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Iğdır’da Yetişen Biberiye (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) Bitkisinden Elde Edilen Uçucu Yağın Kimyasal Kompozisyonu ve Kozmetik Alanındaki Kullanımı

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 53 - 64, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.46876/ja.1652589

Abstract

Biberiye yağı, biberiye bitkisinin (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) yapraklarından elde edilen, güçlü antiseptik ve antioksidan özelliklere sahip aromatik bir yağdır. Biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) yağı, kozmetik endüstrisinde giderek daha popüler hale geliyor. Bu güçlü uçucu yağın saç ve cilt sağlığı üzerindeki çok yönlü etkileri, onu aranan bir bileşen haline getiriyor. Saç şampuanları ve cilt kremleri, biberiye yağının çeşitli faydalarından yararlanmak için sıklıkla bu bileşeni içeriyor. Yaptığımız çalışma Iğdır Üniversitesi Araştırma Laboratuvarı Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi(ALUM)’in de elde edilen uçucu biberiye yağı ve ekstraktı katma değer kozmetik ürünlere dönüştürüldü. Yapılan çalışmanın HPLC DAD sonuçları rosmarinik asit, kafeik asit, salisilik asit, resveratrol, kersetin, naringenin, krisin, flavonlar, o-kumarik asit ve vanilin gibi fenolik içeriği farklı değerlerde görüldü.Ayrıca yağ bileşenlerine de GC-MS cihazında bakıldı. Sonuç olarak1,8-sineol, nonanal, ç-terpinen, borneol, 1-borneol, linalil asetat, anetol, trans-anetol, benzen, 1-metoksi-4-(1-propenil) ve (-)-karyofillen oksit gibi bileşenler belirlendi.

