Determination of awareness levels of walnut producers in plant protection applications (a case study of Bitlis province)

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 711 - 719, 30.12.2022

Mehmet Kaplan , Cihan Demir

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.4.27

Abstract

The survey was conducted in 2020 to determine the awareness level of walnut producers regarding crop protection practices in Adilcevaz and Hizan districts of Bitlis province, where walnut production is widespread. With this in mind, a face-to-face survey was conducted using a simple random sampling method among 87 producers in a total of 10 randomly selected villages from two districts. Within the scope of the research, walnut growers were found to be highly educated and most had non-agricultural income. The manufacturers in question take into account the recommendations of sellers and Agriculture and Forestry department when choosing pesticides and deciding on the usage dose rates, that the brand recognition and active ingredients are important to pesticide preferences, that they don't use the same pesticides in the fight against the same diseases and pests, They start spraying without seeing the signs of disease and harmful factors in the plant, they apply the recommended dose in drug applications, pesticides used leave residue on product. They observe the waiting time between spraying and harvesting and wear protective clothing and masks during spraying, they do not simply throw-away empty pesticide box and packages used after the application into the agricultural fields or their surroundings, they clean the sprayer, but they use the sprayer without calibration, they mix pesticides and prefer cultural methods over chemical methods, and they do not have any knowledge about the word biopesticide. It is known that producers generally choose chemical control in the solution of plant protection issues, and the indiscriminate use of these pesticides has many adverse effects on human and environmental health.

