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1923-1950 YILLARI ARASINDA TÜRKİYE’DE KENT VE KENTLEŞME OLGUSU

Year 2016, Issue: 53, 257 - 274, 04.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.18368/IU/sk.09525

Abstract

Bu makalede 1923 yılından itibaren Türkiye’de kent, kentleşme ve imar yasaları ile bu alandaki uygulamalar ele alınmaktadır. Türkiye’de 1950’li yıllara kadar Ankara haricinde yoğun bir kentleşme hareketine rastlanmamaktadır. Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin başkenti olarak ilan edilen Ankara bu tarihten itibaren hızla büyümeye ve göç almaya başlamıştır. Bu bakımdan şehre ilişkin kanunlar ve planlamalar, imar faaliyetleri ile bu alanlardaki diğer uygulamalar ilkin Ankara çerçevesinde hayata geçirilmiş ve ülkenin diğer kentleri için de model teşkil etmiştir.

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından tarımda makineleşme, karayollarının yaygınlaşması, çok partili hayata geçiş ve diğer etkenlerin neticesinde ortaya çıkan kırlardan kentlere doğru göç hareketinin doğurduğu gecekondu olgusu bu tarihlerden daha önce Ankara’da gerçekleşmiştir.  Ankara’ya çalışmak üzere gelenler öncelikle iş merkezi ve yerleşik bölgelere yakın yerlerde iskâna açılmamış mahallerde “baraka” adı verilen, 1924 tarihindeki bir yasada da adı geçen ve gecekonduların da öncüleri sayılabilecek olan derme çatma konutlar inşa etmişlerdir. Gecekondular 1950’li yıllardan önce de Ankara başta olmak üzere Türkiye’nin bir kaç büyük şehrinde yaygınlık kazanmıştır.

CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY

Year 2016, Issue: 53, 257 - 274, 04.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.18368/IU/sk.09525

Abstract








In this article, the laws since 1923 regarding urban, urbanization, zoning and applications
on these areas are elaborated. Up until 1950’s, there was not a significant urbanization
movement in Turkey except the city of Ankara. Ankara, which was declared as the new
capital city, began to develop rapidly and started to receive migration after the date of
being the capital. Laws and plannings regarding the cities as well as construction activities
and other applications in urban planning firstly started in the Ankara district and these
applications have been a model for other cities.


Just after the end of World War II, the squatter housing phenomena intitially started in
Ankara before the squatter housing trend in Turkey which is occured as a result of the
internal migration from rural to urban that is stimulated by the mechanization in agriculture,
expansion of the highway network, the transition to multiparty regime and other factors.
The ones who came to Ankara to work initially built buildings called “baraka” (shanty) in
the neighborhoods which are mentioned in a law dated 1924, they were close to business
centers and settled areas, and they were located in the areas without building permission,
these jerry-built houses can be considered as the pioneers of squatter houses. Squatter
houses became prevalent in Ankara and in other big cities of Turkey before 1950’s.





  




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Details

Journal Section SOCIAL STRUCTURE, SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SOCIOLOGY IN TURKEY
Authors

Serdar Sağlam This is me

Publication Date July 4, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Issue: 53

Cite

APA Sağlam, S. (2016). CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies(53), 257-274. https://doi.org/10.18368/IU/sk.09525
AMA Sağlam S. CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies. July 2016;(53):257-274. doi:10.18368/IU/sk.09525
Chicago Sağlam, Serdar. “CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY”. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, no. 53 (July 2016): 257-74. https://doi.org/10.18368/IU/sk.09525.
EndNote Sağlam S (July 1, 2016) CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies 53 257–274.
IEEE S. Sağlam, “CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY”, Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, no. 53, pp. 257–274, July 2016, doi: 10.18368/IU/sk.09525.
ISNAD Sağlam, Serdar. “CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY”. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies 53 (July 2016), 257-274. https://doi.org/10.18368/IU/sk.09525.
JAMA Sağlam S. CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies. 2016;:257–274.
MLA Sağlam, Serdar. “CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY”. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, no. 53, 2016, pp. 257-74, doi:10.18368/IU/sk.09525.
Vancouver Sağlam S. CITY AND URBANIZATION FACT BETWEEN 1923-1950 YEARS IN TURKEY. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies. 2016(53):257-74.

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