Project Number

YİP0723İ08

References

  • Altinier, G., Sosa, S., Aquino, R. P., Mencherini, T., Loggia, R. D., &Tubaro, A. (2007). Characterization of topicalantiinflammatorycompounds in Rosmarinusofficinalis L. Journal of agriculturalandfoodchemistry, 55(5), 1718-1723.
  • Ande, S. N.,&Bakal, R. L. (2022). Potentialherbalessentialoils: Aretheysupernatural skin protector. Innov. Pharm. Pharm, 10, 19-24.
  • Andro, A. R., Boz, I., Zamfirache, M. M., &Burzo, I. (2013). Chemicalcomposition of essentialoilsfromMenthaaquatica L. at differentmoments of theontogeneticcycle. Journal of MedicinalPlantsResearch, 7(9), 470-473.
  • Arranz, E.,Jaime, L., García-Risco, M. R., Fornari, T., Reglero, G., &Santoyo, S. (2015). Anti-inflammatoryactivity of rosemaryextractsobtainedbysupercriticalcarbondioxideenriched in carnosicacidandcarnosol. International journal of FoodscienceandTechnology, 50(3), 674-681.
  • Begum, A.,Sandhya, S., Vinod, K. R., Reddy, S., &Banji, D. (2013). An in-depthreview on themedicinal flora Rosmarinusofficinalis (Lamiaceae). ActascientiarumpolonorumTechnologiaalimentaria, 12(1), 61-74.
  • Brindisi, M.,Bouzidi, C., Frattaruolo, L., Loizzo, M. R., Tundis, R., Dugay, A., ... &Cappello, M. S. (2020). Chemicalprofile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancereffects of ItalianSalviarosmarinusSpenn. methanolleavesextracts. Antioxidants, 9(9), 826.
  • Cheung, S.,&Tai, J. (2007). Anti-proliferativeandantioxidantproperties of rosemaryRosmarinusofficinalis. Oncologyreports, 17(6), 1525-1531.
  • Chifiriuc, C.,Grumezescu, V., Grumezescu, A. M., Saviuc, C., Lazăr, V., &Andronescu, E. (2012). Hybridmagnetitenanoparticles/Rosmarinusofficinalisessentialoilnanobiosystemwithantibiofilmactivity. Nanoscaleresearchletters, 7, 1-7.
  • Christopoulou, S. D.,Androutsopoulou, C., Hahalis, P., Kotsalou, C., Vantarakis, A., &Lamari, F. N. (2021). Rosemaryextractandessentialoil as drinkingredients: An evaluation of theirchemicalcomposition, genotoxicity, antimicrobial, antiviral, andantioxidantproperties. Foods, 10(12), 3143.
  • de Macedo, L. M.,Santos, É. M. D., Militão, L., Tundisi, L. L., Ataide, J. A., Souto, E. B., &Mazzola, P. G. (2020). Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.,synSalviarosmarinusSpenn.) anditstopicalapplications: A review. Plants, 9(5), 651.
  • Erkan, N.,Ayranci, G., &Ayranci, E. (2008). Antioxidantactivities of rosemary (RosmarinusOfficinalis L.) extract, blackseed (Nigellasativa L.) essentialoil, carnosicacid, rosmarinicacidandsesamol. Foodchemistry, 110(1), 76-82.
  • Genena, A. K.,Hense, H., SmâniaJunior, A., &Souza, S. M. D. (2008). Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis): a study of thecomposition, antioxidantandantimicrobialactivities of extractsobtainedwithsupercriticalcarbondioxide. FoodScienceandTechnology, 28, 463-469.
  • GhasemzadehRahbardar, M.,&Hosseinzadeh, H. (2025). Toxicityandsafety of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis): a comprehensivereview. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg'sArchives of Pharmacology, 398(1), 9-23.
  • Hassani, F. V.,Shirani, K., &Hosseinzadeh, H. (2016). Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis) as a potentialtherapeuticplant in metabolicsyndrome: a review. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg'sarchives of pharmacology, 389, 931-949. https://.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1183#section=2D-Structure
  • Javed, S.,Mangla, B., Salawi, A., Sultan, M. H., Almoshari, Y., & Ahsan, W. (2024). EssentialOils as DermocosmeticAgents, TheirMechanism of Action andNanolipidicFormulationsforMaximizedSkincare. Cosmetics, 11(6), 210.
  • Jordán, M. J.,Lax, V., Rota, M. C., Lorán, S., &Sotomayor, J. A. (2012). Relevance of carnosicacid, carnosol, androsmarinicacidconcentrations in the in vitroantioxidantandantimicrobialactivities of Rosmarinusofficinalis (L.) methanolicextracts. Journal of agriculturalandfoodchemistry, 60(38), 9603-9608.
  • Karadağ, M., Koyuncu, M., Atalar, M. N., & Aras, A. (2021). SPME/GC-MS analysis of Artemisiacampestrissubsp. glutinosa, LavandulaangustifoliaMill.,andZingiberofficinalevolatiles. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilim. Enstitüsü Derg, 14, 41-49.
  • Koçak, M. Z., Karadağ, M., &Çelikcan, F. (2021). Essentialoilcomposition of SalviaofficinalisandRosmarinusofficinalis. Journal of Agriculture, 4(1), 39-47.
