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Çocuklarda bilişsel davranışçı terapi ve uygulamaları

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 5 S, 1630 - 1642, 21.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.328443

Abstract

Son yıllarda terapi kuramları arasında en çok yıldızı parlayan yaklaşım,
çabuk ve kalıcı neticeler vermesinden dolayı Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapidir
(BDT). Terapinin amacı, bilişsel bozulma ve yetersizliklerinin anlaşılmasını
sağlamak, gerçekliği test etmek, rasyonel olmayan düşünceler ve inançlarla baş
etmek, bunların rasyonel, akılcı düşüncelerle yer değiştirilmesini sağlamak ve
yeni becerileri öğretmektir (Grave ve Blissett, 2004, Kendall ve Braswell,
1993). Yetişkinlerde psikolojik bozukluklarda çok yaygın olarak kullanılan BDT,
çocuklarda da kullanılmaktadır. Yetişkinlerde ve çocuklarda uygulama
farklılıkları gözlenmektedir. Çocukların gelişim süreçlerinin devam etmesi uygulamadaki
farklılıkların temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle BDT uygulamasının
yapılabilmesi için gelişim süreçlerinin iyi bir şekilde özümsenmesi gerekliliği
doğmaktadır. Bu derlemede BDT’nin çocuklarda nasıl uygulandığı, yetişkinlerden
nasıl farklılaştığı, BDT teknikleri, yaşanan güçlükler ve uygulama örnekleri alanyazındaki
bilgiler ışığında tartışılmaktadır.



References

  • Adalet Bakanlığı, Ceza ve Tevkifevleri Genel Müdürlüğü, (http://www.cte.adalet.gov.tr/#)
  • Barrett, P. M., Duffy, A. L., Dadds, M. R. ve Rapee, R. M. (2001). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Children: Long-Term (6 Year) Follow-Up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. Vol 69, No.1, 135-141.
  • Benazon, N.R., Ager, J. ve Rosenberg, D. R. (2002). Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Treatment-Naive Children and Adolescents with Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder: An Open Trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 529-539.
  • Brown, A., Creswell, C., Barker, C., Butler, S., Cooper, P., Hobbs, C. ve Thirlwall, K. (2017). Guided parent-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for children with anxiety disorders: outcomes at 3- to 5-year follow-up. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56 (2). pp. 149-159.
  • Cohen, J. (2003). Treating Acute Posttraumatic Reactions in Children and Adolescents. Biological Psychiatry, 53, 827-833.
  • Compton, S. N., Peris, T. S., Almirall, D., Birmaher, B., Sherrill, J., Kendall, P. C., ... Albano, A. M. (2014). Predictors and moderators of treatment response in childhood anxiety disorders: Results from the CAMS trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82, 212–224.
  • Gander M. J.ve Gardiner H. W. (1993).Çocuk ve Ergen Gelişimi. İmge Yayınevi Ankara.
  • Geldard K. ve Geldard D. (1999). Counselling Children: A Practical Introduction. UK.
  • Gelfand D. M. ve Hartmann, D. P. (1988). Child Behavior Analysis and Therapy.( 2th Edition). Pergamon Press, UK.
  • Gezici- Bozkurt, S. (2003). Çocuk Psikopatolojisinde Gelişimsel Modeller (Özet Çev.).Türk Psikoloji Bülteni, cilt 9, 30-31, 56-65.
  • Grave, J. ve Blissett, J. (2004). Is Cognitive Therapy Developmentally Appropriate for Young Children? A Critical Review of the Evidence. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 399-420.
  • Hawton, K., Salkovskis, P. M., Kirk, J., Clark, D., M. (1989). Cognitive behavior Therapy for Psychiatric Problem- A Practical Guide. Oxford University Press. Oxford, s.10-11.
  • Jensen, T.K, Holt, T. ve Ormhaug, S.M. (2017). A Follow-Up Study from a Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial for Traumatized Children Receiving TF-CBT. J Abnorm Child Psychol.,26
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Braswell, L. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Impulsive Children.(Second Edition). Guilford Press, New York.
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Pimentel, S. S. (2003). On the Physiological Symptom Constellation in Youth with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Anxiety Disorders, 17, 211-221.
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Hedtke, K.A. (2006a). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Anxious Youth: Therapist Manual. 3. Ardmore, PA: Workbook Publishing.
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Hedtke, K.A. (2006b). The Coping Cat Program Workbook. 2. Ardmore, PA: Workbook Publishing.
  • Kratochwill, T.R. ve Morris, R. J. (1991). The Practice of Child Therapy. (2th Edition).Pergamon Press.
  • Muris, P., Meesters, C. ve Melick, M. (2002). Treatment of Childhood Anxiety Disorders: A Preliminary Comparison Between Cognitive- Behavioral Group Therapy and A Psychological Placebo Intervention. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 33, 143-158.
  • Ollendick, T.H., Grills, A. E. Ve King N. J. (2001). Applying Developmental Theory to the Assessment and Treatment of Childhood Disorders: Does It Make a Difference? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 8, 304-314.
  • Quakley, S., Reynolds, S. ve Coker, S. (2004). The Effect of Cues on Young Children’s Abilities to Discriminate Among Thoughts, Feelings and Behaviours. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 343-356.
  • Rodebaugh, T. L., Holaway, R. M. Ve Heimberg, R.G. (2004). The Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder. Clinical Psychology Review 24, 883-908.
  • Şahin, N.H. (2001) Bilişsel Terapi Temel İlkeler ve Ötesi (Çeviri: Judith Beck: Cognitive Therapies and Beyond) Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayını
  • Savaşır, I., Soygüt, G. ve Kabakçı, E. (2003).(Ed).Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapiler. İçinde (17- 46). Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Sorias, O., Bildik, T. ve Tekinsav-Sütcü, S. (2009a). Korku Avcısı Çalışma Kitabı. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları
  • Sorias, O., Bildik, T., Tekinsav-Sütcü, S. ve Aydın, A. (2009b). Korku Avcısı: Ankisyete Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklar İçin Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Rehberi. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Sukhodolsky, D. G., Kassinove, H. ve Gorman, B. S. (2004). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anger in Children and Adolescents: A Meta Analysis. Agression and Violent Behavior, 9, 247-269.
  • Sütçü, T. S. (2006). Ergenlerde Öfke ve Saldırganlığı Azaltmaya Yönelik Bilişsel Davranışçı Bir Müdahale Programının Etkililiğinin Değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Türkçapar, H., Sungur, Z. ve Akdemir, A.(1995). Çocuklar ve Ergenlerde Bilişsel Terapi. Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi 2 (2).
  • Urbain, Eugene S.; Kendall, Philip C. (1980). Review of Social–Cognitive Problem-Solving Interventions With Children. Psychological Bulletin, Vol 88(1), 109-143.

Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 5 S, 1630 - 1642, 21.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.328443

Abstract


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has recently been the most promising therapy approach, as it yields rapid and lasting results. The goal of this therapy is to measure cognitive impairment level, test reality, cope with irrational thoughts and beliefs, replace them with rational thinking, and teach new skills (Grave and Blissett, 2004, Kendall and Braswell, 1993). Widely used in psychological disorders in adults, CBT can also be used in children, with differences in practice due to their continuing development. Thus, the development processes should be well understood to apply CBT in children. This review examines CBT applications in children, CBT techniques, and difficulties in practice through examples from the relevant literature.

References

  • Adalet Bakanlığı, Ceza ve Tevkifevleri Genel Müdürlüğü, (http://www.cte.adalet.gov.tr/#)
  • Barrett, P. M., Duffy, A. L., Dadds, M. R. ve Rapee, R. M. (2001). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Children: Long-Term (6 Year) Follow-Up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. Vol 69, No.1, 135-141.
  • Benazon, N.R., Ager, J. ve Rosenberg, D. R. (2002). Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Treatment-Naive Children and Adolescents with Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder: An Open Trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 529-539.
  • Brown, A., Creswell, C., Barker, C., Butler, S., Cooper, P., Hobbs, C. ve Thirlwall, K. (2017). Guided parent-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for children with anxiety disorders: outcomes at 3- to 5-year follow-up. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56 (2). pp. 149-159.
  • Cohen, J. (2003). Treating Acute Posttraumatic Reactions in Children and Adolescents. Biological Psychiatry, 53, 827-833.
  • Compton, S. N., Peris, T. S., Almirall, D., Birmaher, B., Sherrill, J., Kendall, P. C., ... Albano, A. M. (2014). Predictors and moderators of treatment response in childhood anxiety disorders: Results from the CAMS trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82, 212–224.
  • Gander M. J.ve Gardiner H. W. (1993).Çocuk ve Ergen Gelişimi. İmge Yayınevi Ankara.
  • Geldard K. ve Geldard D. (1999). Counselling Children: A Practical Introduction. UK.
  • Gelfand D. M. ve Hartmann, D. P. (1988). Child Behavior Analysis and Therapy.( 2th Edition). Pergamon Press, UK.
  • Gezici- Bozkurt, S. (2003). Çocuk Psikopatolojisinde Gelişimsel Modeller (Özet Çev.).Türk Psikoloji Bülteni, cilt 9, 30-31, 56-65.
  • Grave, J. ve Blissett, J. (2004). Is Cognitive Therapy Developmentally Appropriate for Young Children? A Critical Review of the Evidence. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 399-420.
  • Hawton, K., Salkovskis, P. M., Kirk, J., Clark, D., M. (1989). Cognitive behavior Therapy for Psychiatric Problem- A Practical Guide. Oxford University Press. Oxford, s.10-11.
  • Jensen, T.K, Holt, T. ve Ormhaug, S.M. (2017). A Follow-Up Study from a Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial for Traumatized Children Receiving TF-CBT. J Abnorm Child Psychol.,26
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Braswell, L. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Impulsive Children.(Second Edition). Guilford Press, New York.
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Pimentel, S. S. (2003). On the Physiological Symptom Constellation in Youth with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Anxiety Disorders, 17, 211-221.
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Hedtke, K.A. (2006a). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Anxious Youth: Therapist Manual. 3. Ardmore, PA: Workbook Publishing.
  • Kendall, P.C. ve Hedtke, K.A. (2006b). The Coping Cat Program Workbook. 2. Ardmore, PA: Workbook Publishing.
  • Kratochwill, T.R. ve Morris, R. J. (1991). The Practice of Child Therapy. (2th Edition).Pergamon Press.
