Prophethood and Prophets in Judaism

Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 676 - 695, 17.11.2014

Eldar Hasanov

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.79806

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The institution of prophethood carries the function of the relationship between God and humankind. It is one of the essential institutions in Judaism. According to Judaism, it is not enough to get inspiration from the divine, but, in addition, there is must be divinely order to spread the message. In Judaism Prophet Moses keeps the most privileged place among the Jewish prophets, who preceded and succeeded him. Among the prophets who came before Moses, Torah uses the expression of navi only for Abraham. The prophethood of the other prophets from this period was mentioned in rabbinic sources. Besides, Jewish sources mention that there were prophets from non-Jews in pre-Mosaic period. The sections of Neviim and Ketubim from the Tanah contain the writings of the prophets. Those all were after Moses and followed him in the message. Judaism accepts the woman as prophet; there were seven female prophets. Malachi is the last prophet in Judaism.

Keywords

Judaism, Prophethood, Patriarchs, Moses, Prophets

Yahudilikte Peygamberlik ve Peygamberler

Abstract

Peygamberlik müessesesi Tanrıyla insanlar arasındaki irtibatı gerçekleştirme fonksiyonu taşımaktadır. Yahudi geleneğinde de nübüvvet temel müesseselerdendir. Yahudiliğe göre peygamber olmak için ilahi katmanlarla irtibatta olmak yeterli olmayıp Tanrı tarafından tebliğ vazifesiyle görevlendirilmiş olması gerekmektedir. Yahudi peygamberlik müessesesinde Hz. Musa’nın müstesna yeri olmakla birlikte önce ve sonra da peygamberlerin olduğu kabul edilir. Tevrat, Hz. Musa’dan önceki peygamberlerden sadece Hz. İbrahim hakkında nebi ifadesini kullanmıştır. Bu döneme ait diğer peygamberlerin nübüvvetleri ise rabbinik kaynaklarla sabittir. Ayrıca, Hz. Musa’dan önce diğer uluslardan da peygamber geldiği Yahudi kaynaklarında geçmektedir. Tanah’ın Neviim ve Ketuvim bölümleri peygamberlerin yazılarını ihtiva etmektedir. Burada bahsedilenlerin tamamı Hz. Musa’dan sonra yaşamı ve onun getirdiği şeriatın tebliğcisi olmuşlardır. Yahudilikte kadınların da peygamber olabileceği kabul edilir; yedi kadın peygamber vardır. En son peygamber Malaki’dir.

Keywords

Yahudilik, nübüvvet, Atalar, Hz. Musa, peygamberler

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