  • Kreidel, M. K.,&Jhaveri, M. (2021). Introductiontoessentialoilsandessentialoilprocessing. InIntegrativeDermatology: Practical Applications in AcneandRosacea(pp. 99-122). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Kulak, M. (2019). A time-coursestudy on essentialoil of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis) underdroughtstress. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 165-189.
  • Kulak, M. (2020). Recurrentdroughtstresseffects on essentialoilprofile of Lamiaceaeplants: An approachregardingstressmemory. IndustrialCropsandProducts, 154, 112695.
  • LiPomi, F., Papa, V., Borgia, F., Vaccaro, M., Allegra, A., Cicero, N., &Gangemi, S. (2023). Rosmarinusofficinalisand skin: antioxidantactivityandpossibletherapeutical role in cutaneousdiseases. Antioxidants, 12(3), 680.
  • Linares, I. B.,Arráez-Román, D., Herrero, M., Ibáñez, E., Segura-Carretero, A., &Fernández-Gutiérrez, A. (2011). Comparison of differentextractionproceduresforthecomprehensivecharacterization of bioactivephenoliccompounds in Rosmarinusofficinalisbyreversed-phasehigh-performanceliquidchromatographywithdiodearraydetectioncoupledtoelectrospray time-of-flightmassspectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1218(42), 7682-7690.
  • Marin, M.,Koko, V., Duletić-Laušević, S., Marin, P. D., Rančić, D., &Dajic-Stevanovic, Z. (2006). Glandulartrichomes on theleaves of Rosmarinusofficinalis: Morphology, stereologyandhistochemistry. South AfricanJournal of Botany, 72(3), 378-382.
  • Mena, P.,Cirlini, M., Tassotti, M., Herrlinger, K. A., Dall’Asta, C., & Del Rio, D. (2016). Phytochemicalprofiling of flavonoids, phenolicacids, terpenoids, andvolatilefraction of a rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) extract. Molecules, 21(11), 1576.
  • Moore, J.,Yousef, M., &Tsiani, E. (2016). Anticancereffects of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) extractandrosemaryextractpolyphenols. Nutrients, 8(11), 731.
  • Nieto, G.,Ros, G., &Castillo, J. (2018). Antioxidantandantimicrobialproperties of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis, L.): A review. Medicines, 5(3), 98.
  • Oliveira, A. S.,Ribeiro-Santos, R., Ramos, F., Castilho, M. C., &Sanches-Silva, A. (2018). UHPLC-DAD multi-methodfordetermination of phenolics in aromaticplants. Foodanalyticalmethods, 11(2), 440-450.
  • Patel, I. M. (2024). Development andCharacterization of HairLeave in FormulationtoDeliverBenefit of OilandLongLastingConditioning (Doctoraldissertation, Institute of Pharmacy, NirmaUniversity, A'bad).
  • Posadas, S. J., Caz, V., Largo, C., De la Gándara, B., Matallanas, B., Reglero, G., & De Miguel, E. (2009). Protectiveeffect of supercriticalfluidrosemaryextract, Rosmarinusofficinalis, on antioxidants of majororgans of agedrats. Experimentalgerontology, 44(6-7), 383-389.
  • Ramadan, K. S.,Khalil, O. A., Danial, E. N., Alnahdi, H. S., & Ayaz, N. O. (2013). Hypoglycemicandhepatoprotectiveactivity of Rosmarinusofficinalisextract in diabeticrats. Journal of physiologyandbiochemistry, 69, 779-783.
  • Rašković, A.,Milanović, I., Pavlović, N., Ćebović, T., Vukmirović, S., &Mikov, M. (2014). Antioxidantactivity of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) essentialoilanditshepatoprotectivepotential. BMC complementaryandalternativemedicine, 14, 1-9.
  • Rinnerthaler, M.,Bischof, J., Streubel, M. K., Trost, A., & Richter, K. (2015). Oxidativestress in aginghuman skin. Biomolecules, 5(2), 545-589.
  • Seyedemadi, P.,Rahnema, M., Bigdeli, M. R., Oryan, S., &Rafati, H. (2016). Theneuroprotectiveeffect of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) hydro-alcoholicextract on cerebralischemictolerance in experimentalstroke. Iranianjournal of pharmaceuticalresearch: IJPR, 15(4), 875.
  • Sik, B.,Hanczné, E. L., Kapcsándi, V., &Ajtony, Z. (2020). Conventionalandnonconventionalextractiontechniquesforoptimalextractionprocesses of rosmarinicacidfromsixLamiaceaeplants as determinedby HPLC-DAD measurement. Journal of PharmaceuticalandBiomedical Analysis, 184, 113173.
  • Turek, C.,&Stintzing, F. C. (2013). Stability of essentialoils: a review. Comprehensivereviews in foodscienceandfoodsafety, 12(1), 40-53.
  • Yin, H.,Xu, L., &Porter, N. A. (2011). Freeradicallipidperoxidation: mechanismsandanalysis. Chemicalreviews, 111(10), 5944-5972.

