Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 58 - 67, 28.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.53811/ijtcmr.1323602

Abstract

References

  • 1. da Silva PM, de Moura MC, Gomes FS, da Silva Trentin D, de Oliveira APS, de Mello GSV, da Rocha Pitta MG, de Melo Rego MJB, Coelho LCBB, Macedo A.J. PgTeL, the lectin found in Punica granatum juice, is an antifungal agent against Candida albicans and Candida krusei. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2018;108:391-400.
  • 2. Richards MJ, Edwards JR, Culver DH, Gaynes RP. Nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical intensive care units in the United States Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;21:510-515.
  • 3. Alfouzan W, Dhar R. Candiduria: evidence-based approach to management, are we there yet? J. Mycol. Med, 2017;27:293-302.
  • 4. Lehman H, Gordon C. The skin as a window into primary immune deficiency diseases: atopic dermatitis and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract. 2019;7:788-798.
  • 5. Fakhim H, Vaezi A, Dannaoui E, Chowdhary A, Nasiry D, Faeli L,. Meis JF, Badali H. Comparative virulence of Candida auris with Candida haemulonii, Candida glabrata and Candida albicans in a murine model. Mycoses, 2018; 61:377-382.
  • 6. Tsui C, Kong EF, Jabra-Rizk MA. Pathogenesis of Candida albicans biofilm, pathogens and disease. Pathog. Dis. 2016;74:ftw018.
  • 7. Agyar Yoldas P, Yoldas T, Sipahi N. Cytotoxicity of some retail food supplements. ITCMR. 202;1:31-136.
  • 8. Takwa S, Caleja C, Barreira JCM, Soković M, Achour L, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Arbutus unedo L. and Ocimum basilicum L. as sources of natural preservatives for food industry: A case study using loaf bread. LWT, 2018;88:47-55.
  • 9. Burdock G. Review of the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis. Food Chem. Toxicol. 1998;36:347-363.
  • 10. Dudoit A, Mertz C, Chillet M, Cardinault N, Brat P. Antifungal activity of Brazilian red propolis extract and isolation of bioactive fractions by thin-layer chromatography-bioautography. Food Chem. 2020;327:127060.
  • 11. Duman M, Özpolat E. Effects of water extract of propolis on fresh shibuta (Barbus grypus) fillets during chilled storage. Food Chem. 2015;89:80-85.
  • 12. Wayne P. CLSI, Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi, Approved Standard: CLSI document M38–A2, 2008.
  • 13. Wayne P. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI): Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi, Carol Stream, IL: Allured Publishing Corporation, 2008.
  • 14. Haghdoost N, Salehi T, Khosravi A, Sharifzadeh A. Antifungal activity and influence of propolis against germ tube formation as a critical virulence attribute by clinical isolates of Candida albicans. J. Mycol. Med. 2016;26:298-305.
  • 15. Zhang H, Xie L, Zhang W, Zhou W, Su J, Liu J. The association of biofilm formation with antibiotic resistance in lactic acid bacteria from fermented foods. J. Food Saf. 2013;33:114-120.
  • 16. Akbaba E, Bagci E, Hritcu L, Maniu C. Improvement of memory deficits via acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Nepeta nuda ssp. nuda essential oil in rats. Kuwait J. Sci. 2021;48.
  • 17. Yilmaz, MA, Essential oil composition of Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) cultivated in Bismil-Turkey. 6th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science 09-11 November 2018 (ISITES2018 Alanya – Antalya - Turkey).
  • 18. Kıvrak Ş. Essential oil composition and antioxidant activities of eight cultivars of Lavender and Lavandin from western Anatolia. Ind. Crops Prod. 2018;117:88-96.
  • 19. Carrasco A, Martinez-Gutierrez R, Tomas V, Tudela J. Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loiseleur) essential oil from Spain: determination of aromatic profile by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory bioactivities. Nat. Prod. Res. 2016;30(10):1123-1130.
  • 20. Tardugno R, Serio A, Pellati F, D’Amato S, Chaves López C, Bellardi MG, Benvenuti S. Lavandula x intermedia and Lavandula angustifolia essential oils: phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. Nat. Prod. Res. 2018;1-6.
  • 21. Bostancıoglu RB, Kürkçüoglu M, Baser, KHC, Koparal AT. Assessment of anti-angiogenic and anti-tumoral potentials of Origanum onites L. essential oil. Food and Chem. Toxicol. 2012;50:2002–2008.
