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Year 2009, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 97 - 116, 01.06.2009

Doç.dr.emet Gürel , Dr.canan Muter Şengül

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yunan uygarlığının ve kültürünün yaygınlaşarak geniş alanlara yayılmasında büyük pay sahibi olan ve ‘fatihler fatihi’ olarak adlandırılan Büyük İskender’i yönetsel bakış açısıyla mercek altına almak ve stratejik liderlik bağlamında incelemektir. Yöntem: İ.Ö. 356-323 yılları arasında yaşayan Büyük İskender, Yunan kültürü ile Doğu kültürünün değerlerinin karışmasından doğan Helenistik kültürü tetikleyerek Roma İmparatorluğu’nun temellerini hazırlamış ve dünya tarihinin seyrini değiştirmiştir. Tüm dünyada çağlar boyunca irade, tutku ve cesaret sembolü olarak kabul edilen İskender’in liderlik potansiyelini ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla tarih ve yönetim disiplinlerine ilişkin ayrıntılı bir literatür araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda tüm zamanların en sıra dışı ve etkileyici karakteri olarak nitelenebilen Büyük İskender, stratejik liderlik açısından önemli bir vaka incelemesi olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Sonuç: Yirmi yaşında babası II. Philip’in yerine tahta geçen ve Yunan yarımadasından Hindistan’a dek uzanan büyük bir imparatorluk kuran İskender, askeri dehası ile tarihe mal olmuştur. Tarihçiler tarafından kendisine ‘Büyük İskender’ ismi yakıştırılan bu genç adam, otuz üç yıl süren kısa yaşamı sırasında başardıkları ile çağlar boyunca etkileri hissedilen pek çok başarıya imza atmıştır. Bu nedenle Batı’da olduğu gibi, Doğu’da da pek çok millet tarafından benimsenen ve çeşitli efsanelere konu olan Büyük İskender’in kişiliğinin ve yaşamının ayrıntılı analizi, stratejik liderliğe ilişkin tarihsel bir bakış anlamına da gelmektedir.

Keywords

Strateji Liderlik Stratejik Liderlik Büyük İskender

References

  • Beatty, K. & Hughes, R. (2005). “Reformula- ting Strategic Leadership”. European Business Forum, 21, p: 14.
  • Blanck, H. (1999). Eski Yunan ve Roma’da Yaşam. Çev., İslam Tanrıkut. İstanbul: Arion Yayınevi.
  • Bocci, N. J. (2004). Alexander the Great: A Personal History. MA Thesis, Univer- sity of Calgary, Department of Greek and Roman Studies.
  • Bose, P. (2004). Alexander the Great’s Art of Strategy. New York: Gotham Books.
  • Bosworth, A.B. (2005). Büyük İskender'in Yaşamı ve Fetihleri. Dost Kitabevi: An- kara.
  • Brown, B. (2005). “Alexander the Great: This Great Military Genius Changed the Face of the World”. Junior Scholastic, 108: 6, p: 12.
  • Copley, G. R. 2003. “What Constitutes Stra- tegic Leadership?”. Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy, 31: 9, p: 2.
  • Covington, R. (2004). “Mighty Macedonian, Alexander the Great”, Smithsonian, 35.8: 72.
  • Dinçmen, K. (1997). Psikiyatri ve Mitos. İs- tanbul: Eti Kitapları.
  • Droysen (2000). Büyük İskender. Çev., Bala Candemir. İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınları.
  • Eren, E. (1993). Yönetim ve Organizasyon. İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Eren, E. (2005). Stratejik Yönetim ve İşletme Politikası. İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Fox, R. L. (1980). The Search for Alexander. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
  • Geagan, D. J. (1998). “The Genius of Alexan- der the Great”. Canadian Journal of History, 33: 3, p: 437.
  • Gombrich, E. H. (1997). Genç Okurlar İçin Kısa Bir Dünya Tarihi. Çev., Ahmet Mumcu. İstanbul: İnkilap Kitabevi.
  • Guillot, W. M. (2003). “Strategic Leadership: Defining the Challenge”. Air & Space Power Journal, 17: 4, p: 67.
  • Hitt, M. A. & Ireland, R. D. (2002). “The Es- sence of Strategic Leadership: Mana- ging Human and Social Capital”. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 9: 1, p: 3.
  • Manfred, K. de V. (2003). “Doing an Alexan- der: Lessons on Leadership by a Master Conqueror”. European Management Jo- urnal, 21: 3 , pp: 370 - 375.
  • Manfredi, V. M. (2000). Büyük İskender - Makedonya’dan Anadolu’ya. Çev., Eren Cendey. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
  • Mercer, C. (1964). Alexander the Great. Lon- don: Cassell.
  • Mieghem, T. van (1998). “Lessons Learned from Alexander the Great”. Quality Progress, 31: 1, p: 41.
  • Mixter, J. R. (1997). “Alexander’s First Great Victory”. Military History, 14: 5, p: 50.
  • Montaigne, M. de (1997). Denemeler. Çev., Sabahattin Eyüpoğlu. İstanbul: Cem Ya- yınevi.
  • Norris, M. (1992). “Warren Bennis on Rebu- ilding Leadership”. Planning Review, 20: 5, p: 13.
  • Plutarkhos (2001). Büyük İskender - Hayatı ve Savaşları. Çev., Vahdet Gültekin. İs- tanbul: Kastaş Yayınları.
  • Shrivastava, P. and Nachman, S. A. (1989). “Strategic Leadership Patterns”. Strate- gic Management Journal, 10, p: 51.
  • Şenel, A. (2004). Siyasal Düşünceler Tarihi. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • The Department of History - United States of Army (2006). http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/ web03/atlases/ancient%20warfare/an- cient%20warfare%20maps/macedo- nian_battle_formation.gif, 10.04.2006.
  • Torrance, A. (2004). “What Makes a Great Leader?”. Strategic Direction, 20: 8, p: 4.
  • Wilson, I. H. (1996). “The 5 Compasses of Strategic Leadership”. Strategy & Lea- dership, 24: 4, p: 26.
  • Wood, M. (1997). In the Footsteps of Ale- xander the Great: A Journey from Greece to Asia. United States of Ame- rica: University of California Press.
  • http://encycl.opentopia.com/term/Ale- xander_the_ Great#Alexander's_le- gend, 20.05.2006
  • http://www.pathos.org, 20.04.2006.
  • http://dictionary.laborlawtalk.com/stra- tegy, 20.05.2006