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil Obtained from Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) Plant Grown in Igdir and its Use in Cosmetics

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 53 - 64, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.46876/ja.1652589

Abstract

Rosemary oil is an aromatic oil extracted from the leaves of the rosemary plant with strong antiseptic and antioxidant properties. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) oil is becoming increasingly popular in the cosmetic industry. The versatile effects of this powerful essential oil on hair and skin health make it a sought-after ingredient. Hair shampoos and skin creams often include this ingredient to utilise the various benefits of rosemary oil.
In our study, volatilerosemary oil extract obtained at Igdir University Research Laboratory Application and Research Centre (ALUM) was transformed into value-added cosmetic products. HPLC DAD results showed thatrosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid, resveratrol, quercetin, naringenin, chrysin, flavones, o-coumaric acid and vanillin were obtained at different values. Oil components were also analysed by GC-MS. In general, 1,8-cineole, nonanal, c-terpinene, borneol, 1-borneol, linalylacetate, anethole, trans-anethole, benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) and (-)-caryophylleneoxide were found.

Project Number

YİP0723İ08

References

  • Altinier, G., Sosa, S., Aquino, R. P., Mencherini, T., Loggia, R. D., &Tubaro, A. (2007). Characterization of topicalantiinflammatorycompounds in Rosmarinusofficinalis L. Journal of agriculturalandfoodchemistry, 55(5), 1718-1723.
  • Ande, S. N.,&Bakal, R. L. (2022). Potentialherbalessentialoils: Aretheysupernatural skin protector. Innov. Pharm. Pharm, 10, 19-24.
  • Andro, A. R., Boz, I., Zamfirache, M. M., &Burzo, I. (2013). Chemicalcomposition of essentialoilsfromMenthaaquatica L. at differentmoments of theontogeneticcycle. Journal of MedicinalPlantsResearch, 7(9), 470-473.
  • Arranz, E.,Jaime, L., García-Risco, M. R., Fornari, T., Reglero, G., &Santoyo, S. (2015). Anti-inflammatoryactivity of rosemaryextractsobtainedbysupercriticalcarbondioxideenriched in carnosicacidandcarnosol. International journal of FoodscienceandTechnology, 50(3), 674-681.
  • Begum, A.,Sandhya, S., Vinod, K. R., Reddy, S., &Banji, D. (2013). An in-depthreview on themedicinal flora Rosmarinusofficinalis (Lamiaceae). ActascientiarumpolonorumTechnologiaalimentaria, 12(1), 61-74.
  • Brindisi, M.,Bouzidi, C., Frattaruolo, L., Loizzo, M. R., Tundis, R., Dugay, A., ... &Cappello, M. S. (2020). Chemicalprofile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancereffects of ItalianSalviarosmarinusSpenn. methanolleavesextracts. Antioxidants, 9(9), 826.
  • Cheung, S.,&Tai, J. (2007). Anti-proliferativeandantioxidantproperties of rosemaryRosmarinusofficinalis. Oncologyreports, 17(6), 1525-1531.
  • Chifiriuc, C.,Grumezescu, V., Grumezescu, A. M., Saviuc, C., Lazăr, V., &Andronescu, E. (2012). Hybridmagnetitenanoparticles/Rosmarinusofficinalisessentialoilnanobiosystemwithantibiofilmactivity. Nanoscaleresearchletters, 7, 1-7.
  • Christopoulou, S. D.,Androutsopoulou, C., Hahalis, P., Kotsalou, C., Vantarakis, A., &Lamari, F. N. (2021). Rosemaryextractandessentialoil as drinkingredients: An evaluation of theirchemicalcomposition, genotoxicity, antimicrobial, antiviral, andantioxidantproperties. Foods, 10(12), 3143.
  • de Macedo, L. M.,Santos, É. M. D., Militão, L., Tundisi, L. L., Ataide, J. A., Souto, E. B., &Mazzola, P. G. (2020). Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.,synSalviarosmarinusSpenn.) anditstopicalapplications: A review. Plants, 9(5), 651.
