Awareness Scale for Twice Exceptional Individuals: A Study on Validity and Reliability

Year 2024, , 851 - 876, 31.08.2024

Banu İlhan Emecan , Şener Şentürk , İdil Kefeli , Fatma Coşkun

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1449623

Abstract

In this study, the aim was to develop a valid and reliable scale that could be used to assess teachers' awareness towards twice-exceptional students on two occasions. The data of the research were obtained from two different samples consisting of 530 teachers (320 females; 210 males) and 304 teachers (188 females; 116 males), respectively. The scale items were created based on a review of the literature and interviews with the target group. Expert opinions were sought for the qualitative evaluation of the items and the scale in terms of content validity. Factor analysis techniques were utilized to examine the construct validity. Reliability analyses were conducted using Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients. The exploratory factor analysis revealed a scale structure composed of sub-dimensions "empathy and social sensitivity", "self-efficacy", "adaptability and flexibility", and "belief and acceptance". The sub-scales ranged from 3.521 to 1.085 in terms of self-worth, explaining 57.048% of the total variance. According to the fit indices obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis, the scale structure was strongly confirmed without any modifications (2=189.087; 2/df=2.251; GFI=0.923; CFI=0.900; IFI=0.902; RMSEA=0.064; SRMR=0.0539). It was determined that the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient values for the scale and its sub-dimensions ranged between 0.72-0.87, and the McDonald's Omega coefficient values ranged between 0.75-0.87. As a result of the scale development process, it was determined that the scale developed in the context of this research is a qualified measurement tool that can be used to determine teachers' awareness towards twice-exceptional students.

Keywords

Twice exceptional, twice exceptional students, awareness scale, validity, reliability, scale development

İki Kere Özel Bireylere Yönelik Farkındalık Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, öğretmenlerin iki kere özel öğrencilere ilişkin farkındalıklarını değerlendirmede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri sırasıyla 530 öğretmen (320 kadın; 210 erkek) ve 304 öğretmenden (188 kadın; 116 erkek) oluşan iki farklı örneklemden elde edilmiştir. Ölçek maddeleri, alan yazın taraması ve hedef grup ile yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda oluşturulmuştur. Maddelerin nitelik; ölçeğin ise kapsam geçerliği açısından değerlendirilmesi amacıyla uzman görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Yapı geçerliğini incelemek amacıyla faktör analizi tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Güvenirlik analizleri için Cronbach’nın Alfa ve Mcdonald'ın Omega katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda “empati ve sosyal duyarlılık”, “öz yeterlilik”, “uyum ve esneklik” ve “inanç ve kabullenme” alt boyutlarından oluşan ölçek yapısı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ölçek alt boyutları, öz değer açısından 3,521 ile 1,085 aralığında değişmekte olup toplam varyansın %57,048’inin açıklamaktadırlar. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda elde edilen uyum indekslerine göre, ölçek yapısının hiçbir değişiklik yapılmaksızın güçlü biçimde doğrulandığı (2=189,087; 2/df=2,251; GFI=0,923; CFI=0,900; IFI=0,902; RMSEA=0,064; SRMR=0,0539) belirlenmiştir. Ölçek ve alt boyutlarına ait Cronbach’ın Alfa katsayısı değerlerinin 0,72-0,87 aralığında; McDonald’ın Omega katsayısı değerlerinin ise 0,75-0,87 aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçek geliştirme sürecinin sonucunda, bu araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen ölçeğin öğretmenlerin iki kere özel öğrencilere yönelik farkındalıklarını belirlemek amacıyla kullanılabilecek nitelikli bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

İki kere özel, iki kere özel öğrenciler, farkındalık ölçeği, geçerlik, güvenirlik, ölçek geliştirme

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