://beyoglu.bel.tr/smart-beyoglu-593.html&type=5 (Erişim Tarihi 28.11.2019).
  • Yavuz, M. C. (2019). Smart destination: Tourism, innovation, entrepreneurship, challenges. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research Futourism, 5 (2), 204-211.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2003). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin, 3 Baskı, Ankara.
  • Zhang, M., Yao, D., & Zhou, Q. (2012). The application and design of qr code in scenic spot’s eticketing system -A case study of shenzhen happy valley. International Journal of Science and Technology, 2 (12), 817-822.
Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 675 - 690, 13.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.798489

Abstract

References

  • Abby, A. S., Norlia, G., & Latifah, A. L. (2014). Embedding or codes in the teaching and learning process. Seminar Kebangsaan Pembelajaran Sepanjang Hayat. 1-12.
  • Acartürk, C. (2012). Barkod teknolojilerinin eğitimde kullanımı: Bilişsel bilimler çerçevesinde bir değerlendirme. Akademik Bilişim’12 - XIV. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildirileri 1-3 Şubat, Uşak Üniversitesi, 117-122.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S., & Yıldırım, E. (2010), Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri spss uygulamalı. 6. Baskı, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Asare, D., & Asare, I. T. (2015). The effective use of quick response (qr) code as a marketing tool. International Journal of Education and Social Science, 2(12), 67-73.
  • Ashford, R. (2010). Qr codes and academic libraries: Reaching mobile users. College & Research Libraries News, 71(10), 526-530.
  • Barrionuevo, J.M., Berrone, P., & Ricart, J. E. (2012). Smart cities, sustainable progress. IESE Insight, Vol. 14, 50-57.
  • Bengshir, T. K. (2017). Smart Beyoğlu İstanbul/Turkey, http://we-gov.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ Smart-Beyoglu.pdf 1-18, (Erişim Tarihi 29.11.2019).
  • Bayrak Meydanoğlu, E. S. (2013). QR code: An interactive mobile advertising tool. International Journal of Business and Social Research (IJBSR), Volume 3, No.9, September, 26-32.
  • Bozkurt, A., Karadeniz, A., & Erdoğdu, E. (2018). Açık ve uzaktan öğrenme sisteminde karekod kullanımı: Açıköğretim ders kitapları örneği. AJIT-e: Online Academic Journal of Information Technology, Winter, Vol: 9, Num: 30, 105-120.
  • Buhalis, D., & Amaranggana, A. (2014). Smart tourism destinations. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, 553-564.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (2. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Cinnioğlu, H., & Demirdelen, D. (2018). Kare kodların (qr code) restoran işletmelerinde kullanımının belirlenmesi: İstanbul örneği. VII. Ulusal III. Uluslararası Doğu Akdeniz Turizm Sempozyumu, Bildiriler Kitabı, 100-108.
  • Cinnioğlu, H. (2019). Determining the use of qr (quick response) codes in hotels. Global Review of Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure Management, An Online International (Double- Blind) Refereed Research Journal (ISSN: 2311-3189) Vol: 5 Issue: 1, 700-714.
  • Cohen, B. (2015). Dr. BoydCohen at brussels smart city summit: 3 generations of smartcities. Erişim Tarihi 21.11.2019,http://smartcities.i-ambiente.es/?q=blogs/dr-boydcohen-brussels-smart-citysummit- 3-generationssmartcities.
  • Coleman, J. (2011). Qr codes: What are they and why should you care?. Kansas Library Association College and University Libraries Section Proceedings, 1(1-3), 16-23.
  • Couto, R., Leal, J., Costa, P. M., & Galvao, T. (2015). Exploring ticketing approaches using mobile technologies: Qr codes. NFC and BLE, IEEE 18th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 7-12.
  • Cox, S., & Shiffler, R. (2014). Extent of qr code adoption by consumers. Internation Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 4(6), 1-4.
  • Çelik, P., & Topsakal, Y. (2017). Akıllı turizm destinasyonları: Antalya destinasyonunun akıllı turizm uygulamalarının incelenmesi. Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi/ Journal of Travel and Hospitality Management, 14 (3), 2017, 149-166.
  • Dominguez, C.D., Hernandez, R.M., Talavera, A.S., & Lopez, E.P. (2015). Strategic determinants in the theoretical framework of the smart islands: The case of the island of el hierro. t-Forum Global Conference: Tourism Intelligence in Action, Naples, Italy, 1-28.
  • Dou, X., & Li, H. (2008). Creative use of qr codes in consumer communication. International Journal of Mobile Marketing, 3, 61–67.
  • Emek, M. (2012). Usage of qr code in tourism industry. 6th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure. 24 - 29 April, Fethiye, Turkey. 1-9.
  • Edith Burke, M., O’Callaghan, S., & Quigley, M. (2013). The business of digital storytelling: Augmenting information systems with qr code. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 15 (4), 347- 367.
  • Enginkaya, E., & Perker, B. (2018). Mobil pazarlamada qr kod uygulamaları. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 4 (13), 190-201.
  • Mahrous, T., & Al-Azab, M.R. (2016). Evaluation of the tourist acceptance of quick response (qr) code: Using technology acceptance model. Minia Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1 (2), December, 49-74.
  • Fino, Eulalia., R., Gutiérrez, J.M., Fernandez, M. D. M., & Davara, E. A. (2013). Interactive tourist guide: Connecting web 2.0, augmented reality and qr codes. 2013 International Conference on Virtual and Augmented Reality in Education, Procedia Computer Science 25, 338 – 344.
  • Gao, B.W., & Lai, I.K.W. (2015). The effects of transaction-specific satisfactions and integrated satisfaction on customer loyalty. Int. J. Hosp. Manag., 44, 38–47.