  • 22. Altintas A, Tabanca N, Tyihák E, Ott PG, Móricz AM, Mincsovics E, Wedge DE. Characterization of volatile constituents from Origanum onites and their antifungal and antibacterial activity. J. AOAC Internat., 2013;96 (6):1200-1208.
  • 23. R. Mammadov, Tohumlu Bitkilerde Sekonder Metabolitler. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara. 2014.
  • 24. G. Aydin, N. Şirin, M. Kekeçoğlu, T.T. Akçay, N. Sipahi, H. Göksu. The use of natural preservative propolis and hypericum perforatum oil in herbal cream production. IJTCMR, 2021;2:27-35.
  • 25. Corrêa JL, Veiga FF, Jarros IC, Costa MI, Castilho PF, de Oliveira KMP, Rosseto HC, M.L. Bruschi, T.I. Svidzinski, M. Negri. Propolis extract has bioactivity on the wall and cell membrane of Candida albicans. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2020, 256, 112791.
  • 26. Behmanesh F, Pasha H, Sefidgar AA, Taghizadeh M, Moghadamnia AA, Adib Rad H, Shirkhani L. Antifungal effect of lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and clotrimazole on Candida albicans: an in vitro study Scientifica. 2015;261397.
  • 27. Erdoğan O, Celik A, Zeybek A. In vitro antifungal activity of mint, thyme, lavender extracts and essential oils on Verticillium dahliae Kleb Fresenius Environ Bul. 2016;25:11.
  • 28. Dolatabadi S, Salari Z, Mahboubi M. Antifungal effects of Ziziphora tenuior, Lavandula angustifolia, Cuminum cyminum essential oils against clinical isolates of Candida albicans from women suffering from vulvovaginal candidiasis. Infectio, 2019, 23, 222-226.
  • 29. D'auria F, Tecca M, Strippoli V, Salvatore G, Battinelli L, Mazzanti G. Antifungal activity of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil against Candida albicans yeast and mycelial form. Med Mycol. 2005;43:391-396.
  • 30. Rajkowska K, Nowicka-Krawczyk P, Kunicka-Styczyńska A. Molecules. Effect of clove and thyme essential oils on Candida biofilm formation and the oil distribution in yeast cells. 2019;1954.
  • 31. Zhang J, Ma S, Du S, Chen S, Sun H. Antifungal activity of thymol and carvacrol against postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea. J Food Sci Technol, 2019;56(5):2611-2620.
  • 32. Ozdikmenli S, Zorba NN. The effect of essential oils on Staphylococcus aureus. Turkish J. Agricul.-Food Sci. Technol. 2014;2:228-235.
  • 33. Li WR, Shi QS, Liang Q, Xie XB, Huang X, Chen YB. Antibacterial activity and kinetics of Litsea cubeba oil on Escherichia coli. PLoS One, 2014;9:e110983.
  • 34. Bajpai VK, Sharma A, Baek KH. Antibacterial mode of action of the essential oil obtained from Chamaecyparis obtusa sawdust on the membrane integrity of selected foodborne pathogens. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 2014;52.
  • 35. Siqueira ABS, Rodriguez LRNDA, Santos RKB, Marinho RRB, Abreu S, Peixoto RF, Gurgel BC. Antifungal activity of propolis against Candida species isolated from cases of chronic periodontitis. Braz. Oral Res. 2015;29:1-6.
  • 36. Nostro A, Marino A, Blanco AR, Cellini L, Di Giulio M, Pizzimenti F, Roccaro AS, Bisignano G. In vitro activity of carvacrol against staphylococcal preformed biofilm by liquid and vapour contact. J. Mycol. Med. 2009;58:791-797.
  • 37. Tamfu AN, Sawalda M, Fotsing MT, Kouipou RMT, Talla E, Chi GF, Epanda JJE, Mbafor JT, Baig TA, Jabeen A, Shaheen F. A new isoflavonol and other constituents from Cameroonian propolis and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antioxidant potential. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 2020;27:1659-1666.
  • 38. Archana P, Rao BN, Ballal M, Rao BS, Thymol, a naturally occurring monocyclic dietary phenolic compound protects Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts from radiation-induced cytotoxicity. MRGTEM. 2009;680:70-77.
  • 39. Alves M, Gonçalves MJ, Zuzarte M, Alves-Silva JM, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Salgueiro L. Unveiling the antifungal potential of two Iberian thyme essential oils: effect on C. albicans germ tube and preformed biofilms. Front. Pharmacol. 2019;446.
  • 40. E. Serra E, L.A. Hidalgo-Bastida LA, J. Verran J, D. Williams D, S. Malic S. Antifungal Activity of Commercial Essential Oils and Biocides against Candida albicans. Pathogens, 2018;7:15.

