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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2619-9890</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Istanbul University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26650/sdsl2019-0018</article-id>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Negative transfer in the use of the definite article by Chinese L2-learners of German: an error analysis</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Negativer Transfer beim Gebrauch des Definitartikels von chinesischen Lernenden des Deutschen als L2: Fehleranalyse</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5349-3214</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ferraresi</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gisella</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20191225">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>25</month>
                    <year>2019</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>42</issue>
                                        <fpage>19</fpage>
                                        <lpage>38</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20191110">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>10</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20191213">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1954, Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1954</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>In this essay, an error analysis of the use of the definitive article in Chinese learners of German as L2 is undertaken to investigate how L1 Chinese as an article-less language affects the acquisition of German in terms of definiteness. According to Hawkins &amp;amp; Filipović (2012), various factors have a negative or positive effect on L2 learning, including the typological differences and similarities between L1 and L2. Chinese is typologically different from German, where definiteness is morphosyntactically realized by the definite article, whereas in Chinese the definite interpretation of the noun phrases is brought about by strategies such as word order. Consequently, the learning of an article system poses great difficulties for speakers of an article-less language, which are further complicated by the fact that not only semantic factors but also pragmatic ones play a role in the interpretation of a noun, as the different usage contexts of the definite article by Himmelmann (1997) show. In the empirical study, freely written texts by Chinese learners of German are examined for noun phrases. The texts were the motivational letters of 80 Chinese applicants for the master’s program in German Studies: Linguistics at the Otto-FriedrichUniversity of Bamberg in the period from the winter term 2014/15 to the summer term 2018. The noun phrases were first analyzed qualitatively according to the semantic-pragmatic categories of Himmelmann (1997) and then quantitatively with regard to their target-language realization. The analysis of the data shows that advanced Chinese learners tend to realize nouns as bare in case they have been mentioned before, and their interpretation can be contextually reconstructed. The same applies to the topic position.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>In diesem Aufsatz wird eine Fehleranalyse zum Gebrauch des Definitartikels bei chinesischen Lernenden des Deutschen als L2 vorgenommen, um der Frage nachzugehen, wie die L1 Chinesisch als artikellose Sprache das Lernen des Definitartikels negativ beeinflusst. Nach Hawkins &amp;amp; Filipović (2012) wirken sich verschiedene Faktoren negativ oder positiv auf das Lernen im L2-Erwerb aus, darunter auch die typologischen Unterschiede zwischen der L1 und der L2. Das Chinesische unterscheidet sich typologisch vom Deutschen u.a. auch dadurch, dass Definitheit im Deutschen morphosyntaktisch durch den Definitartikel realisiert wird, im Chinesischen hingegen die definite Interpretation der Nominalphrasen durch Strategien wie z. B. die Wortstellung bewirkt wird. Demzufolge stellt das Lernen eines Artikelsystems Sprecher einer artikellosen Sprache vor große Schwierigkeiten, die dadurch verschärft werden, dass bei der Interpretation eines Nomens als definit nicht nur semantische, sondern auch pragmatische Faktoren eine Rolle spielen, wie die verschiedene Gebrauchskontexte des Definitartikels von Himmelmann (1997) zeigen. In der empirischen Studie wurden von chinesischen Lernenden des Deutschen frei geschriebene Texte für Nominalphrasen untersucht. Die Texte waren Motivationsschreiben von 80 chinesischen Bewerberinnen für den Masterstudiengang Germanistik: Sprachwissenschaft an der Otto-FriedrichUniversität Bamberg in der Zeit vom Wintersemester 2014/15 bis zum Sommersemester 2018. Die erhobenen Nominalphrasen wurden zuerst qualitativ nach den semantisch-pragmatischen Kategorien von Himmelmann (1997) klassifiziert und dann in Hinblick auf die zielsprachliche Realisierung quantitativ analysiert. Die Analyse der Daten zeigt, dass fortgeschrittene chinesische Lernende Nomen tendenziell als nackt realisieren, wenn diese zunächst schon erwähnt worden sind und deren Interpretation kontextuell rekonstruierbar ist. Ähnliches gilt für die Topikposition.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                                                    <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>L2-Erwerb</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Fehleranalyse</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Definitartikel</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  artikellose Sprachen</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>L2 acquisition</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  error analysis</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  definite article</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  article-less languages</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  pragmatic factors</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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