Abstract
The stability of the oil phase obtained from intermediate pyrolysis process was used for this investigation. The analysis was based on standard methods of determining kinematic viscosity, gas – chromatography / mass - spectrometry for compositional changes, FT-IR for functional group, Karl Fischer titration for water content and bomb calorimeter for higher heating values. The methods were used to determine changes that occurred during ageing. The temperatures used for thermal testing were 60 ˚C and 80 ˚C for the periods of 72 and 168 h. Methanol and biodiesel were used as solvents for the analysis. The bio-oil samples contained 10 % methanol, 10 % Biodiesel, 20 % Biodiesel and unstabilised pyrolysis oil. The tests carried out at 80 ˚C showed drastic changes compared to those at 60 ˚C. The bio-oil samples containing 20 % biodiesel proved to be more stable than those with 10 % methanol. The unstabilised pyrolysis oil showed the greatest changes in viscosity, composition change and highest increase in water content. The measurement of kinematic viscosity and gas chromatograph mass spectrometry were found to be more reliable for predicting the ageing process.
References
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Abstract
References
- J.P. Diebold. A review of the chemical and physical mechanisms of the storage stability of fast pyrolysis oils. NREL PYNE aging report 072009.doc.
- S. Czernil, A.V.Bridgewater. Overview of applications of biomass fast pyrolysis oil. Energy and Fuel; Vol. 18, pp. 590-598, 2004.
- J.P. Diebold, S. Czernik. Additives to lower and stabilize the viscosity of pyrolysis oils during storage. Energy Fuels; Vol. 11, pp. 1081–91, 1997.
- M.E. Bouchera, A. Chaala, H. Pakdel, C. Roy. Bio-oils obtained by vacuum pyrolysis of softwood bark as a liquid fuel for gas turbines. Part II: Stability and ageing of bio-oil and its blends with methanol and a pyrolytic aqueous phase. Biomass and energy, Vol. 19, pp. 351- 361, 2000.
- R.N. Hilten and K.C. Das. Comparison of 3 accelerated aging procedures to assess bio-oil stability. Fuel, Vol. 89, pp. 2741 – 2749, 2010.
- S. Czernik, D.K. Johnson, Black. S. Stability of wood fast pyrolysis oil. Biomass and Energy, Vol. 7, pp. 92-187, 1994.
- A. Hornung. Patent number: GB 0808740.5, EU 0030831.4.
- J. Samanya, A. Hornung, M. Jones, P. Vale. The use of intermediate pyrolysis to increase the energy recovery from sewage sludge. 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Berlin, 6 - 10 June, 2011.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 1, 2011 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2011 Volume: 1 Issue: 3 |