The opening of the Higher Institute of Agriculture (Ankara Yüksek ZiraatEnstitüsü) in 1933 in Ankara, and that of Istanbul University the same yearfollowing the Atatürk’s University Reformation were two major events havingsignificant impact on Turkish education and science. The aim in establishingboth institutions was to introduce the scientific methods of the new century intoTurkey. European scholars were recruited to both institutions for this purpose.Though most of the appointed academicians were from Germany. Almost all ofthe scientists arriving at the Istanbul University were those discharged fromtheir posts in German universities. On the other hand, scholars nominated by theReich held professorships in the Higher Institute of Agriculture in Ankara.Thus, while scholars worked as emigrants in Istanbul. Others worked asrepresentatives of German universities in Ankara from 1933 until early 1940s.There were, however, four émigré scientists in the Higher Institute ofAgriculture at Ankara: The geologists Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi and MaxPfannenstiel, the chemist Otto Gerngross, and the botanist Hans Bremer. Allfour contributed to the Turkish agriculture and geology as researchers,professors or/and advisers in Higher Institute of Agriculture and other Turkishgovernmental institutions.
The opening of the Higher Institute of Agriculture (Ankara Yüksek ZiraatEnstitüsü) in 1933 in Ankara, and that of Istanbul University the same yearfollowing the Atatürk’s University Reformation were two major events havingsignificant impact on Turkish education and science. The aim in establishingboth institutions was to introduce the scientific methods of the new century intoTurkey. European scholars were recruited to both institutions for this purpose.Though most of the appointed academicians were from Germany. Almost all ofthe scientists arriving at the Istanbul University were those discharged fromtheir posts in German universities. On the other hand, scholars nominated by theReich held professorships in the Higher Institute of Agriculture in Ankara.Thus, while scholars worked as emigrants in Istanbul. Others worked asrepresentatives of German universities in Ankara from 1933 until early 1940s.There were, however, four émigré scientists in the Higher Institute ofAgriculture at Ankara: The geologists Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi and MaxPfannenstiel, the chemist Otto Gerngross, and the botanist Hans Bremer. Allfour contributed to the Turkish agriculture and geology as researchers,professors or/and advisers in Higher Institute of Agriculture and other Turkishgovernmental institutions.