  • Erkan, N.,Ayranci, G., &Ayranci, E. (2008). Antioxidantactivities of rosemary (RosmarinusOfficinalis L.) extract, blackseed (Nigellasativa L.) essentialoil, carnosicacid, rosmarinicacidandsesamol. Foodchemistry, 110(1), 76-82.
  • Genena, A. K.,Hense, H., SmâniaJunior, A., &Souza, S. M. D. (2008). Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis): a study of thecomposition, antioxidantandantimicrobialactivities of extractsobtainedwithsupercriticalcarbondioxide. FoodScienceandTechnology, 28, 463-469.
  • GhasemzadehRahbardar, M.,&Hosseinzadeh, H. (2025). Toxicityandsafety of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis): a comprehensivereview. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg'sArchives of Pharmacology, 398(1), 9-23.
  • Hassani, F. V.,Shirani, K., &Hosseinzadeh, H. (2016). Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis) as a potentialtherapeuticplant in metabolicsyndrome: a review. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg'sarchives of pharmacology, 389, 931-949. https://.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1183#section=2D-Structure
  • Javed, S.,Mangla, B., Salawi, A., Sultan, M. H., Almoshari, Y., & Ahsan, W. (2024). EssentialOils as DermocosmeticAgents, TheirMechanism of Action andNanolipidicFormulationsforMaximizedSkincare. Cosmetics, 11(6), 210.
  • Jordán, M. J.,Lax, V., Rota, M. C., Lorán, S., &Sotomayor, J. A. (2012). Relevance of carnosicacid, carnosol, androsmarinicacidconcentrations in the in vitroantioxidantandantimicrobialactivities of Rosmarinusofficinalis (L.) methanolicextracts. Journal of agriculturalandfoodchemistry, 60(38), 9603-9608.
  • Karadağ, M., Koyuncu, M., Atalar, M. N., & Aras, A. (2021). SPME/GC-MS analysis of Artemisiacampestrissubsp. glutinosa, LavandulaangustifoliaMill.,andZingiberofficinalevolatiles. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilim. Enstitüsü Derg, 14, 41-49.
  • Koçak, M. Z., Karadağ, M., &Çelikcan, F. (2021). Essentialoilcomposition of SalviaofficinalisandRosmarinusofficinalis. Journal of Agriculture, 4(1), 39-47.
  • Kreidel, M. K.,&Jhaveri, M. (2021). Introductiontoessentialoilsandessentialoilprocessing. InIntegrativeDermatology: Practical Applications in AcneandRosacea(pp. 99-122). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Kulak, M. (2019). A time-coursestudy on essentialoil of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis) underdroughtstress. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 165-189.
  • Kulak, M. (2020). Recurrentdroughtstresseffects on essentialoilprofile of Lamiaceaeplants: An approachregardingstressmemory. IndustrialCropsandProducts, 154, 112695.
  • LiPomi, F., Papa, V., Borgia, F., Vaccaro, M., Allegra, A., Cicero, N., &Gangemi, S. (2023). Rosmarinusofficinalisand skin: antioxidantactivityandpossibletherapeutical role in cutaneousdiseases. Antioxidants, 12(3), 680.
  • Linares, I. B.,Arráez-Román, D., Herrero, M., Ibáñez, E., Segura-Carretero, A., &Fernández-Gutiérrez, A. (2011). Comparison of differentextractionproceduresforthecomprehensivecharacterization of bioactivephenoliccompounds in Rosmarinusofficinalisbyreversed-phasehigh-performanceliquidchromatographywithdiodearraydetectioncoupledtoelectrospray time-of-flightmassspectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1218(42), 7682-7690.
  • Marin, M.,Koko, V., Duletić-Laušević, S., Marin, P. D., Rančić, D., &Dajic-Stevanovic, Z. (2006). Glandulartrichomes on theleaves of Rosmarinusofficinalis: Morphology, stereologyandhistochemistry. South AfricanJournal of Botany, 72(3), 378-382.
