CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 9, 211 - 227, 17.12.2021

Adem Palabıyık Orhan Orhun Ali Rıza Savaş

https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.981325

Abstract

The peacekeeping operations of the United Nations for bringing peace and stability, which have been accepted by the country and have great expectations from the people, sometimes fail to give the desired contribution but confront the people of the country, especially women and young girls. The habit of sexual abuse and exploitation, which is gained in almost every operation in which the United Nations intervenes and carries out a peacekeeping operation with another problem such as sexual abuse and exploitation, is now turning into a trust problem towards the United Nations. The complex post-war environment in which the United Nations intervened through peacekeepers is further complicated by this widespread and exposed problem posed by these forces. In this sense, it becomes as important as necessary to investigate the reasons why sexual abuse and exploitation are so widespread and permanent. The solutions that the United Nations tries to bring to this problem are not effective enough, and an effective method cannot be developed for the solution of this problem that has become permanent. Sexual abuse and exploitation, which is already a big problem in the legal context, is a complex problem that needs to be also solved in the illegal context. In this study, the reasons for the emergence of this problem, which has become unacceptable especially for women and young girls, have been discussed, and the efforts of the United Nations for a solution and the adequacy of this effort have been examined through examples.

Keywords

zero tolerence, United Nations, Sexual Abuse, Culture of Silence

SESSİZLİK KÜLTÜRÜ: BM’NIN BARIŞ KORUMA OPERASONLARINDA CİNSEL SÖMÜRÜ VE İSTİSMARA YÖNELİK ‘SIFIR TOLERANS' YAKLAŞIMINI İNCELEMEK

Abstract

Barış ve istikrarın tesisi için iç karışıklık yaşayan ülkelerin kabul ettikleri ve büyük umutlar besledikleri Birleşmiş Milletlerin barışı koruma hareketleri zaman zaman istenilen katkıyı verememenin yanında cinsel istismar ve sömürü gibi başka bir sorunla ülke halkını, özellikle kadın ve genç kızları, karşı karşıya bırakır. Birleşmiş Milletlerin müdahalede bulunduğu ve barışı koruma hareketlerini yürüttüğü hemen her operasyonda cinsel istismar ve sömürü konusunda kazanılan alışkanlık artık Birleşmiş Milletlere karşı bir güven problemi haline dönüşmektedir. Birleşmiş Milletlerin barış gücü askerleri aracılığıyla müdahalede bulunduğu savaş sonrası karmaşık ortam yine bu güçlerin sebep olduğu ve yaygın bir şekilde gerçekleşip ifşa edilen bu sorunla daha da karışık bir hale gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda cinsel istismar ve sömürünün bu denli yaygın ve kalıcı olmasının nedenlerini araştırmak önemli olduğu kadar gerekli bir hale de gelmektedir. Birleşmiş Milletlerin bu soruna ilişkin getirmeye çalıştığı çözüm yolları yeteri kadar etkili olmayıp kalıcı hale gelen bu sorunun çözümüne dair etkili bir yöntem de geliştirilememektedir. Yasal zeminde halihazırda büyük bir problem olan cinsel istismar ve sömürü yasal olmayan bağlamda da çözüme ulaştırılması gereken karmaşık bir sorundur. Bu çalışmada özellikle kadın ve genç kızlar için kabul edilemez hale gelen bu sorunun ortaya çıkış nedenleri tartışılıp çözümü üzerine Birleşmiş Milletlerin ortaya koyduğu çaba ve bu çabanın yeterliliği örnekler üzerinden incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Zero Tolerance, United Nations, Sexual Abuse, Culture of Silence, Peace.

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