An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great

Year 2009, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 97 - 116, 01.06.2009

Doç.dr.emet Gürel , Dr.canan Muter Şengül

Abstract

Objective: This study aims at examining Alexander the Great, who had a big role in spreading Greek civilization and culture in many parts of the world and who can be called as ‘conqueror of conquerors’, from a managerial point of view and examining him in strategic leadership context. Method: Alexander the Great, who lived between the years 356 BC - 323 BC, laid down the basis of Roman civilization by promoting the Hellenistic culture which was a mixture of Greek and Oriental cultures and this changed the way of world history. A well-detailed literature review related to history and management disciplines was carried out in order to highlight leadership potential of Alexander, who was regarded as the symbol of passion, will and courage all over the world for ages. Alexander the Great, who can be nominated as the most extraordinary and charismatic leader of all times within this context, can be regarded as an important case study in terms of strategic leadership. Conclusion: Alexander, who succeeded to the crown after his father Philip II when he was 20 and who founded a great empire stretching from Greek Peninsula to India, became a historically important person thanks to his military genius. Young Alexander was given the name ‘Alexander the Great’ by historians. He succeeded in many great things during his 33-year old life that his deeds have been remembered for ages. Therefore; a detailed analysis of life and personality of Alexander, who was internalized and turned into the main character of many legends by many nations in not only Oriental but also Western world, represents a historic point of view in terms of strategic leadership.

Keywords

Strategy Leadership Strategic Leadership Alexander the Great Army Strategy.