Biological Activity of Natural Formulation with Propolis, Lavender and Thyme Oil on Candida Species

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 58 - 67, 28.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.53811/ijtcmr.1323602

Abstract

Objective: Candida strains have been frequently associated with nosocomial infections in recent years. On the other hand, public prefer natural resources rather than synthetic materials. Therefore, it is important to research combine effects of natural products. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal and antibiofilm effectiveness of essential oils and propolis containing samples on Candida species and the toxicity of samples.
Material-Method: Three different samples were prepared with propolis, lavender oil and thyme oil. Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) GC/MS was used for the determination of organic compounds in samples. The antifungal effects of a natural product mix were tested against C. albicans, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis by disk diffusion method. MIC and MFC tests of the mixture were performed against a standard such as Nystatin. Antibiofilm tests were performed with the microplate system, taking into account the detected concentrations. Finally, in the cytotoxicity test investigated in the L929 cell line with the WST-1 kit.
Results: C. albicans was determined as the most sensitive species (MIC50: 90 ppm, MIC90: 750 ppm MFC: 3120 ppm). In the antibiofilm tests, it was determined that the sample was more effective on C. albicans and it inhibited biofilm formation. Also it was determined the IC50 value was 5052 ppm.
Conclusion: The natural product mixture, which has scientifically proven antifungal effect, has a feature that has high added value and contributes to the economy. But of course, it has to investigate by further studies. The findings of this study may lead to new therapeutic approaches with standardized natural products in the future.

