Research Article
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Tekrarlanan Cinsel İstismar Mağduriyeti ve Okul Ortamında Yapılması Gerekenler

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 965 - 990, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.530754

Abstract

Çocuk cinsel istismarı
mağdurlarının diğer bireylere göre hayatlarının sonraki döneminde tekrar cinsel
istismar (TCİ) mağduru olma riskleri daha fazladır. Bu çalışma ile TCİ’nin
sıklığına, TCİ’de cinsiyet faktörüne, TCİ mağdurlarının psikolojik
özelliklerine ve psikolojik danışmanlar tarafından okul ortamında yapılması
gerekenlere dair bilgilerin sunulması ve araştırmacıların bu konuya dikkatinin
çekilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, konuyla ilgili makaleler
Google
Akademik ve Pubmed veri tabanları kullanılarak taranmıştır. İlgili alanyazın ışığında, TCİ bütüncül bir
bakış açısıyla ele alınmadığı takdirde, bu mağdur öğrencilerin yeniden cinsel
istismar yaşamaları önlenemeyeceği gibi yaşadıkları psikososyal ve eğitimsel
sorunlar artabilir. Bu bağlamda, ekolojik bakış açısı dikkate alınarak, TCİ
riski veya mağduriyeti olan öğrencilere yapılacak müdahalelerde ontojenik
gelişim, mikrosistem, ekzosistem ve makrosistem düzeyinde çalışmalarda
bulunulabilir.  

References

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  • Blackwell, L. M., Lynn, S. J., Vanderhoff, H., & Gidycz, C. (2004). Sexual assault revictimization: Toward effective risk-reduction programs. L. J. Koenig, L. S. Doll, A. O'Leary & W. Pequegnat (Ed.), From child sexual abuse to adult sexual risk: Trauma, revictimization, and intervention içinde (s. 269-295). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
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  • Chu, J. A. (1992). The revictimization of adult women with histories of childhood abuse. The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 1(3), 259-269.
  • Classen, C., Field, N. P., Koopman, C., Nevill-Manning, K., & Spiegel, D. (2001). Interpersonal problems and their relationship to sexual revictimization among women sexually abused in childhood. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(6), 495-509.
  • Classen, C. C., Palesh, O. G., & Aggarwal, R. (2005). Sexual revictimization: A review of the empirical literature. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 6(2), 103-129.
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  • DePrince, A. P., Chu, A. T., Labus, J., Shirk, S. R., & Potter, C. (2015). Testing two approaches to revictimization prevention among adolescent girls in the child welfare system. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(2), S33-S39.
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  • Grauerholz, L. (2000). An ecological approach to understanding sexual revictimization: Linking personal, interpersonal, and sociocultural factors and processes. Child Maltreatment, 5(1), 5-17.
  • Hannan, S. M., Orcutt, H. K., Miron, L. R., & Thompson, K. L. (2017). Childhood sexual abuse and later alcohol-related problems: Investigating the roles of revictimization, PTSD, and drinking motivations among college women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(14), 2118-2138.
  • Hébert, M., Moreau, C., Blais, M., Lavoie, F., & Guerrier, M. (2017). Child sexual abuse as a risk factor for teen dating violence: Findings from a representative sample of Quebec youth. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 10(1), 51-61.
  • Hulsmann, J. E. (2005). Rates of female revictimization: A longitudinal prospective study. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. Cincinnati Üniversitesi, Cincinnati, Birleşik Devletler.
  • Koçtürk, N. (2016). Tekrarlanan cinsel istismara maruz kalan ergenlerin bireysel ve ailesel risk faktörleri. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara. Koçtürk, N. (2017). İstismar bildirimi sonrası aileye psikolojik müdahale. E. Şenol Durak & M. Durak (Ed.), Adli psikolojide psikolojik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon içinde (s. 319-340). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Koçtürk, N. (2018). Çocuk ihmalini ve istismarını önlemede okul çalışanlarının sorumlulukları. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 38-47.
  • Koçtürk, N., Ulaş, Ö., & Bilginer, Ç. (2018). Career development and educational status of the sexual abuse victims: The first data from Turkey. School Mental Health, 11(1), 179-190.
  • Koçtürk, N., & Yılmaz, D. (2018). Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali için risk altındaki çocukları belirlemeye ve müdahale etmeye yönelik model/veri tabanı önerisi. Kastamonu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(6), 1919-1927.
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Sexual Revictimization and What Needs to Be Done in the School Environment

