The Role of Treatment Courts in the Fight Against Drug Addiction and its Applicability in Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 216 - 246, 31.12.2024

İsmail Şahin

https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2024-1469710

Abstract

Drug and stimulant addiction is a disease that negatively affects a person’s physical and mental health, family, economic situation and social status. Despite the regulations regarding criminal law, the number of drug addict has remained high for a long time. Due to this situation, which causes capacity problems and financial burdens for criminal justice systems, drug treatment courts have been established in the USA. These courts, which are an example of problem-solving courts from the application areas of the therapeutic law approach, aim to provide treatment for addicts through judicial intervention. The model achieves success through the application and acceptance process, treatment, supervision, reward and temporary punishment system, opportunities such as education and employment, and interdisciplinary cooperation. Many countries have adopted this model, which is financially advantageous and prevents recidivism. Statistical data show that drug addiction has also become a serious problem in our country. Article 191 of the Turkish Penal Code, which regulates the use of drug and stimulant substances as a crime, has undergone many changes. Although our current legislation contains some therapeutic provisions, there is a need for regulation and organization to ensure the effectiveness of the fight against addiction.

Keywords

Drug Treatment Court, Therapeutic Law, Problem Solving Court, Drug Addiction, Drug Use Crime

Uyuşturucu Bağımlılığıyla Mücadelede Tedavi Mahkemelerinin Rolü ve Türkiye’de Uygulanabilirliği

Abstract

Uyuşturucu ve uyarıcı madde bağımlılığı, kişinin bedeni ve akli sağlığını, ailevi, ekonomik ve sosyal durumunu olumsuz yönde etkileyen bir hastalıktır. Ceza hukukuna dair düzenlemelere rağmen uyuşturucu bağımlısı sayısının uzunca bir süredir yüksek seyrettiği gözlemlenmektedir. Ceza adaleti sistemleri açısından kapasite sorunu ve mali yüke neden olan bu durum nedeniyle ABD’de uyuşturucu tedavi mahkemeleri kurulmuştur. Terapötik hukuk yaklaşımının uygulama alanlarından sorun çözen mahkemelerin bir örneği olan bu mahkemelerde, uyuşturucu bağımlılığı cezai sonuçları olan bir sağlık sorunu olarak görülmekte ve adli müdahaleyle bağımlıların tedavilerinin sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Başvuru ve kabul süreci, tedavi, denetim, ödül ve geçici ceza sistemi, katılımcılara sunulan eğitim ve istihdam gibi olanaklar ve disiplinler arası iş birliği, bu modelin başarısına dair temel ölçütlerdir. Suç tekrarının önlenmesinde başarılı bulunan ve mali yönden avantajlı olan bu model, pek çok ülke tarafından emsal alınmıştır. İstatistiki veriler uyuşturucu bağımlılığının, ülkemiz açısından da ciddi bir sorun haline geldiğini göstermektedir. Uyuşturucu ve uyarıcı madde kullanımının suç olarak düzenlendiği 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 191. maddesi, bugüne kadar çok sayıda değişikliğe uğramıştır. Mer’i mevzuatımız bağımlılıkla mücadele açısından tedavi edici bazı hükümler içerse de, bağımlılıkla mücadelenin etkinliği için kapsamlı düzenleme ve organizasyon ihtiyacı bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

Uyuşturucu tedavi mahkemesi, Terapötik hukuk, Sorun çözen mahkeme, Uyuşturucu bağımlılığı, Uyuşturucu kullanma suçu

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