References

  • 1. da Silva PM, de Moura MC, Gomes FS, da Silva Trentin D, de Oliveira APS, de Mello GSV, da Rocha Pitta MG, de Melo Rego MJB, Coelho LCBB, Macedo A.J. PgTeL, the lectin found in Punica granatum juice, is an antifungal agent against Candida albicans and Candida krusei. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2018;108:391-400.
  • 2. Richards MJ, Edwards JR, Culver DH, Gaynes RP. Nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical intensive care units in the United States Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;21:510-515.
  • 3. Alfouzan W, Dhar R. Candiduria: evidence-based approach to management, are we there yet? J. Mycol. Med, 2017;27:293-302.
  • 4. Lehman H, Gordon C. The skin as a window into primary immune deficiency diseases: atopic dermatitis and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract. 2019;7:788-798.
  • 5. Fakhim H, Vaezi A, Dannaoui E, Chowdhary A, Nasiry D, Faeli L,. Meis JF, Badali H. Comparative virulence of Candida auris with Candida haemulonii, Candida glabrata and Candida albicans in a murine model. Mycoses, 2018; 61:377-382.
  • 6. Tsui C, Kong EF, Jabra-Rizk MA. Pathogenesis of Candida albicans biofilm, pathogens and disease. Pathog. Dis. 2016;74:ftw018.
  • 7. Agyar Yoldas P, Yoldas T, Sipahi N. Cytotoxicity of some retail food supplements. ITCMR. 202;1:31-136.
  • 8. Takwa S, Caleja C, Barreira JCM, Soković M, Achour L, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Arbutus unedo L. and Ocimum basilicum L. as sources of natural preservatives for food industry: A case study using loaf bread. LWT, 2018;88:47-55.
  • 9. Burdock G. Review of the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis. Food Chem. Toxicol. 1998;36:347-363.
  • 10. Dudoit A, Mertz C, Chillet M, Cardinault N, Brat P. Antifungal activity of Brazilian red propolis extract and isolation of bioactive fractions by thin-layer chromatography-bioautography. Food Chem. 2020;327:127060.
  • 11. Duman M, Özpolat E. Effects of water extract of propolis on fresh shibuta (Barbus grypus) fillets during chilled storage. Food Chem. 2015;89:80-85.
  • 12. Wayne P. CLSI, Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi, Approved Standard: CLSI document M38–A2, 2008.
  • 13. Wayne P. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI): Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi, Carol Stream, IL: Allured Publishing Corporation, 2008.
  • 14. Haghdoost N, Salehi T, Khosravi A, Sharifzadeh A. Antifungal activity and influence of propolis against germ tube formation as a critical virulence attribute by clinical isolates of Candida albicans. J. Mycol. Med. 2016;26:298-305.
  • 15. Zhang H, Xie L, Zhang W, Zhou W, Su J, Liu J. The association of biofilm formation with antibiotic resistance in lactic acid bacteria from fermented foods. J. Food Saf. 2013;33:114-120.
  • 16. Akbaba E, Bagci E, Hritcu L, Maniu C. Improvement of memory deficits via acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Nepeta nuda ssp. nuda essential oil in rats. Kuwait J. Sci. 2021;48.
  • 17. Yilmaz, MA, Essential oil composition of Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) cultivated in Bismil-Turkey. 6th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science 09-11 November 2018 (ISITES2018 Alanya – Antalya - Turkey).
  • 18. Kıvrak Ş. Essential oil composition and antioxidant activities of eight cultivars of Lavender and Lavandin from western Anatolia. Ind. Crops Prod. 2018;117:88-96.
  • 19. Carrasco A, Martinez-Gutierrez R, Tomas V, Tudela J. Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loiseleur) essential oil from Spain: determination of aromatic profile by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory bioactivities. Nat. Prod. Res. 2016;30(10):1123-1130.
  • 20. Tardugno R, Serio A, Pellati F, D’Amato S, Chaves López C, Bellardi MG, Benvenuti S. Lavandula x intermedia and Lavandula angustifolia essential oils: phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. Nat. Prod. Res. 2018;1-6.
  • 21. Bostancıoglu RB, Kürkçüoglu M, Baser, KHC, Koparal AT. Assessment of anti-angiogenic and anti-tumoral potentials of Origanum onites L. essential oil. Food and Chem. Toxicol. 2012;50:2002–2008.
  • 22. Altintas A, Tabanca N, Tyihák E, Ott PG, Móricz AM, Mincsovics E, Wedge DE. Characterization of volatile constituents from Origanum onites and their antifungal and antibacterial activity. J. AOAC Internat., 2013;96 (6):1200-1208.
  • 23. R. Mammadov, Tohumlu Bitkilerde Sekonder Metabolitler. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara. 2014.