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 965 - 990, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.530754

Abstract

Child
sexual abuse victims are more likely to be the victims of sexual revictimization
(SR) at later stages of their lives compared to other individuals. The present
study aims to provide information about the prevalence of SR, the gender factor
on SR, the psychological characteristics of SR victims and the actions to be
taken in education environments by school counselors and to draw the attention
of researchers to this matter. For this purpose, relevant articles were
searched using Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. In the light of the
relevant literature,
unless SR is embraced from a holistic perspective, these victimized
students can re-live
sexual abuse and their psycho-social
and educational problems can get worse. In this context, considering the
ecological perspective
, school counselors may carry out studies at the
levels of ontogenic development, microsystem, exosystem and macrosystem in
interventions aimed at students who are the victims or under the risk of SR
.  

References

  • Anderson, R. E. (2014). Not getting out while there is still time? Behavioral response to threat as a possible mechanism of sexual revictimization. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. Wisconsin-Milwaukee Üniversitesi, Wisconsin, Birleşik Devletler.
  • Arata, C. M. (2000). From child victim to adult victim: A model for predicting sexual revictimization. Child Maltreatment, 5(1), 28-38.
  • Arata, C. M. (2002). Child sexual abuse and sexual revictimization. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9(2), 135-164.
  • Bağla, A. G., Arıkan, M., Kılıç, R. Ö., Orulluoğlu, F., Kuyucu, İ., Özğan, M., ... & Soran, Ö. (2017). Sağlık çalışanları, öğretmenler ve üniversite 1. sınıf öğrencilerinin çocuk istismarı ve ihmali ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 1-10.
  • Balsam, K. F., Lehavot, K., & Beadnell, B. (2011). Sexual revictimization and mental health: A comparison of lesbians, gay men, and heterosexual women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(9), 1798-1814.
  • Blackwell, L. M., Lynn, S. J., Vanderhoff, H., & Gidycz, C. (2004). Sexual assault revictimization: Toward effective risk-reduction programs. L. J. Koenig, L. S. Doll, A. O'Leary & W. Pequegnat (Ed.), From child sexual abuse to adult sexual risk: Trauma, revictimization, and intervention içinde (s. 269-295). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Brenner, I., & Ben-Amitay, G. (2015). Sexual revictimization: The impact of attachment anxiety, accumulated trauma, and response to childhood sexual abuse disclosure. Violence and Victims, 30(1), 49-65.
  • Chu, J. A. (1992). The revictimization of adult women with histories of childhood abuse. The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 1(3), 259-269.
  • Classen, C., Field, N. P., Koopman, C., Nevill-Manning, K., & Spiegel, D. (2001). Interpersonal problems and their relationship to sexual revictimization among women sexually abused in childhood. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(6), 495-509.
  • Classen, C. C., Palesh, O. G., & Aggarwal, R. (2005). Sexual revictimization: A review of the empirical literature. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 6(2), 103-129.
  • Clodfelter, T. A., Turner, M. G., Hartman, J. L., & Kuhns, J. B. (2010). Sexual harassment victimization during emerging adulthood: A test of routine activities theory and a general theory of crime. Crime & Delinquency, 56(3), 455-481.
  • Coid, J., Petruckevitch, A., Feder, G., Chung, W., Richardson, J., & Moorey, S. (2001). Relation between childhood sexual and physical abuse and risk of revictimisation in women: A cross-sectional survey. The Lancet, 358(9280), 450-454.
  • Cohen, L. E., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. American Sociological Review, 44(4), 588-608.
  • Culatta, E., Clay-Warner, J., Boyle, K. M., & Oshri, A. (2017). Sexual revictimization: A routine activity theory explanation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. Erken çevrimiçi yayın. doi:10.1177/0886260517704962
  • Danielson, C. K., McCart, M. R., de Arellano, M. A., Macdonald, A., Doherty, L. S., & Resnick, H. S. (2010). Risk reduction for substance use and trauma-related psychopathology in adolescent sexual assault victims: Findings from an open trial. Child Maltreatment, 15(3), 261-268.
  • Das, A., & Otis, N. (2016). Sexual contact in childhood, revictimization, and lifetime sexual and psychological outcomes. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45(5), 1117-1131.
  • DePrince, A. P., Chu, A. T., Labus, J., Shirk, S. R., & Potter, C. (2015). Testing two approaches to revictimization prevention among adolescent girls in the child welfare system. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(2), S33-S39.