  • Muris, P., Meesters, C. ve Melick, M. (2002). Treatment of Childhood Anxiety Disorders: A Preliminary Comparison Between Cognitive- Behavioral Group Therapy and A Psychological Placebo Intervention. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 33, 143-158.
  • Ollendick, T.H., Grills, A. E. Ve King N. J. (2001). Applying Developmental Theory to the Assessment and Treatment of Childhood Disorders: Does It Make a Difference? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 8, 304-314.
  • Quakley, S., Reynolds, S. ve Coker, S. (2004). The Effect of Cues on Young Children’s Abilities to Discriminate Among Thoughts, Feelings and Behaviours. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 343-356.
  • Rodebaugh, T. L., Holaway, R. M. Ve Heimberg, R.G. (2004). The Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder. Clinical Psychology Review 24, 883-908.
  • Şahin, N.H. (2001) Bilişsel Terapi Temel İlkeler ve Ötesi (Çeviri: Judith Beck: Cognitive Therapies and Beyond) Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayını
  • Savaşır, I., Soygüt, G. ve Kabakçı, E. (2003).(Ed).Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapiler. İçinde (17- 46). Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Sorias, O., Bildik, T. ve Tekinsav-Sütcü, S. (2009a). Korku Avcısı Çalışma Kitabı. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları
  • Sorias, O., Bildik, T., Tekinsav-Sütcü, S. ve Aydın, A. (2009b). Korku Avcısı: Ankisyete Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklar İçin Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Rehberi. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Sukhodolsky, D. G., Kassinove, H. ve Gorman, B. S. (2004). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anger in Children and Adolescents: A Meta Analysis. Agression and Violent Behavior, 9, 247-269.
  • Sütçü, T. S. (2006). Ergenlerde Öfke ve Saldırganlığı Azaltmaya Yönelik Bilişsel Davranışçı Bir Müdahale Programının Etkililiğinin Değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Türkçapar, H., Sungur, Z. ve Akdemir, A.(1995). Çocuklar ve Ergenlerde Bilişsel Terapi. Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi 2 (2).
  • Urbain, Eugene S.; Kendall, Philip C. (1980). Review of Social–Cognitive Problem-Solving Interventions With Children. Psychological Bulletin, Vol 88(1), 109-143.
There are 30 citations in total.

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Ece Varlık Özsoy

Publication Date September 21, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 3 Issue: 5 S

Cite

APA Varlık Özsoy, E. (2017). Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3(5 S), 1630-1642. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.328443
AMA Varlık Özsoy E. Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. October 2017;3(5 S):1630-1642. doi:10.24289/ijsser.328443
Chicago Varlık Özsoy, Ece. “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Applications in Children”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3, no. 5 S (October 2017): 1630-42. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.328443.
EndNote Varlık Özsoy E (October 1, 2017) Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3 5 S 1630–1642.
IEEE E. Varlık Özsoy, “Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children”, International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, vol. 3, no. 5 S, pp. 1630–1642, 2017, doi: 10.24289/ijsser.328443.
ISNAD Varlık Özsoy, Ece. “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Applications in Children”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3/5 S (October 2017), 1630-1642. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.328443.
JAMA Varlık Özsoy E. Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2017;3:1630–1642.
MLA Varlık Özsoy, Ece. “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Applications in Children”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, vol. 3, no. 5 S, 2017, pp. 1630-42, doi:10.24289/ijsser.328443.
Vancouver Varlık Özsoy E. Cognitive behavioral therapy applications in children. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2017;3(5 S):1630-42.