  • 24. G. Aydin, N. Şirin, M. Kekeçoğlu, T.T. Akçay, N. Sipahi, H. Göksu. The use of natural preservative propolis and hypericum perforatum oil in herbal cream production. IJTCMR, 2021;2:27-35.
  • 25. Corrêa JL, Veiga FF, Jarros IC, Costa MI, Castilho PF, de Oliveira KMP, Rosseto HC, M.L. Bruschi, T.I. Svidzinski, M. Negri. Propolis extract has bioactivity on the wall and cell membrane of Candida albicans. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2020, 256, 112791.
  • 26. Behmanesh F, Pasha H, Sefidgar AA, Taghizadeh M, Moghadamnia AA, Adib Rad H, Shirkhani L. Antifungal effect of lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and clotrimazole on Candida albicans: an in vitro study Scientifica. 2015;261397.
  • 27. Erdoğan O, Celik A, Zeybek A. In vitro antifungal activity of mint, thyme, lavender extracts and essential oils on Verticillium dahliae Kleb Fresenius Environ Bul. 2016;25:11.
  • 28. Dolatabadi S, Salari Z, Mahboubi M. Antifungal effects of Ziziphora tenuior, Lavandula angustifolia, Cuminum cyminum essential oils against clinical isolates of Candida albicans from women suffering from vulvovaginal candidiasis. Infectio, 2019, 23, 222-226.
  • 29. D'auria F, Tecca M, Strippoli V, Salvatore G, Battinelli L, Mazzanti G. Antifungal activity of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil against Candida albicans yeast and mycelial form. Med Mycol. 2005;43:391-396.
  • 30. Rajkowska K, Nowicka-Krawczyk P, Kunicka-Styczyńska A. Molecules. Effect of clove and thyme essential oils on Candida biofilm formation and the oil distribution in yeast cells. 2019;1954.
  • 31. Zhang J, Ma S, Du S, Chen S, Sun H. Antifungal activity of thymol and carvacrol against postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea. J Food Sci Technol, 2019;56(5):2611-2620.
  • 32. Ozdikmenli S, Zorba NN. The effect of essential oils on Staphylococcus aureus. Turkish J. Agricul.-Food Sci. Technol. 2014;2:228-235.
  • 33. Li WR, Shi QS, Liang Q, Xie XB, Huang X, Chen YB. Antibacterial activity and kinetics of Litsea cubeba oil on Escherichia coli. PLoS One, 2014;9:e110983.
  • 34. Bajpai VK, Sharma A, Baek KH. Antibacterial mode of action of the essential oil obtained from Chamaecyparis obtusa sawdust on the membrane integrity of selected foodborne pathogens. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 2014;52.
  • 35. Siqueira ABS, Rodriguez LRNDA, Santos RKB, Marinho RRB, Abreu S, Peixoto RF, Gurgel BC. Antifungal activity of propolis against Candida species isolated from cases of chronic periodontitis. Braz. Oral Res. 2015;29:1-6.
  • 36. Nostro A, Marino A, Blanco AR, Cellini L, Di Giulio M, Pizzimenti F, Roccaro AS, Bisignano G. In vitro activity of carvacrol against staphylococcal preformed biofilm by liquid and vapour contact. J. Mycol. Med. 2009;58:791-797.
  • 37. Tamfu AN, Sawalda M, Fotsing MT, Kouipou RMT, Talla E, Chi GF, Epanda JJE, Mbafor JT, Baig TA, Jabeen A, Shaheen F. A new isoflavonol and other constituents from Cameroonian propolis and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antioxidant potential. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 2020;27:1659-1666.
  • 38. Archana P, Rao BN, Ballal M, Rao BS, Thymol, a naturally occurring monocyclic dietary phenolic compound protects Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts from radiation-induced cytotoxicity. MRGTEM. 2009;680:70-77.
  • 39. Alves M, Gonçalves MJ, Zuzarte M, Alves-Silva JM, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Salgueiro L. Unveiling the antifungal potential of two Iberian thyme essential oils: effect on C. albicans germ tube and preformed biofilms. Front. Pharmacol. 2019;446.
  • 40. E. Serra E, L.A. Hidalgo-Bastida LA, J. Verran J, D. Williams D, S. Malic S. Antifungal Activity of Commercial Essential Oils and Biocides against Candida albicans. Pathogens, 2018;7:15.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Medicine (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Pınar Ağyar Yoldaş 0000-0002-9277-0648

Nisa Sipahi 0000-0001-8915-3545

Pınar Göç Rasgele 0000-0002-7558-3138

Haydar Göksu 0000-0003-4465-3057

Publication Date August 28, 2023
Submission Date July 6, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ağyar Yoldaş, P., Sipahi, N., Göç Rasgele, P., Göksu, H. (2023). Biological Activity of Natural Formulation with Propolis, Lavender and Thyme Oil on Candida Species. International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research, 4(2), 58-67. https://doi.org/10.53811/ijtcmr.1323602

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