  • Feinauer, L. L., & Stuart D. A. (1996). Blame and resilience in women sexually abused as children. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 24, 31-40.
  • Finkelhor, D., & Brown, A. (1985). The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A conceptualization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55(4), 530-541.
  • Fontes, L. A., & Plummer, C. (2010). Cultural issues in disclosures of child sexual abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 19(5), 491-518.
  • Gidycz, C. A., Lynn, S. J., Rich, C. L., Marioni, N. L., Loh, C., Blackwell, L. M., ... & Pashdag, J. (2001). The evaluation of a sexual assault risk reduction program: A multisite investigation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69(6), 1073-1078.
  • Gölge, Z. B., Hamzaoglu, N., & Türk, B. (2012). Sağlık çalışanlarının çocuk istismarı ve ihmali konusundaki farkındalık düzeylerinin ölçülmesi. Adli Tıp Dergisi, 26(2), 86-96.
  • Grauerholz, L. (2000). An ecological approach to understanding sexual revictimization: Linking personal, interpersonal, and sociocultural factors and processes. Child Maltreatment, 5(1), 5-17.
  • Hannan, S. M., Orcutt, H. K., Miron, L. R., & Thompson, K. L. (2017). Childhood sexual abuse and later alcohol-related problems: Investigating the roles of revictimization, PTSD, and drinking motivations among college women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(14), 2118-2138.
  • Hébert, M., Moreau, C., Blais, M., Lavoie, F., & Guerrier, M. (2017). Child sexual abuse as a risk factor for teen dating violence: Findings from a representative sample of Quebec youth. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 10(1), 51-61.
  • Hulsmann, J. E. (2005). Rates of female revictimization: A longitudinal prospective study. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. Cincinnati Üniversitesi, Cincinnati, Birleşik Devletler.
  • Koçtürk, N. (2016). Tekrarlanan cinsel istismara maruz kalan ergenlerin bireysel ve ailesel risk faktörleri. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara. Koçtürk, N. (2017). İstismar bildirimi sonrası aileye psikolojik müdahale. E. Şenol Durak & M. Durak (Ed.), Adli psikolojide psikolojik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon içinde (s. 319-340). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Koçtürk, N. (2018). Çocuk ihmalini ve istismarını önlemede okul çalışanlarının sorumlulukları. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 38-47.
  • Koçtürk, N., Ulaş, Ö., & Bilginer, Ç. (2018). Career development and educational status of the sexual abuse victims: The first data from Turkey. School Mental Health, 11(1), 179-190.
  • Koçtürk, N., & Yılmaz, D. (2018). Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali için risk altındaki çocukları belirlemeye ve müdahale etmeye yönelik model/veri tabanı önerisi. Kastamonu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(6), 1919-1927.
  • Koçtürk, N., & Yüksel, F. (2018). A modern danger for adolescents: From online flirtation to sexual abuse. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 31(3), 294-300.
  • Kodellas, S., Fisher, B. S., & Wilcox, P. (2015). Situational and dispositional determinants of workplace victimization: The effects of routine activities, negative affectivity, and low self-control. International Review of Victimology, 21(3), 321-342. Kogan, S. M. (2005). The role of disclosing child sexual abuse on adolescent adjustment and revictimization. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 14(2), 25-47.
  • Koss, M. P., & Dinero, T. E. (1989). Discriminant analysis of risk factors for sexual victimization among a national sample of college women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57(2), 242-250.
  • Krahé, B., & Berger, A. (2017). Gendered pathways from child sexual abuse to sexual aggression victimization and perpetration in adolescence and young adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 63, 261-272.
  • Krahé, B., Scheinberger-Olwig, R., Waizenḧofer, E., & Kolpin, S. (1999). Childhood sexual abuse and revictimization in adolescence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 23(4), 383-394.
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There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nilüfer Koçtürk 0000-0001-6124-1842

Publication Date June 30, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Koçtürk, N. (2019). Tekrarlanan Cinsel İstismar Mağduriyeti ve Okul Ortamında Yapılması Gerekenler. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 965-990. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.530754

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