Cytotoxic Efficacy of Indigo and Yellow 2G with Vitamin C on the HepG2 Cell Line

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 1 - 7, 01.06.2023

Şeyda Karabörk , Gamze Doğdu , Turgay Pekdemir

https://doi.org/10.47947/ijnls.1237640

Abstract

We aimed to examine the effect of indigo and yellow 2G (Y2G) dyes, that are also commonly used as food additive and colorant, individually and combination with vitamin C on HepG2 human liver carcinoma cell line proliferation in vitro. MTT assay was applied to investigate the effect of dyes individually combined with vitamin C on HepG2 cells by treatment with different concentrations of these dyes for varying exposure times and performed. Regarding the exposure of HepG2 cells to indigo and Y2G dyes for 24, 48 and 72 h, 50 and 500 µg/ml (p=0.001 and p=0.003 respectively) of indigo at 24 h and 500 µg/ml (p=0.012) at 72 h; it showed that 5 µg/ml of Y2G for 24 h (p=0.004) and 1 µg/ml for 48 and 72 h (p=0.000, p=0.001) had the highest cytotoxic effect. Also, the results indicated that, especially the combinations of “indigo + vitamin C“ significantly increased cytotoxic effects on the HepG2 cell line (p=0.003). The obtained findings provide an exciting insight into the cytotoxic effects of indigo on HepG2 cells, and how they might work together to combat HCC's aggression.

Keywords

Indigo, Yellow2G, HepG2, Hepatocellular cancer, MTT

Thanks

The HepG2 cell line was supplied by Atlas Biotechnology, who has originally purchased it from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), for a cell culture course in 2019 at the Innovative Food Technologies Development Application Research Centre, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey. We would like to warmly acknowledge this support. We also like to thank Ms. Sara Arslan of, TAG Worldwide Graphic Designer, for her kind help with the schematic depiction of our test procedures.

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