  • Mena, P.,Cirlini, M., Tassotti, M., Herrlinger, K. A., Dall’Asta, C., & Del Rio, D. (2016). Phytochemicalprofiling of flavonoids, phenolicacids, terpenoids, andvolatilefraction of a rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) extract. Molecules, 21(11), 1576.
  • Moore, J.,Yousef, M., &Tsiani, E. (2016). Anticancereffects of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) extractandrosemaryextractpolyphenols. Nutrients, 8(11), 731.
  • Nieto, G.,Ros, G., &Castillo, J. (2018). Antioxidantandantimicrobialproperties of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis, L.): A review. Medicines, 5(3), 98.
  • Oliveira, A. S.,Ribeiro-Santos, R., Ramos, F., Castilho, M. C., &Sanches-Silva, A. (2018). UHPLC-DAD multi-methodfordetermination of phenolics in aromaticplants. Foodanalyticalmethods, 11(2), 440-450.
  • Patel, I. M. (2024). Development andCharacterization of HairLeave in FormulationtoDeliverBenefit of OilandLongLastingConditioning (Doctoraldissertation, Institute of Pharmacy, NirmaUniversity, A'bad).
  • Posadas, S. J., Caz, V., Largo, C., De la Gándara, B., Matallanas, B., Reglero, G., & De Miguel, E. (2009). Protectiveeffect of supercriticalfluidrosemaryextract, Rosmarinusofficinalis, on antioxidants of majororgans of agedrats. Experimentalgerontology, 44(6-7), 383-389.
  • Ramadan, K. S.,Khalil, O. A., Danial, E. N., Alnahdi, H. S., & Ayaz, N. O. (2013). Hypoglycemicandhepatoprotectiveactivity of Rosmarinusofficinalisextract in diabeticrats. Journal of physiologyandbiochemistry, 69, 779-783.
  • Rašković, A.,Milanović, I., Pavlović, N., Ćebović, T., Vukmirović, S., &Mikov, M. (2014). Antioxidantactivity of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) essentialoilanditshepatoprotectivepotential. BMC complementaryandalternativemedicine, 14, 1-9.
  • Rinnerthaler, M.,Bischof, J., Streubel, M. K., Trost, A., & Richter, K. (2015). Oxidativestress in aginghuman skin. Biomolecules, 5(2), 545-589.
  • Seyedemadi, P.,Rahnema, M., Bigdeli, M. R., Oryan, S., &Rafati, H. (2016). Theneuroprotectiveeffect of rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) hydro-alcoholicextract on cerebralischemictolerance in experimentalstroke. Iranianjournal of pharmaceuticalresearch: IJPR, 15(4), 875.
  • Sik, B.,Hanczné, E. L., Kapcsándi, V., &Ajtony, Z. (2020). Conventionalandnonconventionalextractiontechniquesforoptimalextractionprocesses of rosmarinicacidfromsixLamiaceaeplants as determinedby HPLC-DAD measurement. Journal of PharmaceuticalandBiomedical Analysis, 184, 113173.
  • Turek, C.,&Stintzing, F. C. (2013). Stability of essentialoils: a review. Comprehensivereviews in foodscienceandfoodsafety, 12(1), 40-53.
  • Yin, H.,Xu, L., &Porter, N. A. (2011). Freeradicallipidperoxidation: mechanismsandanalysis. Chemicalreviews, 111(10), 5944-5972.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Plant Biochemistry
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Musa Karadağ 0000-0003-2498-3403

Zübeyir Güneş 0000-0002-9170-7006

Serkan Çelik 0009-0009-8950-3504

Project Number YİP0723İ08
Early Pub Date June 27, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date March 6, 2025
Acceptance Date April 4, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Karadağ, M., Güneş, Z., & Çelik, S. (2025). Iğdır’da Yetişen Biberiye (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) Bitkisinden Elde Edilen Uçucu Yağın Kimyasal Kompozisyonu ve Kozmetik Alanındaki Kullanımı. Journal of Agriculture, 8(1), 53-64. https://doi.org/10.46876/ja.1652589