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Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals

Year 2015, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 74 - 80, 13.06.2015
https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.5000033739

Abstract

Since liquefied natural gas (LNG) is stored at a temperature of about -160°C under ambient pressure, it is unable to avoid unexpected generation of boil-off gas (BOG) from LNG storage tanks due to heat transfer from the surroundings to the cryogenic system. Reasonable and effective treatment of BOG, can not only reduce the waste of energy at LNG terminals, but also guarantee the safety and stability of the system. This paper puts up with a novel process to condense the double-stage pre-cooled and compressed BOG by means of heat transfer with LNG. With the aim of minimizing the total power consumption, Aspen HYSYS is employed to simulate and optimize the process. It is indicated that system performance has been improved in comparison with the direct compression process and the re-condensation process with single-stage pre-cooling. Engineering issues about this process are discussed, simultaneously.

References

  • U.S. Energy Information Administration International 2013 energy http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/ (accessed May 5, 2014). [Online], Available:
  • Kumar, S., Kwon, H. T., Choi, K. H., Hyun Cho, J., Lim, W., and Moon, I., “Current status and future projections of LNG demand and supplies: A global prospective,” Energy Policy, 39, 4097-4104, 2011.
  • Lim, W., Choi, K., and Moon, I., “Current status and perspectives of liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant design,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 52, 3065-3088, 2013.
  • Lim, W., Lee, I., Tak, K., Cho, J. H., Ko, D., and Moon, I., “Efficient Configuration of a Natural Gas Liquefaction Process for Energy Recovery,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 53, 1973-1985, 2014.
  • He, T. B., Ju, Y. L., “A novel process for small-scale pipeline natural gas liquefaction,” Applied Energy, 115, 17-24, 2014.
  • Tan, H., Li, Y., Tuo, H., Zhou, M., and Tian, B., “Experimental study on liquid/solid phase change for cold energy storage of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) refrigerated vehicle,” Energy, 35, 1927-1935, 2010.
  • Wang, M., Zhang, J., Xu, Q., and Li, K., “Thermodynamic-analysis-based energy consumption minimization for natural gas liquefaction,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50, 12630-12640, 2011.
  • World’s LNG liquefaction plants and regasification terminals, [Online], Available: www.globallnginfo.com (accessed May 10, 2014).
  • Kumar, S., Kwon, H. T., Choi, K. H., Lim, W., Cho, J. H., Tak, K., and Moon, I, “LNG: An eco-friendly cryogenic fuel for sustainable development,” Applied Energy, 88, 4264-4273, 2011.
  • Mabuchi, N., “BOG reliquefaction with cold energy storage and utilization of LNG cold energy using cascade process,” Energy Resour, 27, 334–336, 2006.
  • Querol, E., Gonzalez-Regueral, B., García-Torrent, J., and García-Martínez, M. J., “Boil off gas (BOG) management in Spanish liquid natural gas (LNG) terminals,” Applied Energy, 87, 3384-3392, 2010.
  • Jung, M. J., Cho, J. H., and Ryu, W, “LNG terminal from design improvements,” in The 22nd World Gas Congress, Tokyo, Japan, 2003. operator’s practical
  • Shin, M. W., Shin, D., Choi, S. H., Yoon, E. S., and Han, C., “Optimization of the operation of boil-off gas compressors at a liquified natural gas gasification plant,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 46, 6540-6545, 2007.
  • Li, Y., Chen, X., “Dynamic Simulation for Improving the Performance of Boil-Off Gas Recondensation System at LNG Receiving Terminals,” Chemical Engineering Communications, 199, 1251-1262, 2012.
  • Yang, Z., Li, Y., “Optimization of boil-off gas recondensation process in LNG receiving terminal,” Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering, 60, 2876-2881, 2009. (In Chinese)
  • Li, Y., Chen, X., and Chein, M. H., “Flexible and cost- effective optimization recondensation process at LNG receiving terminals,” of Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 90, 1500- 1505, 2012. BOG (boil-off gas)
  • Park, C., Song, K., Lee, S., Lim, Y., and Han, C., “Retrofit design of a boil-off gas handling process in liquefied natural gas receiving terminals,” Energy, 44, 69-78, 2012.
  • Chen, X. (2012). Modeling and Dynamic Optimization of Recondensation Process at LNG Receiving Terminals (Master's Technology, Guangzhou. (In Chinese) China University of
  • AspenTech. Aspen HYSYS user guides. V7.3 ed. Burlington (MA, USA); 2011.
  • Gu, A., Lu, X., Wang, R., Shi, Y., and Lin, W., Liquefied Natural Gas Technology. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2004. (In Chinese)
  • Cao, W. S., Lu, X. S., Lin, W. S., and Gu, A. Z., “Parameter comparison of two small-scale natural gas liquefaction processes in skid-mounted packages,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 26, 898-904, 2006.
  • Xu, Q. (2012). Study on Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Characteristic of Cryogenic Heat Exchanger in BOG Reliquefaction System (Master's thesis), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou. (In Chinese)
  • Yang, Z. (2010). Optimization of the BOG recondensation process during the vessel transportation and storage of LNG (Master's thesis), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou. (In Chinese)
  • Salerno, L. J., Gaby, J., Johnson, R., Kittel, P., and Marquardt, E. D., “Terrestrial applications of zero-boil- off cryogen storage,” in Cryocoolers 11, Springer US, pp. 809-816, 2002.
  • Plachta, D. W., Christie, R. J., Jurns, J. M., and Kittel, P., “ZBO cryogenic propellant storage applied to a Mars sample return mission concept,” in ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference, AIP Publishing, pp. 205-212,2006.
Year 2015, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 74 - 80, 13.06.2015
https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.5000033739

