İnsani Müdahale Sorunu Bağlamında Egemenlik ve Kozmopolitanizm

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 5, 3047 - 3064, 21.12.2017

Tuğba Bağbaşlıoğlu

Abstract

Vestfalya Antlaşması’ndan sonra kurulan dünya
düzeni egemen eşitliği ilkesi üzerine inşa edilmiş bir uluslararası sistem
öngörmekteydi. Zaman içinde olgunlaşan ve değişen bu sistem İkinci Dünya
Savaşı’ndan sonra önce insan hakları adına gerçekleştirilen kurumsal
girişimlerin ardından da küreselleşme sürecinin yoğun baskısı altında kalmış ve
sistemin ciddi bir kriz içinde olduğu iddia edilmiştir. Bu iddiaların bazıları artık
sistemin kendini idame ettirmeye muktedir olmadığı tespiti üzerinde
odaklanmakta ve mevcut sistemi ikame edecek yeni bir arayışın bir zaruret
olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma bu doğrultuda kozmopolitan düşüncenin
Vestfalyan düzen için bir alternatif olarak nasıl algılandığı üzerine
yoğunlaşmakta ve bir pratik olarak insani müdahalenin bu tartışmadaki yerini
sorgulamaktadır. Modern dünyanın sadece düşünsel temelini değil aynı zamanda
siyaset yapma pratiğini de etkileyen kozmopolitan düşünce Vestfalyan düzenin
egemenlik ve ülkesellik esaslarına dayanan bakış açısına çeşitli alternatifler
getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada insani müdahale kavramının özellikle moral boyutu
kozmopolitan düşünce ile ilişkilendirilerek ele alınmıştır ve insani müdahale
meselesi kozmopolitanizm ve egemenlik tartışmaları içinde kritik bir sorun
olarak değerlendirilmiştir. 

Keywords

İnsani Müdahale, Kozmopolitanizm, Egemenlik, Birleşmiş Milletler, Uluslararası İlişkiler

Sovereignty and Cosmopolitanism in the Context of the Issue of Humanitarian Intervention

Abstract

The world order established
after the Peace of Westphalia predicted an international system based on the
principle of equal sovereignty.  This
system, which has matured and evolved in time, was under the heavy oppression
of firstly the institutional initiatives under the name of human rights and
then the globalization process, and it was claimed that the system is in a
serious crisis. Some of these claims focus on the statement that the system is
no longer able to sustain itself, and emphasize that a new quest to substitute
the current system is a necessity. In this direction, this study focuses on how
cosmopolitan thought is perceived as an alternative for the Westphalian order
and questions the place of humanitarian intervention as a practice in this
argument. Cosmopolitan thought, which not only affected the intellectual basis
but also the practice of politics of the modern world, brought diverse
alternatives to the perspective of the Westphalian order based on the
principles of sovereignty and territoriality. 
In this study, particularly the moral aspect of the humanitarian
intervention concept, is discussed in association with the cosmopolitan thought,
and the issue of humanitarian intervention is appraised as a critical issue in
discussions of cosmopolitanism and sovereignty.

Keywords

Humanitarian Intervention, Cosmopolitanism, Sovereignty, United Nations

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