References

  • Beatty, K. & Hughes, R. (2005). “Reformula- ting Strategic Leadership”. European Business Forum, 21, p: 14.
  • Blanck, H. (1999). Eski Yunan ve Roma’da Yaşam. Çev., İslam Tanrıkut. İstanbul: Arion Yayınevi.
  • Bocci, N. J. (2004). Alexander the Great: A Personal History. MA Thesis, Univer- sity of Calgary, Department of Greek and Roman Studies.
  • Bose, P. (2004). Alexander the Great’s Art of Strategy. New York: Gotham Books.
  • Bosworth, A.B. (2005). Büyük İskender'in Yaşamı ve Fetihleri. Dost Kitabevi: An- kara.
  • Brown, B. (2005). “Alexander the Great: This Great Military Genius Changed the Face of the World”. Junior Scholastic, 108: 6, p: 12.
  • Copley, G. R. 2003. “What Constitutes Stra- tegic Leadership?”. Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy, 31: 9, p: 2.
  • Covington, R. (2004). “Mighty Macedonian, Alexander the Great”, Smithsonian, 35.8: 72.
  • Dinçmen, K. (1997). Psikiyatri ve Mitos. İs- tanbul: Eti Kitapları.
  • Droysen (2000). Büyük İskender. Çev., Bala Candemir. İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınları.
  • Eren, E. (1993). Yönetim ve Organizasyon. İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Eren, E. (2005). Stratejik Yönetim ve İşletme Politikası. İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Fox, R. L. (1980). The Search for Alexander. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
  • Geagan, D. J. (1998). “The Genius of Alexan- der the Great”. Canadian Journal of History, 33: 3, p: 437.
  • Gombrich, E. H. (1997). Genç Okurlar İçin Kısa Bir Dünya Tarihi. Çev., Ahmet Mumcu. İstanbul: İnkilap Kitabevi.
  • Guillot, W. M. (2003). “Strategic Leadership: Defining the Challenge”. Air & Space Power Journal, 17: 4, p: 67.
  • Hitt, M. A. & Ireland, R. D. (2002). “The Es- sence of Strategic Leadership: Mana- ging Human and Social Capital”. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 9: 1, p: 3.
  • Manfred, K. de V. (2003). “Doing an Alexan- der: Lessons on Leadership by a Master Conqueror”. European Management Jo- urnal, 21: 3 , pp: 370 - 375.
  • Manfredi, V. M. (2000). Büyük İskender - Makedonya’dan Anadolu’ya. Çev., Eren Cendey. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
  • Mercer, C. (1964). Alexander the Great. Lon- don: Cassell.
  • Mieghem, T. van (1998). “Lessons Learned from Alexander the Great”. Quality Progress, 31: 1, p: 41.
  • Mixter, J. R. (1997). “Alexander’s First Great Victory”. Military History, 14: 5, p: 50.
  • Montaigne, M. de (1997). Denemeler. Çev., Sabahattin Eyüpoğlu. İstanbul: Cem Ya- yınevi.
  • Norris, M. (1992). “Warren Bennis on Rebu- ilding Leadership”. Planning Review, 20: 5, p: 13.
  • Plutarkhos (2001). Büyük İskender - Hayatı ve Savaşları. Çev., Vahdet Gültekin. İs- tanbul: Kastaş Yayınları.
  • Shrivastava, P. and Nachman, S. A. (1989). “Strategic Leadership Patterns”. Strate- gic Management Journal, 10, p: 51.
  • Şenel, A. (2004). Siyasal Düşünceler Tarihi. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • The Department of History - United States of Army (2006). http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/ web03/atlases/ancient%20warfare/an- cient%20warfare%20maps/macedo- nian_battle_formation.gif, 10.04.2006.
  • Torrance, A. (2004). “What Makes a Great Leader?”. Strategic Direction, 20: 8, p: 4.
  • Wilson, I. H. (1996). “The 5 Compasses of Strategic Leadership”. Strategy & Lea- dership, 24: 4, p: 26.
  • Wood, M. (1997). In the Footsteps of Ale- xander the Great: A Journey from Greece to Asia. United States of Ame- rica: University of California Press.
  • http://encycl.opentopia.com/term/Ale- xander_the_ Great#Alexander's_le- gend, 20.05.2006
  • http://www.pathos.org, 20.04.2006.
  • http://dictionary.laborlawtalk.com/stra- tegy, 20.05.2006
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA23KR84MG
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Doç.dr.emet Gürel

Dr.canan Muter Şengül This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gürel, D., & Şengül, D. M. (2009). An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 11(2), 97-116.
AMA Gürel D, Şengül DM. An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great. isguc. June 2009;11(2):97-116.
Chicago Gürel, Doç.dr.emet, and Dr.canan Muter Şengül. “An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 11, no. 2 (June 2009): 97-116.
EndNote Gürel D, Şengül DM (June 1, 2009) An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 11 2 97–116.
IEEE D. Gürel and D. M. Şengül, “An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great”, isguc, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 97–116, 2009.
ISNAD Gürel, Doç.dr.emet - Şengül, Dr.canan Muter. “An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 11/2 (June 2009), 97-116.
JAMA Gürel D, Şengül DM. An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great. isguc. 2009;11:97–116.
MLA Gürel, Doç.dr.emet and Dr.canan Muter Şengül. “An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, vol. 11, no. 2, 2009, pp. 97-116.
Vancouver Gürel D, Şengül DM. An Historical View to Strategic Leadership: Alexander the Great. isguc. 2009;11(2):97-116.