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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2149-0910</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Munzur University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29132/ijpas.1800457</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications</subject>
                                                            <subject>Electrical Engineering (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Fotonik, Optoelektronik ve Optik İletişim</subject>
                                                            <subject>Elektrik Mühendisliği (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Gate-Drain Distance Optimization in Multi-Layer AlGaN High Electron Mobility Transistors: A Finite Element Analysis</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Çok Katmanlı AlGaN Yüksek Elektron Hareketliliği Transistörlerinde Kapı-Akaç Mesafesi Optimizasyonu: Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3065-9864</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Doğan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Yasin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KASTAMONU UNIVERSITY</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2765-4165</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Çiçek</surname>
                                    <given-names>Osman</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20251229">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>29</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>11</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>588</fpage>
                                        <lpage>603</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251009">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20251119">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>19</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) based on wide band gap semiconductors and two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) channels are crucial for high power and radio frequency applications. Gallium nitride (GaN)-based HEMTs offer superior breakdown voltage, electron transport characteristics, and thermal conductivity for next-generation power electronics. This study investigates the effect of gate-drain distance (Lgd) on electronic characteristics of a multi-layer graded AlₓGa₁₋ₓN HEMT structure (x = 0.05-0.30) on Si substrate using finite element method simulation through SimuApsys modeling software. The Lgd parameter was systematically varied between 0.8 μm and 30 μm to analyze breakdown voltage (Vbr), on-resistance (Ron), current-voltage char-acteristics, and electric field distribution. Simulation results reveal critical trade-offs: short Lgd (3-6 μm) provides low Ron and high current density (Ids,max ≈ 3.95 mA/mm) but lower Vbr (~135V) due to concentrated electric fields, while long Lgd (24-30 μm) achieves high Vbr (~380V) through distributed electric field profiles but with increased Ron and reduced current capacity (~0.65 mA/mm). Application-specific Lgd optimization guidelines are established: 3-6 μm for 350V. This simulation approach enables effective device design optimi-zation without expensive experimental fabrication.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Geniş bant aralığı yarı iletkenlere ve iki boyutlu elektron gazı (2-DEG) kanallarına dayanan Yüksek Elektron Hareketlilik Transistörleri (HEMT&#039;ler), yüksek güç ve radyo frekansı uygulamaları için çok önemlidir. Galyum nitrür (GaN) tabanlı HEMT&#039;ler, yeni nesil güç elektroniği için üstün kırılma gerilimi, elektron taşıma özellikleri ve termal iletkenlik sunar. Bu çalışma, SimuApsys modelleme yazılımı aracılığıyla sonlu ele-manlar yöntemi simülasyonu kullanarak Si substrat üzerinde çok katmanlı kademeli AlₓGa₁₋ₓN HEMT yapısının (x = 0.05-0.30) elektronik özellikleri üzerinde kapı-akaç mesafesinin (Lgd) etkisini araştırmaktadır. Lgd parametresi, kırılma voltajı (Vbr), direnç (Ron), akım-gerilim özellikleri ve elektrik alan dağılımını analiz etmek için 0,8 μm ile 30 μm arasında sistematik olarak değiştirilmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçları kritik ödünleşimleri ortaya koymaktadır: kısa Lgd (3-6 μm) düşük Ron ve yüksek akım yoğunluğu (Ids,max ≈ 3,95 mA/mm) sağlar, ancak yoğun elektrik alanları nedeniyle daha düşük Vbr (~135V) sağlarken, uzun Lgd (24-30 μm) dağıtılmış elektrik alanı profilleri sayesinde yüksek Vbr (~380V) sağlar, ancak Ron artar ve akım kapasitesi azalır (~0,65 mA/mm). Uygula-maya özel Lgd optimizasyon kılavuzları oluşturulmuştur: 350V için ≥30 μm. Bu simülasyon yaklaşımı, pahalı deneysel üretim olmadan etkili cihaz tasarımı optimizasyonu sağlar.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>SimuApsys</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  HEMTs</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Finite Element Method</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Channel Modulations</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Electronic Parameters.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>SimuApsys</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  HEMT&#039;ler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Kanal modülasyon etkileri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  elektronik parametreler</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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