Keywords

Plant Preservation Issues, Questionnaire, Walnut, Bitlis

References

• Akbaba BZ. 2010. Evaluation of citrus cultivation and insecticide use in Adana province. Master Thesis, Çukurova University Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Plant Protection, 89 p, Adana.
• Anonymous, 2017. Walnut Integrated Control Technical Instruction, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Department of Plant Health Research , Ankara.
• Anonymous, 2020, Trade statistics for international business development (TRADE MAP)https://www.trademap.org. Accessed Date:12.02.2022)
• Anonymous, 2021. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/Erişim tarihi:24.07.2021 Artun O, Saltuk B, 2018. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation for Greenhouse Site Selection: Tigris Basin Case Study. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin Volume 27 – No.12A/2018 pages 9019-9025.
• Avan, M. (2021). Researches on Important Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Their Properties and Diseases in Turkey and in the World, International Eastern Anatolian Journal of Science, Engineering and Design , 3(1), 129-156.
• Avan, M., Kotan, R. (2021). Use of Fungi in Agriculture as Microbial Fertilizer or Biopesticide, International Eastern Anatolia Journal of Science, Engineering and Design , 3(1), 167-191.
• Ay R, Yalçın Ş, Sökeli E, Karaca İ. 2006. Investigation of stone fruit producer profile in Antalya province Korkuteli district in terms of plant protection practices. Journal of SDU Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , 10(1):52-55.
• Bayhan E, Sağır A, Uygur FN, Bayhan SÖ, Eren S, Bayram Y. 2015. Determination of plant protection problems in cotton fields of GAP Region. Turkish Entomology Bulletin, 5(3):135-146.
• Boz Ö, Erol T, Benlioğlu S, Öncüer C. 1998. Socio-economic evaluation of agricultural control practices in Aydın. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 22(2):123-136.
• Boyraz N, Kaymak S, Yiğit F. 2005. General evaluation of chemical control practices of apple producers in Eğirdir district. Journal of Selcuk University Faculty of Agriculture, 19(36): 37-51.
• Çelik Y, Direk M. 2008. Classification of agricultural enterprises producing carrots in Konya according to the European Union agricultural accounting data network system and comparison of business success criteria. TÜBİTAK TOVAG Project 107O714, 134 s, Konya.
• Çiçek A, Erkan O. 1996. Research and Sampling Methods in Agricultural Economics. Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Agriculture Publications No: 12, Lecture Notes Series No: 6, Tokat.
• Dilmen H., Pala, F., and Özer Dilmen, M., 2019 Determining the Knowledge Level of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Producers on Agricultural Control: The Case of Siirt Province, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research - Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research 7( 1): 1-8.
• Emeli M. 2006. Research on the practical problems of plant protection methods in the Seyhan and Yüreğir basins. Master's Thesis, Çukurova University Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Plant Protection, 123 s, Adana.
• Erdoğan O, Gökdoğan O. 2017. Plant protection practices of potato producers in Nevşehir province. West Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute Derim Journal, 34(1): 51-60.
• Erdoğan O, Tohumcu E, Baran, MF, Gökdoğan O. 2017. Evaluation of Agricultural Protection Practices of Almond Producers in Adıyaman Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 5(11): 1414-1421,
• Ertürk YE, Bulak Y, Uludağ A. 2012. Environmental sensitivity of agricultural enterprises in Iğdır province in agricultural control practices. Journal of History, Culture and Art Studies, 1(4): 393-401.
• Gedikli O. 2012. Evaluation of the problems faced by the producers of spruce, Bafra and Terme districts of Samsun in terms of plant protection and the factors affecting the use of pesticides. Master's Thesis, Atatürk University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Plant Protection, 92 s, Erzurum.
• Gözener B, Sayılı M, Çağlar A. 2017. The use of pesticides in tomato cultivation in Kazova Region of Tokat province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 5(5): 451-458.
• İnan H, Boyraz N. 2002. General evaluation of pesticide use of Konya farmers. Journal of Selcuk University Faculty of Agriculture, 16(30): 88-101.
• Kadıoğlu İ. 2003. Research on the agricultural control activities of the producers in the province of Tokat. Journal of Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Agriculture, 20(1): 7-15.
• Kaplan, M., Alaserhat, İ., 2020.Determination of Distribution, Population Change, Infestation and Damage situation of Olive Moth, Prays oleae (Bernard) (Lepidoptera: Praydidae) Causing Damage in Olive Orchards. Erwerbs-Obstbau (2020), 62 (3), 301–307.
• Kaplan M, Baran MF, 2021. Determining the Awareness Levels of Vine Growers in Mardin Province with Regards to Crop-Protection Practises. Erwerbs-Obstbau 63 (1), 131–140 (Octoberber-2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-021-00591-5
• Kalıpçı E, Özdemir C, Öztaş H. 2011. Investigation of farmers' level of education and knowledge about pesticide use and environmental sensitivity. TUBAV Journal of Science, 4(3):179-187.
• Kalkışım Ö, Onaran A, Azeri FN, Turan A. 2011. research on the general situation of fruit growing and farmer practices in Gümüşhane province and its districts. Gumushane University Journal of Science Institute, 1(2): 123-134.
• Karaçayır HF. 2010. Extension approaches in the use of pesticides in agricultural enterprises producing apples: The case of Karaman province. Master Thesis, Selcuk University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural Economics, 158 s, Konya.
• Karataş E, Alaoğlu Ö. 2011. Plant protection practices of producers in Manisa province. Journal of Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, 48(3): 183-189.
• Keskin A.H., 2012. Konya, Walnut cultivation in Konya, Karaman Region. 10. National Agricultural Economics Congress, 5-7 September 2012, 529-534 s., Konya
• Kızılay H, Akçaöz H. 2009. Investigation of economic loss in the use of pesticides and fertilizers in apple growing: The Case of Antalya Province. Journal of Agricultural Sciences Research, 2(1): 113-119.
• Özkan B, Vuruş Akçaöz H, Karadeniz CF. 2003. Producer attitudes and behaviors towards the use of pesticides in citrus production in Antalya province. Anadolu, J. of AARI, 13(2):103-116.
• Peker AE. 2012. Environmental sensitivity analysis for the use of pesticides in tomato production in Konya. Journal of Iğdır University Institute of Science and Technology, 2(1): 47-54.
• Tücer A, Polat İ, Küçüker M, Özercan A. 2004. Determination of the problems in pesticide applications in Manisa - Saruhanlı vineyard areas. Anadolu, J of AARI, 14(1): 128-141.
• Üremiş, İ., Karaat, Ş., Gönen, O., Canıhoş, E., Kütük, H., Ekmekçi, U., Çetin, V., Aytaş, M., and Kadıoğlu, İ., 1996. General Evaluation of Agrochemical Use in Çukurova Region. II National Pesticides Symposium, 18-20 November 1996, Ankara, s: 73-79
• Yücel, A., Çıkman, E., and Yücel, M., 1995. Farmer's View of Agricultural Struggle in the Harran Plain Before the Southeastern Anatolia Region (GAP) was put into practice. GAP Region Plant Protection Problems and Solution Proposals Symposium, 27-29 April 1995, Şanlıurfa
• Zeren, O., and Kumbur, H., 1998. Research on Agricultural Pharmaceutical Marketing, Usage Technique and Efficiency in İçel Province. Türk- Koop Ekin 2: 5,s:62-68