  • Goula, J. (2012). How hotels are using qr codes to provide improved customer experiences. Web: Erişim Tarihi: 03.12.2019, http://www.qrcodepress.com/how-hotels-are-using-qr-codes-to-provideimproved- customerexperiences/856515/
  • Heck, S., & Rogers, M. (2014). Are you ready for the resource revolution? Q&A with Stefan Heck, McKinsey Quarterly, Erişim Tarihi 19.12.2019, https://www.scmr.com/article/are_you_ready_ for_a_resource_revolution_qa_with_stefan_heck e.t.
  • Hall, R. E., (2000). The vision of a smart city (No. BNL-67902; 04042). Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (US). 1-6.
  • Hollands, R. G. (2008). Will the real smart city please stand up?. Intelligent, Progressive Or Entrepreneurial? City, 12(3), 303-320.
  • Hoon Lee, J., Phaal, R., & Lee, S. (2013). An integrated service-device-technology roadmap for smart city development. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 80, 286-306.
  • Hossain, Md, S., Zhou, X., & Rahman, Mst, F. (2018). Examining the impact of qr codes on purchase intention and customer satisfaction on the basis of perceived flow. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 10, 1–11.
  • Huang, X. K., Yuan, J. Z., & Shi, M. Y. (2012). Condition and key issues analysis on the smarter tourism construction in China. In Multimedia and signal processing, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 444- 450.
  • İvanoviç, S., Milojica, V., & Roblek, V. (2016). A holistic approach to innovations in tourism. International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 367-380.
  • Jasrotia, A., & Gangotia, A. (2018). Smart cities to smart tourism destinations: A review paper. Journal Of Tourism Intelligence And Smartness, 1 (1), 47-56.
  • Kümbetoğlu, B. (2008), Sosyolojide ve antropolojide yöntem ve araştırma. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayınları.
  • Law, C., & So, S. (2010). QR codes in education. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 3(1), 85-100.
  • Lazaroiu, G.C., & Roscia, M. (2012). Definition methodology for the smart cities model. Energy, 47 (1), 326-332.
  • Liao, K.-C., & Lee, W.-H. (2010). A novel user authentication scheme based on. Journal of Networks, 5 (8), 937-941.
  • Lou, L., Tian, Z., & Koh, J. (2017). Tourist satisfaction enhancement using mobile qr code payment: An empirical investigation. Sustainability, 9 (1186), 1-14.
  • Markman, A., Javidi, B., & Tehranipoor, M. (2014). Photon-counting security tagging and verification using optically encoded qr codes. IEEE Photonics Journal, 6 (1).
  • Meijer, A., & Bolívar, M. P. R. (2015). Governing the smart city: A review of the literature on smart urban governance. International Review Of Administrative Sciences. February, 82 (2) 392-408.
  • Mil, B., & Dirican, C. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri ve turizme etkileri. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Tourism, 1 (3), 1-9. Mohammad, S., & Azam, A. (2015). A model for ordering in restaurant based on qr code without presence of a waiter at the table. International Academic Journal of Innovative Research, 2 (12), 1-9.
  • Reischl, C. (2013). Data will drive smart cities’ Medical Tourism Success. Denver: Mercury Advisory Group.
  • Schaffers, H., Komninos, N., Pallot, M., Trousse, B., Nilsson, M., & Oliviera, A., (2011). Smart cities and the future internet: Towards cooperation frameworks for open innovation. in J. Domingue et al. (Ed), Future Internet Assembly, LNCS, 6656, 431-446.
  • Şimşek, E., & İbiş, S. (2019). Karekod uygulamalarının seyahat acenteleri açısından değerlendirilmesi. 20. Ulusal - 4. Uluslararası Turizm Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 16-19 Ekim, Eskişehir, 760-767.
  • Şimşek, E., & Kızıldemir, Ö. (2019). Restoranlarda karekod kullanımı: Beyoğlu üzerine bir araştırma. 20. Ulusal - 4. Uluslararası Turizm Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 16-19 Ekim, Eskişehir, 874-880.
  • Thayer, C. (2012). Consumer attitudes towards using qr codes in a retail setting. Distinction Papers, 1-24.
  • Topsakal, Y. (2018). Akıllı turizm kapsamında engelli dostu mobil hizmetler: Türkiye turizm için öneriler. Journal of Tourısm Intelligence And Smartness, 1 (1), 1-13.
  • Wang, D., Park, S., & Fesenmaier, D.R. (2012). The role of smartphones in mediating the touristic experience. Journal of Travel Research, 51(4): 371-387.
  • Wang, D., Li, X. R., & Li, Y. (2013). China’s “smart tourism destination” initiative: A taste of the servicedominant logic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(2), 59-61.
  • Web 1: https://beyoglu.bel.tr/smart-beyoglu-593.html&type=5 (Erişim Tarihi 28.11.2019).
  • Yavuz, M. C. (2019). Smart destination: Tourism, innovation, entrepreneurship, challenges. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research Futourism, 5 (2), 204-211.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2003). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin, 3 Baskı, Ankara.
  • Zhang, M., Yao, D., & Zhou, Q. (2012). The application and design of qr code in scenic spot’s eticketing system -A case study of shenzhen happy valley. International Journal of Science and Technology, 2 (12), 817-822.
There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Enver Şimşek This is me 0000-0002-1749-425X

Hasan Cinnioğlu This is me 0000-0001-7826-619X

Publication Date October 13, 2020
Submission Date January 7, 2020
Acceptance Date June 3, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 16 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Şimşek, E., & Cinnioğlu, H. (2020). AKILLI TURİZM DESTİNASYONLARINDAKİ OTELLERİN KAREKOD KULLANIMI: İSTANBUL SMART BEYOĞLU ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat Ve İşletme Dergisi, 16(3), 675-690. https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.798489