Abstract

References

  • U.S. Energy Information Administration International 2013 energy http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/ (accessed May 5, 2014). [Online], Available:
  • Kumar, S., Kwon, H. T., Choi, K. H., Hyun Cho, J., Lim, W., and Moon, I., “Current status and future projections of LNG demand and supplies: A global prospective,” Energy Policy, 39, 4097-4104, 2011.
  • Lim, W., Choi, K., and Moon, I., “Current status and perspectives of liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant design,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 52, 3065-3088, 2013.
  • Lim, W., Lee, I., Tak, K., Cho, J. H., Ko, D., and Moon, I., “Efficient Configuration of a Natural Gas Liquefaction Process for Energy Recovery,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 53, 1973-1985, 2014.
  • He, T. B., Ju, Y. L., “A novel process for small-scale pipeline natural gas liquefaction,” Applied Energy, 115, 17-24, 2014.
  • Tan, H., Li, Y., Tuo, H., Zhou, M., and Tian, B., “Experimental study on liquid/solid phase change for cold energy storage of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) refrigerated vehicle,” Energy, 35, 1927-1935, 2010.
  • Wang, M., Zhang, J., Xu, Q., and Li, K., “Thermodynamic-analysis-based energy consumption minimization for natural gas liquefaction,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50, 12630-12640, 2011.
  • World’s LNG liquefaction plants and regasification terminals, [Online], Available: www.globallnginfo.com (accessed May 10, 2014).
  • Kumar, S., Kwon, H. T., Choi, K. H., Lim, W., Cho, J. H., Tak, K., and Moon, I, “LNG: An eco-friendly cryogenic fuel for sustainable development,” Applied Energy, 88, 4264-4273, 2011.
  • Mabuchi, N., “BOG reliquefaction with cold energy storage and utilization of LNG cold energy using cascade process,” Energy Resour, 27, 334–336, 2006.
  • Querol, E., Gonzalez-Regueral, B., García-Torrent, J., and García-Martínez, M. J., “Boil off gas (BOG) management in Spanish liquid natural gas (LNG) terminals,” Applied Energy, 87, 3384-3392, 2010.
  • Jung, M. J., Cho, J. H., and Ryu, W, “LNG terminal from design improvements,” in The 22nd World Gas Congress, Tokyo, Japan, 2003. operator’s practical
  • Shin, M. W., Shin, D., Choi, S. H., Yoon, E. S., and Han, C., “Optimization of the operation of boil-off gas compressors at a liquified natural gas gasification plant,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 46, 6540-6545, 2007.
  • Li, Y., Chen, X., “Dynamic Simulation for Improving the Performance of Boil-Off Gas Recondensation System at LNG Receiving Terminals,” Chemical Engineering Communications, 199, 1251-1262, 2012.
  • Yang, Z., Li, Y., “Optimization of boil-off gas recondensation process in LNG receiving terminal,” Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering, 60, 2876-2881, 2009. (In Chinese)
  • Li, Y., Chen, X., and Chein, M. H., “Flexible and cost- effective optimization recondensation process at LNG receiving terminals,” of Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 90, 1500- 1505, 2012. BOG (boil-off gas)
  • Park, C., Song, K., Lee, S., Lim, Y., and Han, C., “Retrofit design of a boil-off gas handling process in liquefied natural gas receiving terminals,” Energy, 44, 69-78, 2012.
  • Chen, X. (2012). Modeling and Dynamic Optimization of Recondensation Process at LNG Receiving Terminals (Master's Technology, Guangzhou. (In Chinese) China University of
  • AspenTech. Aspen HYSYS user guides. V7.3 ed. Burlington (MA, USA); 2011.
  • Gu, A., Lu, X., Wang, R., Shi, Y., and Lin, W., Liquefied Natural Gas Technology. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2004. (In Chinese)
  • Cao, W. S., Lu, X. S., Lin, W. S., and Gu, A. Z., “Parameter comparison of two small-scale natural gas liquefaction processes in skid-mounted packages,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 26, 898-904, 2006.
  • Xu, Q. (2012). Study on Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Characteristic of Cryogenic Heat Exchanger in BOG Reliquefaction System (Master's thesis), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou. (In Chinese)
  • Yang, Z. (2010). Optimization of the BOG recondensation process during the vessel transportation and storage of LNG (Master's thesis), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou. (In Chinese)
  • Salerno, L. J., Gaby, J., Johnson, R., Kittel, P., and Marquardt, E. D., “Terrestrial applications of zero-boil- off cryogen storage,” in Cryocoolers 11, Springer US, pp. 809-816, 2002.
  • Plachta, D. W., Christie, R. J., Jurns, J. M., and Kittel, P., “ZBO cryogenic propellant storage applied to a Mars sample return mission concept,” in ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference, AIP Publishing, pp. 205-212,2006.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Regular Original Research Article
Authors

