Asma Tomurcuklarında Dormansi Sürecinde Genetik Regülasyon ve Hormonal Etkileşim

Year 2023, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 61 - 70, 31.12.2023

Dilek Karataş

Abstract

Çok yıllık bitkilerde tomurcuk dormansisi; dışsal (ışık, sıcaklık) ve içsel (hormonlar, enzimler, karbonhidratlar vb.) faktörler nedeniyle hücre bölünmesi, tomurcuk büyümesinin durması veya yavaşlaması, metabolik aktivitelerinin azalması ile bitkinin olumsuz koşullar altında uzun süre hayatta kalmasını sağlayan fizyolojik bir aşamadır. Dormansi, uygun çiçeklenme ve meyve tutumu için bir ön koşuldur. ABA bir stres hormonu olup dormansi mekanizmasını kontrol eden belirleyici hormon görevini alır. Tomurcuk dormansisi, başlıca genetik, fizyolojik ve ekolojik faktörler tarafından etkilenen soğuk uyum sürecidir. Tomurcuk dormansisinin fizyolojisi karmaşık olmasına rağmen, son zamanlarda metabolik, fizyolojik, genetik, omik ve biyoinformatik yöntemleri kullanılarak bu alanda birçok ilerleme sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, asmalarda dormansi sürecinde hormonal değişimler ve gen düzeyinde regülasyonu konusunda son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar derlenmiştir.

Keywords

Vitis Vinifera, kış gözü, dormansi, gen ekspresyonu

Genetic Regulation and Hormonal Interaction in the Dormancy Process in Vine Buds

Abstract

Bud dormancy in perennial plants, physiological phase that enables long-term survival under adverse conditions and is accompanied by a decrease in growth, cell division, and metabolic activities. Dormancy is necessary for flowering and fruit set process. ABA is a stress hormone and it regulates dormancy process. Bud dormancy is a cold adaptation process influenced by general genetic, phsiological and ecological factors. Although the physiology of bud dormancy is complex, many advances have been made in this field recently with metabolic, apparent, genetic, omics and bioinformatics methods In this study, researches conducted in recent years on hormonal changes and gene-level regulation during the dormancy process in grapevines were evaluated.

Keywords

Vitis Vinifera, Grape bud, dormancy, gene expression

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