“Modern Çocuk” ve “Küçük Yetişkin” Kavramlarının Yeniden Değerlendirilmesi— “Çocuk Edebiyatı”na bir Alternatif olarak “Üçüncü Dünya Küçük Yetişkin Edebiyatı” için bir Çağrı

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 897 - 915, 30.06.2019

Devrim Çetin Güven

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.499649

Abstract

Erişkin muamelesi gören modernite-öncesi “küçük
yetişkin”, yetişkinler tarafından korunmaya ve eğitilmeye muhtaç “modern
çocuk”un tam karşıtıydı. Büyük ölçüde Grimmler ve izdeşleri tarafından
şekillendirilmiş olan “çocuk edebiyatı” “çocuk”u yetişkinlerin kültür
sahasından aşırı bir şekilde tecrit ettiği için okurlar ile karakterler
arasında aşılması mümkün olmayan bir eleştirel mesafe inşa edildi; bu da
“çocuk”u yetişkinlerin dünyasından ve “tarih”ten soyutlayan “modern çocuk
söylemi”ni destekleyegeldi. Ancak, özellikle sömürgecilik-karşıtı bir tarihsel
bilinçle yazılmış “Üçüncü Dünya küçük yetişkin edebiyatı”nın bazı eserleri
alternatif bir model oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede öncelikle “modern çocuk” ve
“çocuk edebiyatı” addedilen söylemsel kategorilerin kusurlu temelleri ifşa
edilmektedir. Akabinde, okuyucularının yaratıcılığına ve eğitimine potansiyel
katkıları kapsamında, bu kategorinin nasıl geleneksel modern çocuk edebiyatının
panzehiri olarak kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymak maksadıyla “Üçüncü Dünya küçük
yetişkin edebiyatı”ndan bazı örnekler çözümlenmektedir.      

Keywords

Samed Behrengi, Gao Yubao, Rabia Zochdi, Kojin Karatani, Postkolonyal Edebiyat, Çocuk Edebiyatı

Reviewing the Concepts of “the Modern Child” and “Small Adult”— A Plea for “Third World Small Adults’ Literature” as an Alternative to “Children’s Literature”

Abstract

The pre-modern “small adult”, who was treated as a grownup,
used to be the complete opposite of the “the modern child” who needed to be
protected and educated by adults. Because children’s literature, which was
largely shaped by the Grimms and their followers, excessively isolated “the
child” from the cultural sphere of adults, an impassable critical distance was
constructed between the readers and characters, which supported “the modern
child discourse” isolating the child from the world of adults and “history”. However,
especially certain works of the “Third World small adults’ literature” written
with an anti-colonial historical consciousness provides an alternative model.
This article primarily reveals the flawed foundations of the discursive
categories that are regarded as “the modern child” and “children’s literature”.
Then, it analyses certain examples of the “Third World small adults’ literature”
in order to manifest how this category could serve as an antidote to the
conventional modern children’s literature within the scope of its potential
contributions to the creativity and education of its readers.                       

Keywords

Samad Behrangi, Gao Yubao, Rabia Zochdi, Kojin Karatani, Postcolonial Literature, Children’s Literature

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