Mengmeng Cui

Zongming Yuan This is me

Rui Song This is me

Ying Xie This is me

Lili Han This is me

Publication Date June 13, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Cui, M., Yuan, Z., Song, R., Xie, Y., et al. (2015). Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 18(2), 74-80. https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.5000033739
AMA Cui M, Yuan Z, Song R, Xie Y, Han L. Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals. International Journal of Thermodynamics. June 2015;18(2):74-80. doi:10.5541/ijot.5000033739
Chicago Cui, Mengmeng, Zongming Yuan, Rui Song, Ying Xie, and Lili Han. “Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-Condensation Process With Pre-Cooling at LNG Terminals”. International Journal of Thermodynamics 18, no. 2 (June 2015): 74-80. https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.5000033739.
EndNote Cui M, Yuan Z, Song R, Xie Y, Han L (June 1, 2015) Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals. International Journal of Thermodynamics 18 2 74–80.
IEEE M. Cui, Z. Yuan, R. Song, Y. Xie, and L. Han, “Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals”, International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 74–80, 2015, doi: 10.5541/ijot.5000033739.
ISNAD Cui, Mengmeng et al. “Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-Condensation Process With Pre-Cooling at LNG Terminals”. International Journal of Thermodynamics 18/2 (June 2015), 74-80. https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.5000033739.
JAMA Cui M, Yuan Z, Song R, Xie Y, Han L. Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals. International Journal of Thermodynamics. 2015;18:74–80.
MLA Cui, Mengmeng et al. “Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-Condensation Process With Pre-Cooling at LNG Terminals”. International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol. 18, no. 2, 2015, pp. 74-80, doi:10.5541/ijot.5000033739.
Vancouver Cui M, Yuan Z, Song R, Xie Y, Han L. Performance Improvement of a Boil-off Gas Re-condensation Process with Pre-cooling at LNG Terminals. International Journal of Thermodynamics. 2015;18(2):74-80.